SAE AS 5134A-2001 Aviation Distress Signal《航空求救信号》.pdf

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1、AEROSPACE STANDARDAS5134REV.AIssued 2001-06Revised 2001-12Superseding AS5134Aviation Distress Signal1. SCOPE:This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides minimum performance and design standards to be applied to an Aviation Distress Signal, a handheld, high-intensity, stroboscopic light source designed

2、 to facilitate location and rescue of aviation accident/ditching survivors by ground, sea or airborne search and rescue resources.1.1 Purpose:The purpose of this document is to define a device that can be used in lieu of pyrotechnic devices in aviation survival kits - while meeting two primary objec

3、tives: (1) provide an equivalent level of safety to pyrotechnics with respect to utility as an aid to search and rescue, and (2) eliminate significant potential equipment and personnel hazards posed by the use of pyrotechnics by untrained personnel in inflatable life rafts.2. REFERENCES:2.1 Applicab

4、le Documents:The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text

5、of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.2.1.1 SAE Publications: Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 150

6、96-0001.ARP577 Emergency Placarding - Internal and ExternalARP1282 Survival Kit, Life Rafts and Slide/RaftsSAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and

7、its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comm

8、ents and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of

9、SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org RATIONALE This document has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE 5-Year Review policy. Reaffirmed 2007-09SAE

10、AS5134 Revision A- 2 -2.1.2 FAA Publications: Available from Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20591.FAA Technical Standard Orders TSO-C69, TSO-C702.1.3 RTCA Publications: Available from RTCA Inc., 1140 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 1020, Washington, DC 200

11、36.RTCA/DO-160 Environmental Conditions this is fully defined in 5.1.2.2.IcIt() tdt1t20.2 t2t1()+-=SAE AS5134 Revision A- 3 -2.2.4 SERVICE LIFE: The total calendar time from date of manufacture that a device can be expected to yield its full operating life before maintenance, service, or replacement

12、 is required. In the case of the power source, rated service life is further defined to be the maximum calendar time since manufacture during which the power source can yield the voltage and current necessary for the device to meet the minimum performance standards of this document with performance

13、degradation due to extended storage taken into account.2.2.5 UNTRAINED PERSONNEL: Individuals who are unfamiliar with and have no prior experience with civil or military survival equipment of the type carried on life rafts and specifically have no knowledge or experience with handheld strobe lights.

14、3. MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS:3.1 General:The device shall be designed and configured in such a way as to (1) optimize ease and simplicity of use by survivors of aircraft accidents, (2) optimize effectiveness as a means to identify survivor location to air, sea and ground borne search and rescue

15、forces, (3) optimize durability and reliability in the range of anticipated usage environments, and (4) minimize collateral harm or damage to personnel and equipment during use and storage.3.2 Light Characteristics:3.2.1 General: The device shall provide a flashing stroboscopic-type light with a fla

16、sh rate in the range of 50 flashes per minute 10 flashes per minute over the rated service life of the power source, including end-of-life conditions at critical operating temperature extremes. The selection of flash duration (pulse width) and peak luminous intensity should be optimized for visual a

17、cquisition at greater distances from the source. Emitted light shall be full spectrum, unfiltered.3.2.2 Intensity and Distribution: The light output of the device shall have four major components as described below and in Figure 1. These represent minimum performance requirements at the end of rated

18、 service life for the power source, at the end of the minimum 200 h of operating life of the device, and at the extreme operating temperatures, as specified in this document.3.2.2.1 Hemispherical Component: The device shall provide a mean luminous intensity of 2.0 effective candela over the hemisphe

19、re centered on and defined by the primary (vertical) axis of the device and the horizontal plane perpendicular to it; the tolerance on the center of this beam shall be 5. This requirement is intended to assure an omnidirectional signal most effective at relatively short acquisition distances.SAE AS5

