EN ISO 16371-2-2017 en Non-destructive testing - Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging plates - Part 2 General principles for testing of metallic materials .pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Non-destructive testing - Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging platesPart 2: General principles for testing of metallic materials using X-rays and gamma rays (ISO 16371-2:2017)BS EN ISO 16371-2:

2、2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 16371-2 November 2017 ICS 19.100 Supersedes EN 14784-2:2005English Version Non-destructive testing - Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging plates - Part 2: General principles for testing of metallic materials using

3、X-rays and gamma rays (ISO 16371-2:2017) Essais non destructifs - Radiographie industrielle numrise avec crans photostimulables mmoire - Partie 2: Principes gnraux de lessai radiographique des matriaux mtalliques au moyen de rayons X et gamma (ISO 16371-2:2017) Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Industrielle

4、Computer-Radiographie mit Phosphor-Speicherfolien - Teil 2: Grundlagen fr die Prfung von metallischen Werkstoffen mit Rntgen- und Gammastrahlen (ISO 16371-2:2017) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 September 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

5、 which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. Thi

6、s European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN memb

7、ers are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portug

8、al, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in

9、 any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 16371-2:2017 ENational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 163712:2017. It is identical to ISO 163712:2017. It supersedes BS EN 147842:2005, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in

10、 its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/46, Nondestructive testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for it

11、s correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 93285 4ICS 19.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and St

12、rategy Committee on 31 December 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 163712:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 16371-2 November 2017 ICS 19.100 Supersedes EN 14784-2:2005English Version Non-destructive testing - Indu

13、strial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging plates - Part 2: General principles for testing of metallic materials using X-rays and gamma rays (ISO 16371-2:2017) Essais non destructifs - Radiographie industrielle numrise avec crans photostimulables mmoire - Partie 2: Principes gnraux de

14、 lessai radiographique des matriaux mtalliques au moyen de rayons X et gamma (ISO 16371-2:2017) Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Industrielle Computer-Radiographie mit Phosphor-Speicherfolien - Teil 2: Grundlagen fr die Prfung von metallischen Werkstoffen mit Rntgen- und Gammastrahlen (ISO 16371-2:2017) Thi

15、s European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 September 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical refer

16、ences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN

17、 member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

18、, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION

19、EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 16371-2:2017 EBS EN ISO 163712:2017EN ISO 16371-2:2017 (E) 3 European foreword

20、 This document (EN ISO 16371-2:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing”. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national

21、 standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. C

22、EN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14784-2:2005. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium

23、, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, S

24、witzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 16371-2:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16371-2:2017 without any modification. BS EN ISO 163712:2017ISO 16371-2:2017(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Symbols and abbrevia

25、ted terms . 55 Personnel qualification . 66 Classification of computed radiographic techniques and compensation principles 66.1 Classification . 66.2 Compensation principles, CP I and CP II . 67 General 77.1 Protection against ionizing radiation 77.2 Surface preparation and stage of manufacture . 77

26、.3 Identification of radiographs 77.4 Marking . 77.5 Overlap of phosphor imaging plates 77.6 Types and positions of image quality indicators and IQI values 88 Recommended techniques for making computed radiographs 98.1 Test arrangements . 98.2 Choice of X-ray tube voltage and radiation source . 98.2

27、.1 X-ray equipment . 98.2.2 Other radiation sources 108.3 CR systems and screens . 118.3.1 Minimum normalized signal-to-noise ratio .118.3.2 Metal screens and shielding 118.4 Maximum unsharpness and basic spatial resolution for CR system selection .138.4.1 System selection 138.4.2 Compensation princ

28、iple II 138.5 Alignment of beam 158.6 Reduction of scattered radiation 158.6.1 Metal filters and collimators . 158.6.2 Interception of back scattered radiation 158.7 Source to object distance 158.7.1 General requirements .158.7.2 Testing of planar objects and curved objects with flexible IPs .158.7.

29、3 Testing of curved objects with IPs in cassettes .168.7.4 Exceptions for panoramic projection exposures with the source in the centre of the pipe 168.8 Maximum area for a single exposure 188.9 Erasure of imaging plates . 198.10 Data processing . 198.10.1 Image processing 198.10.2 Monitor, viewing c

30、onditions and storage of digital radiographs .199 Test report 19Annex A (normative) Determination of basic spatial resolution, SRbdetector.21Annex B (normative) Determination of normalized SNRNfrom SNRmeasured26Annex C (normative) Determination of minimum grey value .28Bibliography .31 ISO 2017 All

31、rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 163712:2017ISO 16371-2:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO techn

32、ical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely

33、with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria neede

34、d for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent ri

35、ghts. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in th

36、is document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World T

37、rade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) in collaboration with ISO Technical Committee ISO/TC 135, Non-destructive testing, Subcommit

38、tee SC 5, Radiographic testing, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). A list of all parts in the ISO 16371 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 163712:2017INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16371-2:2017(E)

39、Non-destructive testing Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging plates Part 2: General principles for testing of metallic materials using X-rays and gamma rays1 ScopeThis document specifies fundamental techniques of computed radiography with the aim of enabling satisfactory and

40、 repeatable results to be obtained economically. The techniques are based on the fundamental theory of the subject and tests measurements. This document specifies the general rules for industrial computed X-rays and gamma radiography for flaw detection purposes, using storage phosphor imaging plates

41、 (IP). It is based on the general principles for radiographic examination of metallic materials on the basis of films, as specified in ISO 5579. The basic set-up of radiation source, detector and the corresponding geometry are intended to be applied in accordance with ISO 5579 and corresponding prod

42、uct standards such as ISO 17636 for welding and EN 12681 for foundry.This document does not lay down acceptance criteria of the imperfections. Computed radiography (CR) systems provide a digital grey value image which can be viewed and evaluated on basis of a computer only. This practice describes t

43、he recommended procedure for detector selection and radiographic practice. Selection of computer, software, monitor, printer and viewing conditions are important but not the main focus of this document.The procedure it specifies provides the minimum requirements and practice to permit the exposure a

44、nd acquisition of digital radiographs with a sensitivity of imperfection detection equivalent to film radiography and as specified in ISO 5579. Some application standards, e.g. EN 16407, can require different and less stringent practice conditions.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are re

45、ferred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 5579, Non-destructive te

46、sting Radiographic testing of metallic materials using film and X- or gamma rays Basic rulesISO 5580, Non-destructive testing Industrial radiographic illuminators Minimum requirementsISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnelISO 16371-1:2011, Non-destructive t

47、esting Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging plates Part 1: Classification of systemsISO 19232-1, Non-destructive testing Image quality of radiographs Part 1: Determination of the image quality value using wire-type image quality indicatorsISO 19232-2, Non-destructive testing

48、 Image quality of radiographs Part 2: Determination of the image quality value using step/hole-type image quality indicatorsISO 19232-3:2013, Non-destructive testing Image quality of radiographs Part 3: Image quality classes ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 163712:2017ISO 16371-2:2017(E)ISO 1

49、9232-5, Non-destructive testing Image quality of radiographs Part 5: Determination of image unsharpness value using duplex wire-type image quality indicators EN 12543 (all parts), Non-destructive testing Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testingEN 12679, Non-destructive testing Determination of the size of industrial radiographic sources Radiographic method3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms