EN ISO 9173-3-2014 en Dentistry - Extraction forceps - Part 3 Design《牙科学 拔牙钳 第3部分 设计(ISO 9173-3 2014)》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 9173-3:2014Dentistry Extraction forcepsPart 3: DesignBS EN ISO 9173-3:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 9173-3:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CH/106/4, D

2、ental Instruments and Equipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institut

3、ion 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 73905 7ICS 11.060.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2014.Amendments issue

4、d since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 9173-3 May 2014 ICS 11.060.20English Version Dentistry - Extraction forceps - Part 3: Design (ISO 9173-3:2014) Mdecine bucco-dentaire - Daviers - Partie 3: Conception (ISO 9173-3:2014) Zahnheilkunde - Extrak

5、tionszangen - Teil 3: Design (ISO 9173-3:2014) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 April 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alterati

6、on. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by

7、 translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,F

8、inland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZ

9、ATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 9173-3:2014 EBS EN ISO 9173-3:2014EN ISO

10、9173-3:2014 (E)3 ForewordThis document (EN ISO 9173-3:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106 “Dentistry” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 55 “Dentistry” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard,

11、 either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2014.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CE

12、N and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,

13、Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kin

14、gdom.Endorsement noticeThe text of ISO 9173-3:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 9173-3:2014 without any modification.BS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms, definitions and symbols 13.1 Terms an

15、d definitions . 13.2 Symbols . 14 Classification 34.1 General . 34.2 Joint design . 34.3 Handle shape 44.4 Beak shape 55 Handle types . 55.1 General . 55.2 Straight handle 55.3 Curved handle 66 Intended application 8Bibliography 9BS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International

16、Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been esta

17、blished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardiza

18、tion.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance wit

19、h the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent

20、rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explana

21、tion on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this documen

22、t is ISO/TC 106, Dentistry, Subcommittee SC 4, Dental instruments.ISO 9173 consists of the following parts, under the general title Dentistry Extraction forceps: Part 1: General requirements and test methods Part 2: Designation Part 3: Designiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 9173-3:2014INTERN

23、ATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9173-3:2014(E)Dentistry Extraction forceps Part 3: Design1 ScopeThis part of ISO 9173 specifies the design for extraction forceps used in dentistry.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensab

24、le for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 1942, Dentistry VocabularyISO 9173-1, Dentistry Extraction forceps Part 1: General requirements and test methodsI

25、SO 9173-2, Dentistry Extraction forceps Part 2: Designation3 Terms, definitions and symbolsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1942, ISO 9173-1, ISO 9173-2 and the following terms, definitions and symbols apply.3.1 Terms and definitions3.1.1beakfunctional workin

26、g end of forceps which contacts the teeth3.1.2jointconnection point for first and second handles which are pivotally connected3.1.3handlepart which is held in the hand3.2 Symbolsb1beak thicknessb2crown space widthb3beak separationb4beak width (combined)h1beak offset 1h2beak offset 2 ISO 2014 All rig

27、hts reserved 1BS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E)l1overall forceps lengthl2overall beak lengthl3working length of beakThe dimensions are shown in Figure 1. The indication of measurement points with forceps closed is presented in Table 1.Figure 1 Extraction forceps dimensions2 ISO 2014 All rights

28、 reservedBS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E)Table 1 Indication of measurement points with forceps closedSymbol Dimension Measurement pointb1Beak thickness At the beak gripb2Crown space width At maximum widthb3Beak separation At minimum gapb4Beak width (combined) At maximum distance across both b

29、eaksh1Beak offset 1 If h2= 0, from furthest point of beak tip to centreline of for-cepsIf h2 0, from furthest point of beak tip to furthest point of first bendh2Beak offset 2 From centreline of forceps to furthest point of first bendl1Overall forceps length From beak tip to end of handlel2Overall be

30、ak length From beak tip to pivot centrel3Working length of beak From beak tip to outside of the joint4 Classification4.1 GeneralExtraction forceps are used together with dental elevators (see ISO 15087)1to extract teeth. Each extraction forceps is classified by a series of features that describe the

31、 beak, joint and handle shape.4.2 Joint designThe joints of extraction forceps are classified into the following types: circular joint (see Figure 2); lap joint (see Figure 3); box lock Type 1 (see Figure 4); box lock Type 2 (see Figure 5).Extraction forceps shall have joints allowing the extraction

32、 forceps to move freely.For circular joints the usage of a PTFE (poly tetra fluor ethylene) sheet is recommended.Figure 2 Circular joint ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E)Figure 3 Lap jointFigure 4 Box lock Type 1Figure 5 Box lock Type 24.3 Handle shapeThe handles

33、of extraction forceps are classified into the following types: straight handle; curved handle; multiple curved handle.4 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E)4.4 Beak shapeThe beaks of extraction forceps are classified according to their inner areas into the following ty

34、pes:a) coated; non-coated,b) smooth; serrated.The beaks are designed to fit around the cervical portion of the tooth, i.e. around the curve of the tooths crown. Pointed beaks are designed to grip the furcation area.Universal forceps have a beak that can be used in any quadrant of the mouth.Extractio

35、n forceps designed for multi-rooted teeth have beaks with a point that is adapted to grip the tooth furcation.5 Handle types5.1 GeneralThe shape of the handle is left to the discretion of the manufacturer.The surface profile of the handle shall be designed according to the choice of the manufacturer

36、. The knurled handle such as that shown in Figure 6 is given by way of example only. Other handle designs such as the one shown in Figure 8 (e.g. with indentations, anatomical) are also acceptable.The surface of the handle shall be easy to clean.The following handle designs are given as examples:a)

37、a knurled handle allows the operator to have a better grip.b) a palm grasp is used with the handle of the extraction forceps.c) a curve on the end of the handle can be present for the little finger, to provide more stability and leverage.d) maxillary forceps have a handle which is often curved upwar

38、ds, with the beak in line with the handle.e) mandibular forceps have a straight handle with the beak at a 90 angle to the handle.5.2 Straight handle5.2.1 Straight handle Type 1See Figure 6. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 5BS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E)Figure 6 Straight handle Type 15.2.2 Stra

39、ight handle Type 2See Figure 7.Figure 7 Straight handle Type 25.3 Curved handle5.3.1 Curved handle Type 1See Figure 8.Figure 8 Curved handle Type 16 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E)5.3.2 Curved handle Type 2See Figure 9.NOTE This type of handle is also known as a R

40、ead pattern handle.Figure 9 Curved handle Type 25.3.3 Curved handle Type 3See Figure 10.Figure 10 Curved handle Type 35.3.4 Curved handle Type 4See Figure 11. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 7BS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E)Figure 11 Curved handle Type 46 Intended applicationThe combination of t

41、he different designs for beak, joint and handle results in a specific extraction forceps with an intended application. The manufacturer shall indicate the intended application of the extraction forceps in accordance with ISO 9173-2.The usage of extraction forceps is subdivided into application for a

42、dults and for children (smaller forceps). A further design specification is the intended application to specific areas of the oral region or teeth as given in ISO 9173-2.8 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 9173-3:2014ISO 9173-3:2014(E)Bibliography1 ISO 15087 (all parts), Dental elevators ISO 201

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