[考研类试卷]GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷103及答案与解析.doc

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1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷 103 及答案与解析一、Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the

2、 center.1 These excursions will give you an even deeper _ into our language and culture.（A）inquiry（B） investigation（C） input（D）insight2 The stock _ in value should be sold.（A）which has not increased（B） has not increased（C） not been increasing（D）who has not increased3 The manager needs an assistant w

3、ho he can _ to take care of problems in his absence.（A）count on（B） count in（C） count up（D）count out4 The number of the employees _ in this company.（A）have doubled（B） has doubled（C） are doubled（D）were doubled5 He is _ of a musician.（A）anybody（B） anyone（C） something（D）somebody6 Problems common to most

4、 countries include the social, economic _ problems.（A）and politics（B） and with government（C） of government（D）and political7 You cant be _ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.（A）very（B） quite（C） too（D）so8 He came all the way to China for promoting friendship _ for making mon

5、ey.（A）other than（B） more than（C） better than（D）rather than9 _, I wrote a letter to Henry Ford II and told him what happened.（A）Desperate（B） Despite（C） Inspiring（D）Exciting10 He was a person who would stand up for what he thought right, _.（A）whatever the cost to himself（B） what the cost to himself mi

6、ght be（C） no matter whatever the cost is to himself（D）however the cost to himself is二、Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the be

7、st one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.10 It is hard to track the blue whale, the oceans largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult, and

8、 visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.So biologists were delighted early this year when with the help of the Navy they were able to track a particular blue whale for 33 days monitoring its sounds. This was possible because of the Navys formerly top-secret system

9、 of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans.Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the

10、 ships of potential enemies.Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption (爆发 ) for the first time and that they plan similar studies. Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean cur

11、rents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures.The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second-slower than through land but faster than through air. What is most important, different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds, focusing them in the same way a stethosc

12、ope (听诊器)does when it carries faint noises from a patients chest to a doctors ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles.11 The passage is chiefly about _.（A）an effort to protect an endangere

13、d marine species（B） the civilian use of a military detection system（C） the exposure of a U.S. Navy top-secret weapon（D）a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales12 The underwater listening system was originally designed _.（A）to trace and locate enemy vessels（B） to monitor deep-sea volcanic e

14、ruptions（C） to study the movement of ocean currents（D）to replace the global radio communications network13 The deep-sea listening system makes use of _.（A）the sophisticated technology of focusing sounds under water（B） the capability of sound to travel at high speed（C） the unique property of layers o

15、f ocean water in transmitting sound（D）low-frequency sounds travelling across different layers of water14 It can be inferred from the passage that _.（A）new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered blue whales（B） blue whales are no longer endangered with the use of the new listeni

16、ng system（C） opinions differ as to whether civilian scientists should be allowed to use military technology（D）military technology has great potential in civilian use15 Which of the following is true about the U.S. Navy underwater listening network?（A）It is now partly accessible to civilian scientist

17、s.（B） It has been replaced by a more advanced system.（C） It became useless to the military after the cold war.（D）It is indispensable in protecting endangered species.15 President Coolidges statement, “The business of America is business,“ still points to an important truth today- that business insti

18、tutions have more prestige (威望) in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in soc

19、iety. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and har

20、d work are protected.Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly (垄断) of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its custo

21、mers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly. Bec

22、ause business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important, than democracy in

23、 preserving freedom.Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity.Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the America

24、n alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic (贵族的 ) idea of inherited privilege.16 The statement “The business of America is business“ probably means _.（A）The business instit

25、utions in America are concerned with（B） Business problems are of great importance to the American government（C） Business is of primary concern to Americans（D）America is a great power in world business17 Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only _.（A）when given equality of op

26、portunity（B） through doing business（C） by protecting their individual freedom（D）by way of competition18 Who can benefit from business competition?（A）Honest businessmen（B） Both businessmen and their customers（C） People with ideals of equality and freedom（D）Both business institutions and government19

27、Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government is characterized by _.（A）its absolute control of power（B） its function in preserving personal freedom（C） its role in protecting basic American values（D）its democratic way of exercising leadership20 It can be inferred from t

28、he passage that the author believes _.（A）Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries（B） in many countries success often depends on ones social status（C） American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries（D）businesses in other countries are not as competitive as tho

29、se in America20 Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious“ both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed peoples natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin (亲戚 ) and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acq

30、uaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obviousness“ is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this

31、fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not d

32、iffer between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life do

33、es not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distru

34、st of strangers.These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young troublemakers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be

35、a link between a communitys population size and its social heterogeneity (多样性). For instance, sociologists have found that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a co

36、smopolitan (见多识广者的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior

37、 seem to be outcomes of large population size.21 Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?（A）Two contrasting views are presented.（B） An argument is examined and possible solutions given.（C） Research results concerning the quality of urban life are pres

38、ented in order of time.（D）A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.22 According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents _.（A）did not have the same interests as their neighbors（B） could not develop lone-standing relationships（C） tend

39、ed to be associated with bad behavior（D）usually had more friends23 One of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships among neighbors _.（A）disrupt peoples natural relations（B） make them worry about crime（C） cause them not to show concern for one another（D）cause them to be suspici

40、ous of each other24 It can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is, _.（A）the better its quality of life（B） the more similar its interests（C） the more tolerant and open-minded it is（D）the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress25 What is the passage mainly about

41、?（A）Similarities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small-town dwellers.（B） Advantages of living in big cities as compared with living in small towns.（C） The positive role that urbanism plays in modem life.（D）The strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants.25 According to

42、a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, todays traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)“ than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.Not surprising in these hard times, the students major objective “is to be financially well o

43、ff. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life“. It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic“ fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs

44、, engineering and computer science is way up.Thats no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job- even before she completed her two-year associate degree.While its true that we all

45、 need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions-be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wis

46、dom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How

47、shortsighted in the long run!But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is tal

48、king on the intercom (对讲机): “Miss Baxter,“ he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?“From the long-term point of view, thats what education really ought to be about.26 According to the authors observation, college students _.（A）have never been so materialistic

49、as today（B） have never been so interested in the arts（C） have never been so financially well off as today（D）have never attached so much importance to mutual sense27 The students criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _.（A）the influences of their instructors（B） the financial goals they seek in life（C） their own interpretations of the courses（D）their understanding of the contributions of others28 By saying “While its true that., be t