SAE ARP 1315E-2013 Safety Considerations for Airplane Lavatories《飞机厕所的安全考虑》.pdf

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1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref

2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this pub

3、lication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970

4、(outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP1315EAEROSPACERECOMMENDED PRACTICEARP1315 REV. EIssued 1975-05 Revised 2013-10 Su

5、perseding ARP1315D Safety Considerations for Airplane Lavatories RATIONALEThis technical report is updated to address security considerations for the installation of chemical oxygen generators and for toilets in airplane lavatories. 1. SCOPE This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes

6、safety recommendations for lavatories in transport category airplanes. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be

7、the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has bee

8、n obtained. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.AIR512 Aircraft Cabin Illumination ARP4001 Lavatory Smoke Detectors ARP4740 Safety Consideratio

9、ns - Smoking in Lavatories of Transport Aircraft AS8056 Minimum Design and Performance of Airplane Galley In-Flight Carts, Containers, and Associated ComponentsSAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1315E Page 2 of 6 2.1.2 ASHRAE Publications Available from ASHRAE, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta GA 30329, Tel: 800-5

10、27-4723 (U.S. and Canada only) or 404-636-8400, www.ashrae.org.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality 2.1.3 A4A Publications Available from Airlines for America (A4A), 1301 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Suite 1100, Washington, DC 20004, Tel: 202-626-4000, www.airlines.org

11、.Suggested Guidelines for Accessible Lavatories in Twin Aisle Aircraft 2.1.4 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Available from the United States Government Printing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401, Tel: 202-512-0000, www.gpoaccess.gov.14 CFR Part 1 Definition and Abbreviati

12、ons 14 CFR Part 21 Certification Procedures for Products and Parts 14 CFR Part 25 Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes 14 CFR Part 382 Non-discrimination on the Basis of Disability in Air Travel21 CFR Part 1250 Interstate Conveyance Sanitation 2.1.5 FAA Publications Available from F

13、ederal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20591, Tel: 866-835-5322, www.faa.gov or http:/rgl.faa.gov/.AC 20-168 Certification Guidance for Installation of Non-Essential, Non-Required Aircraft Cabin Systems & Equipment (CS&E) AC 25-9 Smoke Detection, Penetration, Eva

14、cuation Tests, and related Flight Manual Emergency Procedures AC 25-10 Guidance for Installation of Miscellaneous, Non-required Electrical Equipment AC 25-17 Transport Airplane Cabin Interiors Crashworthiness Handbook AC 25.795-8 Interior Design to Facilitate Searches AC 25.1701-1 Certification of E

15、lectrical Wiring Interconnect Systems on Transport Category Airplanes AC 43.13-1 Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and Practices, Aircraft Inspection and Repair AC 43.13-2 Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and Practices, Aircraft Alterations PS-ANM-25-04 Chemical Oxygen Generator Installations, dated 12

16、/21/2011 2.1.6 NASA Publications Available at http:/msis.jsc.nasa.gov/.NASA-STD-3000 Man-Systems Integration Standards SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1315E Page 3 of 6 2.1.7 FDA Publications Available at http:/www.fda.gov/ICECI/Inspections/InspectionGuides/ucm095485.htmAttachment 3 to Guide to Inspections of

17、Interstate Carriers and Support Facilities 2.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this SAE Aerospace Standard.2.2.1 EASA Publications Available from European Aviation Safety Agency, Postfach 10 12 53, D-50452 Koel

18、n, Germany, Tel: +49-221-8999-000, www.easa.eu.int.CS-25 Certification Specification for Large Aeroplanes2.3 Definitions 2.3.1 LAVATORY A compartment within an airplane passenger cabin that provides facilities for washing, trash disposal, and toiletry needs. The compartment may include furnishings s

19、uch as: a. Curtains b. Enclosure (walls, doors, ceiling, and floors) c. Cabinets (sink, dispensers, and disposals) d. Supply compartments e. Toilet system f. Plumbing (water lines, drain lines, vent lines, and oxygen lines) g. Electrical wiring and components h. Amenities (e.g., paper towels, sanita

20、ry napkins, cologne, etc.) i. Lighting, call system, and public address system j. Oxygen supply provisions k. Fresh air outlet l. Safety equipment needed to ensure safety of occupant and equipment m. Smoke detector n. Waste compartment fire extinguisher o. Assist means (handles/hand holds) SAE INTER