20、134 Revision A- 4 -3.2.2.2 Horizontal Component: The device shall provide a mean luminous intensity of 4.0 effective candela over a minimum 10 beam centered on the plane perpendicular to the primary (vertical) axis of the device; the tolerance on the center of this beam shall be 10. This requirement

21、 applies to a full 360 of horizontal arc, though gaps of lower intensity totaling no more than 30 of arc are allowed. This requirement is intended to assure an effective signal for SAR resources conducting a scanning search over the horizon.3.2.2.3 Vertical Component: The device shall provide a mean

22、 luminous intensity of 4.0 effective candela over a minimum 5 beam centered on the primary (vertical) axis of the device; the tolerance on the center of this beam shall be 10. This requirement is intended to assure an effective signal when directed (pointed) by the user toward a SAR resource at a sp

23、ecific location as determined by sight or sound.3.2.2.4 Oblique Component: The device shall provide a mean luminous intensity of 4.0 effective candela over a minimum 5 beam centered 45 down from the primary (vertical) axis of the device; the tolerance on the center of this beam shall be 10. This req

24、uirement applies to a full 360 of horizontal arc, though gaps of lower intensity totaling no more than 30 of arc are allowed. This requirement is intended to assure an effective signal during rough sea conditions for SAR resources conducting a scanning search over the horizon.FIGURE 1SAE AS5134 Revi

25、sion A- 5 -3.3 Operating and Service Life:3.3.1 Operating Life: The device, including the lamp but excluding the power source, should be designed for a minimum operating life of 200 h without component failure or necessity for maintenance or repair. The power source shall be capable of meeting minim

26、um performance requirements during 16 h of constant operation at the end of the power units rated service life at ambient air temperatures between 30.2 F (-1 C) and 120 F (+48 C). This requirement may be met by a single power source, or two separate, replaceable power sources designed for use one at

27、 a time.3.3.2 Service Life: The device and its approved power source(s) shall have a minimum service life of four years before maintenance, inspection, and/or power source replacement is required. A non-disposable device should be designed to allow replacements of the power source to provide an exte

28、nded service life through multiple power source replacement and survival kit stowage cycles.3.4 Environmental Performance Standards:3.4.1 Extreme Temperature Exposure/Storage and Temperature Variation: The device shall be capable of being stored for extended periods at static and fluctuating tempera

29、tures in the range of -65 to +160 F (-54 to 71 C) without damage or degradation.3.4.2 Mechanical Shock and Vibration: The device shall be capable of withstanding mechanical shock and vibration regimes that can be expected in normal aircraft operation as well as crash/ditching situations.3.4.3 Waterp

30、roofness/Humidity/Salt Spray: The device shall be waterproof, and resistant to the effects of humidity and salt spray.3.4.4 Altitude and Decompression: The device shall be capable of withstanding the altitude and decompression environments applicable to the equipment location/installation.3.4.5 RF S

31、usceptibility: The use of the device shall not interfere with the operation of emergency radio equipment, such as emergency locator transmitters, nor shall the performance of the device be compromised by the operation of such equipment.4. DESIGN STANDARDS:4.1 General:4.1.1 Materials: Materials used

32、in the construction of the device shall not corrode, degrade, or prove harmful to personnel or equipment during extended use in a marine environment.SAE AS5134 Revision A- 6 -4.1.2 Protection: The device shall be designed, constructed, and shown to be resistant to the compressive forces generated wi

33、thin life raft and slide/raft packs during packing and stowage. Special care shall be given to the design and/or protection of appurtenances (e.g., external switching means, lenses) which would be susceptible to damage in these conditions. An acceptable means of meeting this requirement is to provid

34、e a suitable protective package with the device. If this approach is used, retrieval of the device from the protective package must be simple, self-evident, and capable of execution by an untrained user.4.1.3 Utility: The device shall be as compact and lightweight as possible. It shall be capable of

