EN 1369-2012 en Founding - Magnetic particle testing《铸造 磁粉检测》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationFounding Magnetic particle testingBS EN 1369:2012National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1369:2012. It supersedes BS EN 1369:1997 which is withdrawn

2、.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/111, Steel Castings and Forgings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract

3、. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012 ISBN 978 0 580 74701 4 ICS 77.040.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the autho

4、rity of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1369:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1369 October 2012 ICS 19.100; 77.180 Supersedes EN 1369:1996English Version Founding - Magn

5、etic particle testing Fonderie - Contrle par magntoscopie Gieereiwesen - Magnetpulverprfung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 September 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the s

6、tatus of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,

7、 German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cr

8、oatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and

9、 United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1369:20

10、12: EBS EN 1369:2012EN 1369:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Conditions for magnetic particle testing .54 Method of testing .64.1 Operating mode .64.2 Qualification of the operators .64.3 Surface preparation .64.4 Conditions of testing .65 Acceptan

11、ce criteria 65.1 Indications of discontinuities .65.2 Definition of magnetic particle indications .75.3 Severity levels 86 Classification of the indications and interpretation of results .96.1 Classification of the indications using Tables 1 and 2 96.2 Classification of the indications using the ref

12、erence figures .96.3 Interpretation of results 97 Cleaning after examination and demagnetization . 108 Test report . 10Annex A (normative) Conversion of severity levels of linear (LM) and aligned (AM) indications . 12Annex B (Informative) Nature of discontinuities and types of corresponding magnetic

13、 particle indications . 13Annex C (informative) Reference figures Non-linear indications designated SM 14Annex D (informative) Reference figures Linear and aligned indications designated LM and AM 17Annex E (informative) Model of a magnetic particle test report 21Annex F (informative) Significant te

14、chnical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition of EN 1369 . 23Bibliography . 24BS EN 1369:2012EN 1369:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1369:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This Euro

15、pean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the element

16、s of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1369:1996. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 11 “Surface inspection“

17、to revise EN 1369:1996. Annex F provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard:

18、 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,

19、Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1369:2012EN 1369:2012 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard complements the general principles of magnetic particle testing given in EN ISO 9934-1 for the additional requirements for castings. Magnetic particle testing as well as any othe

20、r non-destructive examination method is a part of a general or specific assessment of the quality of a casting to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of acceptance of the order. This European Standard also gives acceptance criteria through severity levels defined by the

21、nature, the area and the dimensions of the discontinuities present. BS EN 1369:2012EN 1369:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a magnetic particle testing method for ferro-magnetic iron and steel castings. NOTE An iron or steel casting is considered to be ferro-magnetic if the magnet

22、ic induction is greater than 1 T (Tesla) for a magnetic field strength of 2,4 kA/m. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For un

23、dated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnel (ISO 9712:2012) EN ISO 3059, Non-destructive testing Penetrant testing and magnetic particle testing Viewing condi

24、tions (ISO 3059) EN ISO 9934-1, Non-destructive testing Magnetic particle testing Part 1: General principles (ISO 9934-1) EN ISO 9934-2, Non-destructive testing Magnetic particle testing Part 2: Detection media (ISO 9934-2) 3 Conditions for magnetic particle testing The manufacturing stage(s) when m

25、agnetic particle testing is to be performed shall be clearly defined by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of ordering. The methods detailed in this standard shall only apply to the agreed surfaces of the castings and the percentage or number of castings to be checked.

26、The areas of the castings and the percentage of the castings to be inspected shall be indicated in the enquiry. The sensitivity can differ depending on the method of magnetic particle testing selected. The order shall specify at least: a) the method to be used (type of detection media); b) whether t

27、he casting is to be demagnetized after testing has been performed (viz. maximum residual field strength values). And for each area of the casting to be inspected (see Clauses 5 and 6), the following shall be specified: c) the type of discontinuity; d) the severity level. NOTE The type of discontinui

28、ty and the severity level can vary depending on the area of the casting inspected. For the classification, depending on the shape of the indication of the discontinuities (see Annex B), reference shall be made to the severity levels defined in Tables 1 and 2 (see 6.1). The conversion from the severi

29、ty levels specified in EN 1369:1996 1 Table 3 to severity levels in Table 2 of the present edition is given in Table A.1. BS EN 1369:2012EN 1369:2012 (E) 6 The indications resulting from a testing can be compared to the reference figures. The reference figures are included for convenience only. In t

30、he event of a dispute, reference shall be made to the tables. 4 Method of testing 4.1 Operating mode The operating mode shall be as described in EN ISO 9934-1. Detection media shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 9934-2. Unless otherwise specified, it is necessary to carry out the

31、testing with magnetizing sequentially in two directions perpendicular to each other (see EN ISO 9934-1), in order to ensure that each discontinuity runs against the flux in at least one direction. When the direction of stress is known, the testing may be performed in one direction only, in order to

