ISA TR106 00 01-2013 Procedure Automation for Continuous Process Operations C Models and Terminology.pdf

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1、 TECHNICAL REPORT ISA-TR106.00.01-2013 Procedure Automation for Continuous Process Operations Models and Terminology Approved 1 August 2013 ISATR106.00.01 Procedure Automation for Continuous Process Operations Models and Terminology ISBN: 978-0-876640-38-8 Copyright 2013 by ISA. All rights reserved.

2、 Not for resale. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the Publisher. I

3、SA 67 Alexander Drive P. O. Box 12277 Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 USA 3 ISA-TR106.00.01-2013 Preface This preface, as well as all footnotes and annexes, is included for information purposes and is not part of ISA-TR106.00.01-2013. This document has been prepared as part of the servi

4、ce of ISA, the International Society of Automation, toward a goal of uniformity in the field of instrumentation. To be of real value, this document should not be static but should be subject to periodic review. Toward this end, the Society welcomes all comments and criticisms and asks that they be a

5、ddressed to the Secretary, Standards and Practices Board; ISA; 67 Alexander Drive; P. O. Box 12277; Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; Telephone (919) 549-8411; Fax (919) 549-8288; E-mail: standardsisa.org. The ISA Standards and Practices Department is aware of the growing need for attention to the m

6、etric system of units in general and the International System of Units (SI) in particular, in the preparation of instrumentation standards. The Department is further aware of the benefits to USA users of ISA standards of incorporating suitable references to the SI (and the metric system) in their bu

7、siness and professional dealings with other countries. Toward this end, this Department will endeavor to introduce SI-acceptable metric units in all new and revised standards, recommended practices and technical reports to the greatest extent possible. Standard for Use of the International System of

8、 Units (SI): The Modern Metric System, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials as IEEE/ASTM SI 10-97, and future revisions, will be the reference guide for definitions, symbols, abbreviations, and conversion factors. It is the policy of ISA to encourage and welcome the participat

9、ion of all concerned individuals and interests in the development of ISA standards, recommended practices and technical reports. Participation in the ISA standards-making process by an individual in no way constitutes endorsement by the employer of that individual, of ISA or of any of the standards,

10、 recommended practices and technical reports that ISA develops. CAUTION ISA DOES NOT TAKE ANY POSITION WITH RESPECT TO THE EXISTENCE OR VALIDITY OF ANY PATENT RIGHTS ASSERTED IN CONNECTION WITH THIS DOCUMENT, AND ISA DISCLAIMS LIABILITY FOR THE INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT RESULTING FROM THE USE OF TH

11、IS DOCUMENT. USERS ARE ADVISED THAT DETERMINATION OF THE VALIDITY OF ANY PATENT RIGHTS, AND THE RISK OF INFRINGEMENT OF SUCH RIGHTS, IS ENTIRELY THEIR OWN RESPONSIBILITY. PURSUANT TO ISAS PATENT POLICY, ONE OR MORE PATENT HOLDERS OR PATENT APPLICANTS MAY HAVE DISCLOSED PATENTS THAT COULD BE INFRINGE

12、D BY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT AND EXECUTED A LETTER OF ASSURANCE COMMITTING TO THE GRANTING OF A LICENSE ON A WORLDWIDE, NONDISCRIMINATORY BASIS, WITH A FAIR AND REASONABLE ROYALTY RATE AND FAIR AND REASONABLE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. FOR MORE INFORMATION ON SUCH DISCLOSURES AND LETTERS OF ASSURANCE, CONTA

13、CT ISA OR VISIT WWW.ISA.ORG/STANDARDSPATENTS. OTHER PATENTS OR PATENT CLAIMS MAY EXIST FOR WHICH A DISCLOSURE OR LETTER OF ASSURANCE HAS NOT BEEN RECEIVED. ISA IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR IDENTIFYING PATENTS OR PATENT APPLICATIONS FOR WHICH A LICENSE MAY BE REQUIRED, FOR CONDUCTING INQUIRIES INTO THE LEG

14、AL VALIDITY OR SCOPE OF PATENTS, OR DETERMINING WHETHER ANY LICENSING TERMS OR CONDITIONS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH SUBMISSION OF A LETTER OF ASSURANCE, IF ANY, OR IN ANY LICENSING AGREEMENTS ARE REASONABLE OR NON-DISCRIMINATORY. ISA REQUESTS THAT ANYONE REVIEWING THIS DOCUMENT WHO IS AWARE OF ANY

15、 PATENTS THAT MAY IMPACT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DOCUMENT NOTIFY THE ISA STANDARDS AND PRACTICES DEPARTMENT OF THE PATENT AND ITS OWNER. ADDITIONALLY, THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY INVOLVE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, OPERATIONS OR PROCESS EQUIPMENT. THE DOCUMENT CANNOT ANTICIPATE ALL POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS OR