35、 being held securely in one hand, with the lens completely free and unobstructed.4.1.4 Personnel/Equipment Interface: The device shall have no sharp points or edges that could harm or damage personnel or equipment. 4.1.5 On/Off Switching: On/off switching provisions shall be obvious, and consistent

36、with good ergonomic practice. The switch shall be easily operated by an untrained individual in daylight or darkness while the device is being held by a single hand. Switch design and its manner of operation shall preclude inadvertent activation from mishandling or mechanical shock.4.1.6 Security Me

37、ans: The device shall include a closed loop lanyard of a non-rotting material with a minimum opened diameter of 20 in. The lanyard material shall be of a type, texture, and size to minimize the effects of abrasion or laceration of bare skin when worn around the neck or wrist, and when a steady force

38、 of 25 lb (11.4 kg) is applied to the device. The lanyard shall have an effective cross-sectional area of no less than 0.30 in2(1.93 cm2) or a diameter of no less than 0.120 in (0.30 cm). The lanyard and its security point(s) shall have a minimum breaking strength of 50 lb (22.75 kg).4.1.7 Mounting

39、Provisions: The security lanyard and its attachment provisions shall anticipate and facilitate the attachment or mounting of the device to other structures, including the canopy and/or available raft structures, so that the device may operate with minimum obstruction in a hands-free mode.4.2 Power S

40、ource:4.2.1 General: The device shall have a self-contained power source capable of meeting the applicable requirements of this specification. If the power source contains lithium metal, it shall be tested and certified in accordance with RTCA DO-227 or the applicable FAA Technical Standard Order.SA

41、E AS5134 Revision A- 7 -4.2.2 Electrical Connections: Electrical connections between the power source and the device, and between individual battery cells (in the case of multiple cell power sources), shall be of a type and design that provides a mechanically secure, low impedance connection that sh

42、all not be adversely affected by moisture or corrosion effects, or the environmental conditions specified in 3.4. The use of aviation-standard, locking connectors and resistance-welded or soldered inter-cell connections is generally recommended, though any electrical connection means which can be sh

43、own to provide an equivalent level of reliability and performance may be considered. Dissimilar metals should be avoided in mating electrical contacts unless suitable corrosion-inhibiting provisions are made.4.2.3 Circuit Protection: In the case of series/parallel power source configurations, approp

44、riate circuit protection for each parallel subsystem shall be provided.4.2.4 Power Unit Replacement: If operating life requirements are met with two separate power sources, replacement of the power source must be shown to be easily accomplished by an untrained user without tools. Replacement of the

45、power source must not, in and of itself, compromise the integrity, functionality, security, or waterproofness provisions of the device.4.3 Markings:4.3.1 Data Plate: The device shall be indelibly marked, as a minimum, with the following information in English: (a) device nomenclature, part number an

46、d model number (as applicable), (b) name and location of manufacturer, (c) date of manufacture and/or serial number, (d) operating voltage (as applicable), and (e) recommended replace by date (battery pack only).4.3.2 Operating Instructions: Any operating instructions or markings needed in support o

47、f 4.1.5 shall be permanently imprinted or embossed on the device; operating means (e.g., ON/OFF switches) and their mode of operation shall be clearly marked or identified using, at a minimum, high contrast markings and/or legends.4.3.3 Ancillary Instructions: Separate instructions, if not included

48、in a general survival manual installed in the survival kit, shall be provided to optimize the effective use of the device in survival and rescue scenarios and shall provide cautionary information regarding possible negative physiological effects of the operation of high-intensity stroboscopic light

49、sources in close proximity, including disorientation, eyesight impairment, and nausea/motion sickness. These instructions, where required, shall be indelibly imprinted on waterproof materials and should rely extensively on graphics. These instructions shall be attached to the device in such a manner as to ensure their availability to operators when the unit is initially unpacked from the survival kit, but so as to allow for removal during actual use of the device. As an alternative, these instructions m