EN 1093-2-2006 en Safety of machinery - Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances - Part 2 Tracer gas method for the measurement of the emission rate of a given p.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1093-2:2006 +A1:2008Safety of machinery Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances Part 2: Tracer gas method for the measurement of the emission rate of a given pollutantICS 13.040.40; 13.110g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g4

2、0g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2007 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 6096

3、8 8National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008. It supersedes BS EN 1093-2:2006, which is withdrawn.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of

4、the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/3, Safeguarding of machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This pub

5、lication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments31 J anuary 2009 Implementati

6、on of CEN amendment A1:2008EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1093-2:2006+A1 June 2008 ICS 13.040.40 Supersedes EN 1093-2:2006 English Version Safety of machinery - Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances - Part 2: Tracer gas method for the measurement of the em

7、ission rate of a given pollutant Scurit des machines - Evaluation de lmission de substances dangereuses vhicules par lair - Partie 2: Mthode par traage pour lvaluation du dbit dmission dun polluant donn Sicherheit von Maschinen - Bewertung der Emission von luftgetragenen Gefahrstoffen - Teil 2: Trac

8、ergasverfahren zur Messung der Emissionsrate eines bestimmten luftverunreinigenden Stoffes This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 November 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 18 May 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate

9、the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exist

10、s in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bo

11、dies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. E

12、UROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008: EE

13、N 1093-2:2006+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Principle5 5 Location of the machine .5 5.1 General5 5.2 Test room method5 5.3 Field method.6 6 Apparatus and materials.6 7 Measurement points7 8 Procedure .8 9 Data an

14、alysis8 10 Expression of results 9 11 Test report 10 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC 12 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/4

15、2/EC“.13 BS EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard,

16、either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2008. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-05-18. This document supersedes EN 1093-2:2006. The start an

17、d finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU

18、 Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ This part 2 of EN 1093 Safety of machinery Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances belongs to a series of documents, the other parts of which are the following: Part 1: Selection of test

19、 methods; Part 3: Test bench method for the measurement of the emission rate of a given pollutant; Part 4: Capture efficiency of an exhaust system Tracer method; Part 6: Separation efficiency by mass, unducted outlet; Part 7: Separation efficiency by mass, ducted outlet; Part 8: Pollutant concentrat

20、ion parameter, test bench method; Part 9: Pollutant concentration parameter, room method; Part 11: Decontamination index. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium

21、, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008

22、EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard is a type B standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1. The provisions of this European Standard can be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. NOTE For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been

23、designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type B standard. BS EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method to enable measurements of the e

24、mission rates of gaseous substances from a single machine, whose operation can be controlled, using tracer gas techniques. This European Standard is not applicable to machinery which is manufactured before the date of its publication as an EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced document

25、s are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1093-1, Safety of machinery Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous sub

26、stances Part 1: Selection of test methods. EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003). 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1093-1, EN ISO

27、 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 tracer gas technique use of gaseous substances with an aerodynamic behaviour comparable with the gaseous hazardous substance under consideration and for which concentrations can be reliably measured 4 Principle The principle is based on the use of a tracer

28、gas generated at a known and constant emission rate to provide the best representation of the pollutant source. The mean tracer gas and pollutant concentrations are measured in the vicinity of the source. Assuming that the aerodynamic behaviour of the pollutant is equal to that of the tracer gas, th

29、e pollutant emission rate can be determined. 5 Location of the machine 5.1 General The method is intended for use for a machine located either in a test room or in the field. 5.2 Test room method The general airflow patterns in the test room should be characterised to enable more precise control of

30、the general and local ventilation to be achieved. The machine should be placed in the centre of the room. BS EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008 (E) 6 5.3 Field method Many machines cannot be tested in a test room because they are too large, too difficult to handle or have special installat

31、ion or process requirements. Tests may be performed on machines in the places where they are installed, i.e. the workplace. For this purpose, it shall be ensured that pollutants from other emission sources present in the room shall not affect the measurements of the concentrations of the specific po

32、llutant emitted from the machine under test. 6 Apparatus and materials 6.1 Tracer gas emitter, capable of providing a release of the tracer gas in the same manner as the pollutant emission. The shape of the emitter should resemble the shape of the real pollutant source. A distinction is generally dr