32、take into account the most detrimental discontinuity. NOTE The magnetic images need not necessarily correspond to discontinuities as pseudo-defects can appear. 4.2 Qualification of the operators Unless otherwise agreed, the testing shall be performed by personnel, qualified in accordance with EN ISO

33、 9712 or by a certification scheme which is considered to be equivalent. 4.3 Surface preparation The surface to be inspected shall be clean, free from rust, sand, scale, moulding and mould coating residues, oil, grease or any other contaminant which can interfere with a correct testing. If sand blas

34、ting or shot blasting is required, it shall be as light as possible, in order to avoid sealing or closing up possible discontinuities. The surface to be tested may be painted to provide a contrast before testing (see EN ISO 9934-1). To detect the smallest indication to be considered, the surface fin

35、ish shall be in accordance with Table 3, unless otherwise specified at the time of ordering. It is recommended that the assessment of surface finish be carried out using a visual tactile surface roughness comparator rather than an instrumental method (see EN 1370 2). 4.4 Conditions of testing The te

36、sting shall be carried out with the naked eye or at a maximum magnification of three and viewing conditions in conformity with EN ISO 3059. 5 Acceptance criteria 5.1 Indications of discontinuities The discontinuities that are usually seen on a casting are given in Annex B in the nomenclature (A, B,

37、C, D, E, F, H or K). These discontinuities can give indications, magnetic diagrams and groups of indications on any given surface. These indications can all be of different types. BS EN 1369:2012EN 1369:2012 (E) 7 5.2 Definition of magnetic particle indications 5.2.1 General The discontinuity indica

38、tions revealed by the magnetic particle testing can have different shapes and sizes. The distinction between the discontinuity indications is made depending on the ratio of the length L of the indication to its width W in the manner described in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3. 5.2.2 Non-linear indications (SM) The

39、 indications are considered to be non-linear when the length L is smaller than three times the width W. The symbol for non-linear indications is SM (S for surface and M for magnetic particle). 5.2.3 Linear and aligned indications (LM and AM) 5.2.3.1 Linear indications (LM) The indications are consid

40、ered to be linear when the length L is greater than or equal to 3 W. The symbol for linear indications is LM (L for linear and M for magnetic particle). 5.2.3.2 Aligned indications (AM) Indications are considered to be aligned in the following cases: non linear: the distance between indications is l

41、ess than 2 mm and at least three indications are noted; linear: the distance between two indications is smaller than the length L of the longest discontinuity in the alignment. An alignment of indications is considered to be a unique indication. Its length is equal to the overall length L of the ali

42、gnment. The overall length L is the developed distance between the starting point of the first discontinuity and the finishing point of the last discontinuity. EXAMPLE L = l1+l2+l3+l4+l5(see Figure 1). Figure 1 Example for L The symbol for aligned indications is AM (A for aligned and M for magnetic

43、particle). BS EN 1369:2012EN 1369:2012 (E) 8 5.3 Severity levels 5.3.1 General The severity levels are designed as a reference scale and are defined depending on the types of indications. 5.3.2 Non-linear indications For the non-linear indications, the severity levels (see Table 1) are defined by: t

44、he length (largest dimension) L1of the smallest indication to be taken into account; if applicable, the maximum total surface area of the indications in a given surface (the frame 105 mm 148 mm corresponds to the ISO format A6); the maximum length L2of the indications. 5.3.3 Linear and aligned indic

45、ations For the linear and aligned indications, the severity levels (see Table 2) are defined by: the length (largest dimension) L1of the smallest indication to be taken into account; the maximum length L2,isolated or cumulative, of the linear and aligned indications. 5.3.4 Selection of the severity

46、level The severity levels shall be selected from Tables 1 and/or 2: Table 1 corresponds to non-linear indications (isolated) (SM); Table 2 corresponds to linear (LM) indications and aligned (AM) indications. Reference figures corresponding to non-linear, aligned and clustered indications in accordan

47、ce with Table 1 and Table 2 are represented in Annexes C and D for guidance only. Table 1 and Table 2 are independent (different severity levels may be selected from these tables). 5.3.5 Designation of severity levels The requirements in the order or in the specifications shall conform to the termin

48、ology used in this European Standard. Examples of correct terminology are given below. EXAMPLE 1 non-linear indications: severity level 2 (abbreviation SM 2) (see 5.2.2). EXAMPLE 2 linear and aligned indications: severity level 5 (abbreviation LM 5/AM 5) (see 5.2.3). BS EN 1369:2012EN 1369:2012 (E)

49、9 6 Classification of the indications and interpretation of results 6.1 Classification of the indications using Tables 1 and 2 6.1.1 General In order to classify a discontinuity indication, it is necessary to place a 105 mm 148 mm frame in the most unfavourable location, i.e. showing the greatest severity for discontinuities. 6.1.2 Non-linear indications The length of these indications shall be measured. Only those indications with