SAE AMS 2772G-2016 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Raw Materials.pdf

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1、_ 6$(7HFKQLFDO6WDQGDUGV%RDUG5XOHVSURYLGHWKDW7KLVUHSRUWLVSX EOLVKHGE6$(WRDGYDQFHWKHVWDWHRIWHFKQLFDODQGHQJL neering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole res

2、ponsibility RIWKHXVHU SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2016 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprodu

3、ced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-

4、776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS2772G AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS2772 REV. G Issued 1997-01 Revised 2016-04 Superseding AMS277

5、2F Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Raw Materials RATIONALE AMS2772G revises Equipment (4.3.1.1, 4.3.1.1.2), Uniformity of Quench (4.3.2.5, 4.3.2.5.2), and is a Five Year Review and update of this specification. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Purpose This specification covers requirements and recommendations for the

6、heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloy raw materials (see 8.2.1) by producers. It supersedes AMS-H-6088 and replaces MIL-H-6088. 1.1.1 Tempers Aluminum alloy tempers are described in SAE AS1990 and ANSI H35.1. 1.1.2 Other Alloys This specification may be used for alloys other than those specified

7、herein providing temperatures, times, and quenchant are specified. 1.1.2.1 For those material specifications that specify proprietary heat treat and/or aging practices, all other requirements of AMS2772 apply. 1.1.3 Other Heat Treatment 1.1.3.1 Parts (See 8.2.2) Made from wrought raw material shall

8、be heat treated in accordance with AMS2770. 1.1.3.2 Castings and Parts Made from Castings Are not covered by this specification; heat treatment of aluminum castings and parts made from such castings is covered by AMS2771. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2772G Page 2 of 25 1.1.3.3 Temper Conversion Warehouses,

9、distributors etc. shall conform to 3.8. 1.1.3.4 Procedure for Response-to-Heat-Treatment Tests Shall conform to 3.9. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplie

10、r may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE Internationa

11、l, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2750 Pyrometry AMS2770 Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloy Parts AMS2771 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings AMS-H-6088 Heat Treatment of Alumi

12、num Alloys ARP1962 Training and Approval of Heat-Treating Personnel AS1990 Aluminum Alloy Tempers 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM STP15D Manual on Presentation of Da

13、ta and Control Chart Analysis ASTM B557 Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products ASTM B557M Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products (Metric) ASTM B666/B666M Identification Marking of Aluminum and Magnesium Products ASTM G110 Evaluating I

14、ntergranular Corrosion Resistance of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys by Immersion in Sodium Chloride + Hydrogen Peroxide Solution 2.3 U.S. Government Publications Copies of these documents are available online at http:/quicksearch.dla.mil. MIL-H-6088 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloys MIL-STD-1537 Ele

15、ctrical Conductivity Test for Verification of Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloys, Eddy Current Method SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2772G Page 3 of 25 2.4 ANSI Publications Copies of these documents are available online at http:/webstore.ansi.org/. ANSI H35.1 American National Standard Alloy and Temper Design

16、ation Systems for Aluminum 2.5 Battelle Publications Available from Battelle, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 or www.mmpds.org. MMPDS Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization (MMPDS) 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Equipment Qualification Before production heat treatment, each so

17、lution heat treating furnace/quench facility and each aging furnace shall be qualified by tensile and metallurgical testing (see 4.4) of heat treated samples representative of the most quench-sensitive (see 4.3.2.5.1) product to be heat treated. In addition, qualification of quench facilities shall

18、include conformance to 4.3. 3.1.1 Sample Thickness Tensile tests shall be representative of the thinnest and the thickest material to be heat treated; intermediate thickness samples shall be included when necessary to ensure proper production heat treatment. Thickness for metallurgical tests shall c

19、onform to 4.4. 3.1.2 Sample Locations Samples shall be randomly positioned in simulated production loads except at least one of the tensile test samples shall be positioned at a location which exhibited a conductivity within 0.3% of the highest conductivity in a quench uniformity test. 3.1.3 Equipme