16、ADDRESS ALL POSSIBLE SAFETY ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH USE IN HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS. THE USER OF THIS TECHNICAL REPORT SHOULD EXERCISE ISA-TR106.00.01-2013 4 SOUND PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT CONCERNING ITS USE AND APPLICABILITY UNDER THE USERS PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES. THE USER SHOULD ALSO CONSIDER THE APPLIC

17、ABILITY OF ANY GOVERNMENTAL REGULATORY LIMITATIONS AND ESTABLISHED SAFETY AND HEALTH PRACTICES BEFORE IMPLEMENTING THIS STANDARD. The following served as leaders of the ISA106 committee in the development of this technical report. NAME AFFILIATION Yahya Nazer, Co-Chair The Dow Chemical Co. William D

18、. Wray, Co-Chair Bayer Material Science Marty King, Former Co-Chair Chevron Energy Technology Co ETC Maurice J. Wilkins, Managing Director Yokogawa David Emerson, Editor Yokogawa Charles Green, Secretary Aramco Services Co. The following served as voting members of the ISA106 committee: NAME AFFILIA

19、TION Dustin Beebe ProSys Inc John Blanchard ARC Advisory Group Terry R. Coffman The Dow Chemical Co Lynn W. Craig MAA Inc Randy A. Dwiggins NNE Pharmaplan Wayne J. Hawkins Chevron Jim Huff PAS David A. Huffman ABB Inc Bryan M. Jones Emerson Process Management Francis Lovering ControlDraw Ltd Andre M

20、ichel SkillPad Hamdy Noureldin Saudi Aramco Kevin Patel Signature Automation Dale E. Reed Rockwell Automation Stephen A. Russell Valero Energy Corp Laura Sheets Savannah River Nuclear Solutions Leon C. Steinocher Redstone Investors Herman E. Storey Herman Storey Consulting August J. Tassin BP Lubric

21、ants Robert D. Whitaker Shell Projects members of engineering departments of owner/operators; and engineering personnel of engineering and procurement companies, automation vendors and system integrators and other process engineering practitioners. As a technical report, this is an informative docum

22、ent with a scope limited to automated procedures that monitor and control continuous processes. Clause 2, References, provides a list of standards, publications, reference materials and other associated documents that have influenced the content of the technical report. The reference list provides a

23、n easy place to find related materials should the reader want to investigate further. Clause 3, Definitions of Terms and Abbreviations, lists key terminology used throughout and provides clear definitions of terms used within the technical report. Frequently the same or very similar terms may be use

24、d in other standards, references, or within certain industry segments and may have different meanings than used within this technical report. It is requested that readers read this section before going in depth to the remainder of the report. This section should also be used as references for clarif

25、ication should the reader have doubt about the meaning of a specific term when reading the report. Clause 4, Historical Perspective, provides a brief summary of the use of procedures and automation in the continuous process industries up to the time of completion of this technical report. Clause 5,

26、Value Proposition, describes why automated procedures should be used extensively within the continuous process industries. There is a range of benefits available from the application of procedural control for nearly any type of continuous manufacturing business. This section of the technical report

27、should be important to both technical and nontechnical readers. ISA-TR106.00.01-2013 10 Clause 6, Models, provides an informative set of models that can be used to understand how automated procedures fit into existing models used in process control and manufacturing operations management. Similar to

28、 other recent ISA work, the ISA106 committee realizes that models play an important role in understanding how information is communicated and applications are implemented. 11 ISA-TR106.00.01-2013 1 Scope This technical report provides an overview of the benefits, best practices, and language, includ

29、ing terms and definitions, for applying procedure automation across the continuous process industries. In agreement with the scope of the ISA106 Committee, this technical report focuses on automated procedures that primarily reside on systems within the supervisory control, monitoring, and automated

30、 process control section (as defined by ISA-95 functional levels 1 and 2 see clause 2, References) of a production process (as defined by ISA-95 functional level 0). It was not the intent of the committee to have this technical report focus on procedure execution at the operations management functio

31、nal level (as defined by ISA-95 level 3). The interaction with manual procedures is within the scope, but manual procedures are outside the scope of this technical report. Additionally, the focus of this technical report is on continuous processes. However, the contents of the technical report may b

32、e used in other types of process control such as batch or discrete. The technical report is intended to be applicable to process control activities within the basic process control system (BPCS) and its interactions with safety instrumented systems (SIS). Required safety instrumented functions (SIFs

33、) should be analyzed and implemented in accordance with ISA-84 (see clause 2). Since automated procedures often interact with SIS, the creation of automated procedures should be performed in close cooperation with SIS implementation teams. 2 References The following referenced documents are useful f

34、or understanding this technical report. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. These references are broken into three categories, cited references, relevant references and referen