21、NATIONAL ARP1315E Page 4 of 6 2.3.2 NATIONAL AVIATION AUTHORITY A States civil aviation authority (e.g., FAA, Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA), European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA).2.3.3 Mandating and Recommending Words SHALL: indicates a mandatory criterion SHOULD: indicates a criterion for

22、 which an alternative, including noncompliance, may be applied if it is documented and justified.2.3.4 RoHS (Restriction of Hazard Substances)Regulations such as those in the European Union and China that restrict the use of certain hazardous substances.2.3.5 REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authori

23、sation and Restriction of Chemical substances) Regulations in the European Union with the aim to improve the protection of human health and the environment through the better and earlier identification of the intrinsic properties of chemical substances. 3. DETAIL RECOMMENDATIONS 3.1 General 3.1.1 Th

24、e current applicable sections of National Aviation Authority regulations shall be considered minimum requirements.3.1.2 In addition to the sanitary construction requirements of 21 CFR 1250, lavatories should meet Attachment 3 “Guidelines for Sanitary Construction of Aircraft Galleys and Galley Compo

25、nents” in FDA document “Interstate Carriers and Support Facilities - Guidelines” in comparable subject areas such as potable water, waste receptacles, cleaning, etc. 3.1.3 Lavatories shall be designed in accordance with the provisions of Volume 1, Section 6.3 (Mechanical Hazards) of NASA STD-3000 to

26、 avoid safety problems with burrs, edges, corners and protrusions. 3.1.4 Handholds shall be provided for use during turbulence. The handhold(s) should meet the “Assistive Equipment Dimensions” criteria in ATA publication, “Suggested Guidelines for Accessible Lavatories in Twin Aisle Aircraft” (2.1.3

27、) except it should be positioned horizontally between 35 inches (89 cm) and 50 inches (127 cm) above the floor and useable in both seated and standing positions.3.1.5 At least one lavatory per airplane should be designed for use by disabled/extra care passengers (14 CFR Part 382) and the design shal

28、l be implemented in accordance with “Suggested Guidelines for Accessible Lavatories in Twin Aisle Aircraft”. The handhold system in this lavatory shall meet the criteria in “Suggested Guidelines for Accessible Lavatories in Twin Aisle Aircraft” and 3.1.4 to accommodate both the typical passenger and

29、 the extra care/disabled passenger. 3.1.6 Lavatories shall be designed for ease of use, especially by passengers unfamiliar with the lavatory. Placards shall be used for clarity of necessary information. Symbolic placards are recommended and when used shall be implemented in accordance with AC 25-17

30、. 3.1.7 In addition to the “No Smoking in Lavatory” placards required by 14 CFR 25.791(d), a placard on the inside of the lavatory shall advise occupants that smoking is not allowed because of its potential fire danger. This placard should be rendered in accordance with ARP4740. 3.1.8 Illumination l

31、evels within the lavatory shall, at minimum, meet the values provided in AIR512.SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1315E Page 5 of 6 3.1.9 The ashtray required by 14 CFR 25.853(g) shall be constructed of fire resistant (14 CFR 1.1) materials and have a lid to enclose smoking materials. 3.1.10 To meet the fire con

32、tainment requirements of 14 CFR 25.853, waste receptacles shall be tested per AC 25-17. The waste receptacle flap shall be clearly identified, readily distinguishable from an ashtray, self-closing, and not have finger “through holes”. The “No Cigarette Disposal” marking required by 14 CFR 25.791(c)

33、should be engraved (or equivalent) on the waste flap itself. Bonded placards shall not be used. The waste flap marking should be rendered in accordance with AS8056.3.1.11 The waste container and chute shall direct waste into the bin and be designed to prevent jamming during normal use. Easily opened

34、 and closed doors with straightforward access and an easily removable waste container shall be provided. It shall be impossible to install the removable container improperly. Compartment door latching shall be positive and indicate the latch engaged position. 3.1.12 Electrical wire, plumbing lines,

35、and other systems shall not be routed within the waste receptacle area of the waste compartment. It is acceptable to route these systems behind the waste receptacle in the back of the waste compartment, provided the waste receptacle area is separated from the systems with a compartment panel or equi