20、nt Re-Qualification Whenever any qualified equipment is changed or reworked, it shall be re-qualified unless it is known that the change or rework will not have a detrimental effect upon the properties of products. Re-qualification of quench facilities shall include conformance to 4.3. 3.2 Pyrometry

21、 Shall conform to AMS2750 except (1) it is not applicable to furnaces used only for stress relieving or full annealing below 825 F (441 C), (2) recordings from instruments may be stored on magnetic or optical media providing a hard copy is producible on request, and (3) in continuous and semi- conti

22、nuous furnaces, the requirements applicable to controls, instruments, and sensors in the working (soaking) zone shall also be applicable to the heating (heat-up) zone. 3.2.1 The temperature uniformity test requirements of AMS2750 shall be modified as follows: 3.2.1.1 Load Condition Initial tests sha

23、ll be performed with a typical load. Subsequent tests may be performed with any load or no load. Furnaces which have only been tested with a heavy load (in anticipation of only heat treating heavy loads) (see 8.2.9) shall not be used to heat treat light loads unless load sensors and recording instru

24、ments are employed to (1) preclude any portion of the load exceeding the maximum specified temperature on heat-up and (2) ensure soaking within the specified range for the required time. 3.2.1.2 Load Sensors When all production loads are heavy (see 8.2.9) and a temperature uniformity test load is he

25、avy, load sensors may be used in lieu of uniformity test sensors. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2772G Page 4 of 25 3.2.1.3 Loaded Furnaces During the heat-up portion of uniformity tests performed on a loaded batch furnace and during the period that a load is in the heating (heat-up) zone(s) of continuous and

26、 semi-continuous furnaces, the temperature of the heating medium may exceed the maximum of the range being tested providing that the metal temperature does not exceed that maximum. 3.2.1.4 Uniformity Requirements During the test period, the temperature of all working and test sensors in the working

27、(soaking) zone shall be within the following allowable ranges (these ranges supersede the temperature tolerances specified in AMS2750): 3.2.1.4.1 50 F (28 C) range for furnaces used only for full annealing at 825 F (441 C) and higher. Annealing temperatures shall be controlled so as to preclude any

28、material exceeding the lowest solution heat treating temperature for the alloy being annealed. 3.2.1.4.1.1 For furnaces used only for full annealing below 825 F (441 C) and for stress relieving, there are no temperature uniformity requirements. 3.2.1.4.2 30 F (17 C) range for furnaces used only for

29、solution heat treatment of those 6xxx alloys for which Table 1 specifies a range of 30 F (17 C) degrees or more. 3.2.1.4.3 20 F (11 C) range for furnaces used for solution heat treatment of 6xxx alloys for which Table 1 specifies a range of less than 30 F (17 C). 3.2.1.4.4 20 F (11 C) range for furn

30、aces used for solution heat treatment of other alloys except 10 F (6 C) range for furnaces used for solution heat treatment of 8090 sheet. 3.2.1.4.5 20 F (11 C) range for furnaces used for aging treatments. 3.2.1.4.6 20 F (11 C) range for furnaces used for processing to the -O1 temper. 3.3 Heating M

31、edia for Solution Heat Treatment Shall be air, protective atmosphere, combusted gases, molten salt bath, or fluidized bed. However, no protective atmosphere, combusted gas or fluidized bed environment shall be used unless it has been shown by test (in accordance with 4.4.1.1), on the alloy/form to b

32、e heat treated, to yield product which is free from heat treat induced porosity. Composition of salt baths and fluidized beds shall be maintained to prevent attack of the product. 3.4 Preparation for Heat Treatment 3.4.1 Cleanliness Prior to heat treating, product shall be free from surface contamin

33、ants which could have a detrimental effect on the material. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2772G Page 5 of 25 3.4.2 Racking and Spacing During solution heat treatment, product shall be supported or hung and spaced to permit flow of the heating and cooling media over all surfaces to ensure that all product wil

34、l meet the specified requirements. During aging, product shall be supported or hung and spaced so that it will be heated and soaked as required to meet the specified requirements. 3.4.2.1 Load arrangement shall be validated by heat treatment of a similarly arranged load (see 8.2.10) containing one o