35、ce of interest. These levels reflect the relative importance, relevance or applicability of the individual documents. All documents designated as ISA or ANSI/ISA may be obtained at www.isa.org/findstandards. 2.1 Cited References ANSI/ISA18.2-2009, Management of Alarm Systems for the Process Industri

36、es ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 Part 1 (IEC 61511-1 Mod), Functional Safety: Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry Sector - Part 1: Framework, Definitions, System, Hardware and Software Requirements ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 Part 2 (IEC61511-2 Mod), Functional Safety: Safety Instrumented Syste

37、ms for the Process Industry Sector - Part 2: Guidelines for the Application of ANSI/ISA-84.00.01 Part 1 (IEC61511-1 Mod) - Informative ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 Part 3 (IEC61511-3 Mod), Functional Safety: Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry Sector - Part 3: Guidance for the Determinati

38、on of the Required Safety Integrity Levels - Informative ANSI/ISA-88.00.01-2010, Batch Control Part 1: Models and Terminology ANSI/ISA-95.00.01-2010 (IEC 62264-1 Mod), Enterprise/Control System Integration Part 1: Models and Terminology ANSI/ISA 95.00.02-2010 (IEC 62264-2 Mod), Enterprise/Control Sy

39、stem Integration Part 2: Object Model Attributes ANSI/ISA-95.00.03-2013 (IEC 62264-3 Modified), Enterprise-Control System Integration Part 3: Activity Models of Manufacturing Operations Management IEC 61508-4 ed2.0 b: 2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-re

40、lated systems - Part 4: Definitions and abbreviations IEC 60050, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV online), http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISA-TR106.00.01-2013 12 ISA-TR18.2.4-2012, Enhanced and Advanced Alarm Methods ISA-101 Working Draft R2 June 2011, Human-Machine Interfaces for Process

41、 Automation Systems ISO/IEC 2382-14 ed2.0: 1997, Information technology Vocabulary Part 14: Reliability, maintainability and availability 2.2 Relevant References ANSI/ISA-99.00.01-2007, Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems Part 1: Terminology, Concepts, and Models ANSI/ISA-99.02.01

42、-2009, Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems: Establishing an Industrial Automation and Control Systems Security Program ANSI/ISA-TR99.00.01-2007, Security Technologies for Industrial Automation and Control Systems ASME NQA-1-2012, Quality Assurance Requirements for Nuclear Facility

43、 Applications Bullemer, P., J. Hajdukiewicz, and C. Burns. ASM Consortium Guidelines: Effective Procedural Practices 2010. Phoenix, AZ: Honeywell, 2010. DOE-STD-1029-92, Writers Guide for Technical Procedures. December 1992/Change Notice No. 1 December 1998 http:/www.hss.doe.gov/nuclearsafety/techst

44、ds/docs/standard/s1029cn.pdf Huffman, D. A. Benefits of State Based Control. ABB Whitepaper, 2009. IEEE 730-2002, Standard for Software Quality Assurance Plans IEEE 828-2012, Standard for Configuration Management in Systems and Software Engineering IEEE 829-2008, Standard for Software and System Tes

45、t Documentation IEEE 1012-2012, Standard for System and Software Verification and Validation IEEE 1016-2009, Standard for Information Technology Systems Design Software Design Descriptions IEEE 29148-2011, Systems and software engineering Life cycle processes Requirements engineering ISA-77.22 draft

46、 technical report 07.01.09, Fossil Power Plant Automation. ISA-101 working draft R2 June 2011, Human-Machine Interfaces for Process Automation Systems Norsok Standard I-005 Rev. 2 April 2005, System control diagram 2.3 References of Interest ANSI/ISA91.00.012001, Identification of Emergency Shutdown

47、 Systems and Controls That Are Important to Maintaining Safety in Process Industries Bullemer, P.T, L. Kiff, and A. Tharanathan. “Common Procedural Execution Failure Modes during Abnormal Situations.” Presented at the Mary Kay OConner Process Safety Center International Symposium, College Station, T

48、X, October 2010. Burian, B.K., I. Barshi, and R. K. Dismukes. “Emergency and Abnormal Situations: Aviation and Process Control Industries.” Presented at the Fall Quarterly Meeting of the Abnormal Situation Management Consortium, Richmond, CA, 2003. Errington, J., D. V. Reising, and C. Burns. ASM Con

49、sortium Guidelines, Effective Operator Display Design 2008. Phoenix, AZ : Honeywell, 2008. Jamieson, G.A. and K. J. Vicente. “Designing Effective Human-Automation-PlanInterfaces: A Control-Theoretic Perspective.” Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 47 (1), pp. 12-34 (2005). 13 ISA-TR106.00.01-2013 Kletz, T. et al. Computer Control and Human Error. Rugby, Warwickshire, UK: Institution of Chemical Engineers, 1995. Kletz, T.A. “Living with Human Error on Computer Controlled Plants.” in Foundation