36、valent fire resistant shrouding. Removal of access panels shall not be required for cleaning waste receptacles.3.1.13 Smoke detectors and automatic (e.g., heat activated) fire extinguishing systems required by 14 CFR 25.854 shall be hidden or protected from occupants to reduce the risk of tampering

37、and shall be easily accessible to maintenance personnel for repair. The smoke detector system shall be implemented in accordance with ARP4001. Smoke detection guidance is provided in AC 25-9. 3.1.14 Lavatories shall meet the “Ease of Search” guidance in AC25.795-8 Appendix 1.3.1.15 The floor shall b

38、e sealed to provide a barrier preventing liquids from dripping or seeping into compartments or equipment below. 3.1.16 The toilet seat/shroud design shall not create a pressure seal between the seated passenger and the toilet. 3.1.17 A service panel shall be installed inside the lavatory and include

39、 an attendant call button and “Return to Seat“ sign. The “Return to Seat” sign should be symbolic not text with graphics per AC25-17. A passenger call from the lavatory shall also illuminate a light outside the lavatory and (optionally) on the attendant panel to indicate the lavatory from which the

40、passenger call originated. 3.1.18 Lavatory entry doors shall be designed to remain closed during emergency egress conditions and pressure loads caused by a rapid decompression (14 CFR 25.365(e)(g). 3.1.19 In addition to the requirements of 14 CFR 25.820, lavatory entry doors and door locks that oper

41、ate with rotating handles or knobs shall unlatch/unlock when turned in either direction. Operating the door lock shall provide a vacant and occupied indication outside the lavatory, as appropriate.3.1.20 The design of doors that open toward each other shall preclude jamming and interference that cou

42、ld lock the doors in a semi-open position. 3.1.21 Magnesium and magnesium alloys shall not be used. Chemical/substance usage shall be in accordance with local regulations such as RoHS and REACH. 3.1.22 A shroud for the toilet bowl and tank (if applicable) shall be designed to limit access for toilet

43、 system repair to maintenance personnel. 3.1.23 For security considerations, the toilet shall be designed to prevent the passage of solid objects greater than 2.0 inches (5.1 cm) in diameter (14 CFR 25.795). SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1315E Page 6 of 6 3.2 Plumbing 3.2.1 Plumbing lines shall be located or

44、 protected to prevent leakage and condensation from dripping on electrical wiring and equipment. 3.2.2 Plumbing shall be protected from freezing during “gate to gate” flight operations. Plumbing lines shall withstand freezing without damage or be able to be drained during a cold-soak condition, e.g.

45、, an airplane parked overnight in a cold climate. 3.2.3 Water faucet controls shall indicate hot and cold water. Faucet color coding of red to indicate “hot” and blue to indicate “cold” is suggested. Water faucets should be designed to turn off automatically in a time frame commensurate with good co

46、nservation practices. 3.3 Ventilation 3.3.1 Lavatories shall be ventilated. Minimum exhaust flow rates should be per Table 6-4 (private toilets) of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1 for odor control and the flow rate shall be high enough to prevent smoke from a lavatory fire from penetrating into the main p

47、assenger cabin. Smoke penetration testing shall be per AC 25-9. The lavatory ventilation system shall not negatively affect the operation of the smoke detectors and automatic fire extinguishing systems. 3.3.2 Other than the ventilation system, there shall be no opening that could result in a flue ac

48、tion in the event of fire within the lavatory compartment or its sub-compartments. 3.4 Electrical 3.4.1 Acceptable methods for complying with 3.1.1 for electrical systems and electrical wiring interconnect systems (EWIS) are provided in AC 20-168, AC 25-10, AC25.1701-1, AC 43.13-1, and AC 43.13-2. 3

49、.5 Oxygen 3.5.1 Each lavatory shall have the quantity of oxygen dispensing units required by regulations (e.g., 14 CFR 25.1447). When regulations do not require oxygen dispensing units in lavatories, each lavatory should have at least one. 3.5.2 When oxygen is provided by chemical oxygen generators (COGs), their installation shall meet the certification criteria provided in FAA policy no. PS-ANM-25-04. This policy provides that the FAA in