35、r more appropriately placed load sensors which show that all product will be soaked within the specified temperature range for a time which has been previously shown, by tensile tests, to produce the specified properties (not required for load arrangements which have been previously validated in acc

36、ordance with MIL-H-6088, AMS-H-6088 or a previous issue of AMS2772). Written instructions, drawings, photographs, or other illustrations shall be used to ensure proper load arrangements. 3.4.2.2 Thin Forgings Random racking (not nested) or layering of forgings, 1 inch (25 mm) and under in thickness

37、is permissible for (1) solution heat treating (providing quenching is by immersion), (2) aging, and (3) annealing, providing product so racked has been demonstrated by test to meet the material specification requirements. Layer thickness shall not exceed 3 inches (76 mm) and distance between layers

38、shall be at least 3 inches (76 mm) (not required for load arrangements which have been previously validated in accordance with MIL-H-6088, AMS-H-6088, or a previous issue of AMS2772). 3.5 Temperatures 3.5.1 Furnace temperatures shall be controlled so as to ensure that the metal temperature does not

39、exceed the maximum of the range. 3.5.1.1 When a load is charged into a batch furnace whose indicated temperature is higher than the maximum of the specified range, a recording load sensor, in contact with the thinnest material on the outside of the load, shall be used to verify that the metal temper

40、ature did not exceed the maximum of the range. 3.6 Solution Heat Treatment 3.6.1 Product shall be soaked, in accordance with 3.6.2, within the temperature range specified in Table 1 and quenched as specified in 3.6.3. Quenching directly from a furnace or salt bath is required. Extrusion press quench

41、ing (see 8.2.6) and rolling mill quenching (see 8.2.7) are not permitted by AMS2772. 3.6.2 Soaking 3.6.2.1 Start Soaking time shall start when the readings of all load sensors indicate that the temperature of the load has reached the minimum of the required temperature range. Alternatively, determin

42、ation that the temperature of the load has reached the minimum of the required temperature range (start of soaking time) may be based on readings of furnace instruments providing the lag between their readings and load temperature has been determined in a similarly arranged load. 3.6.2.2 Duration Th

43、e load shall be maintained within the required temperature range for a time which has been previously shown, by tensile tests, to produce the specified properties (not required for soaking times which have been previously validated in accordance with MIL-H-6088, AMS-H-6088 or a previous issue of AMS

44、2772). Recommended soaking times are listed in Table 2. 3.6.2.3 During soaking in a semi-continuous air furnace, a drop in temperature indicated by furnace instrument(s) is permissible providing that: 3.6.2.3.1 The temperature indicated by any instrument does not drop more than 20 F (11 C) below the

45、 minimum of the specified range. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2772G Page 6 of 25 3.6.2.3.2 Time below the minimum of the specified range does not exceed five minutes. 3.6.2.3.3 Soaking is continued for not less than 10 minutes after recovery to the minimum of the solution heat treatment temperature range be

46、fore quenching. 3.6.2.3.4 If furnace temperature does not drop more than 20 F (11 C) below the minimum of the specified range, but does not recover to the minimum of the specified temperature range within 5 minutes, the total soaking time within the specified range shall be increased; if less than 1

47、 hour was required, it shall be increased by one-half hour; if 1 hour or more was required, it shall be increased by 1 hour. 3.6.3 Quenching (see 4.3, 8.2.6, and 8.2.7) 2xxx and 7xxx alloy forgings shall be quenched by immersion. Quenching of other forms of 2xxx and 7xxx alloys and all forms of othe

48、r alloys shall be by immersion, spray or, in a suitable chamber, by air blast. 3.6.3.1 Quenchant For immersion and spray quenching shall be water or an aqueous solution of a residual stress/distortion reducing additive such as polymer. 3.6.3.2 Quench Conditions Quenchant volume, velocity, distribution and agitation (of quenchant and/or product) shall be sufficient to ensure that all products will meet specified requirements after aging. Quenchant temperature shall conform to 3.6.3.5. The additive, concentration and specific temperatu