33、awn between: point sources (e.g. welding operations, localised leaks from gaskets, flanges, localised spraying, such as painting jet); plane sources (e.g. open vessel or tank containing liquid or melted solid liable to evaporate or sublimate, such as galvanising baths, electroplating baths); volumet

34、ric sources (e.g. closed machine with distributed leaks, rubber making machine, printing machine, degreaser, dry cleaning machine, diffuse spraying, such as plant-care products in agriculture). Point sources should be simulated by opened tubes producing jets of variable aerodynamic characteristics o

35、r by sintered materials diffusing the tracer gas at a low initial velocity. Plane and volumetric sources should be simulated by a network of point sources or perforated tubes, which are suitably distributed. 6.2 Tracer gas flow rate measuring device, capable of measuring tracer gas flow rates in the

36、 appropriate range. NOTE The tracer gas flow rate depends on the sensitivity of the tracer gas analyser. For most applications a device calibrated to measure flow rates in the range from 1 l min-1to 10 l min-1is suitable. 6.3 Tracer gas flow rate adjusting device, e.g. a valve. 6.4 Gas analyser(s),

37、preferably direct reading. An alternative method of measuring the pollutant concentration is to collect the gas on vapour absorption tubes for later analysis, in the laboratory, using gas analyser(s). The gas analyser(s) should be selected to avoid any interference from any chemical substances prese

38、nt, other than the pollutant and tracer gas, in the test room or workplace where the machine under test is situated. Calibrations shall be carried out according to European or International Standards. NOTE The choice of gas analyser depends upon the tracer gas and pollutant to be measured. Suitable

39、analysers include infrared, electron capture, FID analysers, or mass spectrometer. Their performances should be checked before use. The analysers used should not be susceptible to change in environmental conditions such as temperature and relative humidity. 6.5 Connecting piping, for connection of t

40、he sampled tracer gas and pollutant gas to the analysers. The piping length should be as short as possible and the material chosen to limit adsorption on the piping walls e.g. PTFE. If the machine is located in a dirty workplace atmosphere particle filters should be fitted. For adsorption tubes the

41、piping length upstream should be shorter. 6.6 Tracer gas; it shall be selected in accordance with the following criteria: BS EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008 (E) 7 a) nil or very low toxicity; b) chemical stability at the intended process temperature; c) easily measurable at low concentr

42、ations; d) non-interference with pollutants present in the room; e) low background level. The tracer gas chosen should have a relative density close to 1. The tracer gas can be mixed with an appropriate gas. NOTE The choice of the tracer gas and associated analyser depends, in particular, on the des

43、ired accuracy, the measurement range and the cost. The gases normally used are helium, sulphur hexafluoride and nitrous oxide. 7 Measurement points There should be at least three measurement points around the machine (see Figure 1). These should be positioned close to the machine, e.g. between 1 m a

44、nd 3 m and at the height where the pollutant is generated. At each measurement point both tracer gas and pollutant concentrations are measured. The measurement points should be determined by pre-testing to ensure that they are in zones of measurable emission. Key 1 to 4 measurement points 5 pollutan

45、t source 6 mixing fan Figure 1 Example of the location of four measurement points in a test room BS EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008EN 1093-2:2006+A1:2008 (E) 8 8 Procedure 8.1 Prepare the machine in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 8.2 Position the tracer gas emitter as close to the source of

46、the pollutant from the machine as possible so that the tracer gas will be mixed with the pollutant before emission into the atmosphere. 8.3 Ensure that the air exhausted from the room is not re-circulated. 8.4 Switch on the gas analysers and allow to stabilize according to the instructions for use.

47、8.5 Connect the cylinder of tracer gas to its flow meter and its adjusting device and to the tracer gas emitter. 8.6 Set up the tracer gas and pollutant measurement points. Ensure that for each measurement point the tracer gas and pollutant samplers are positioned as close to one another as possible

48、. If the measurements are to be carried out in a dirty atmosphere fit particle filters to the tracer gas and pollutant sample lines. 8.7 Measure the background concentrations of the pollutant and tracer gas before and after the test. 8.8 Switch on the machine and tracer gas supply. A preliminary tes

49、t should be carried out to ensure that the pollutant and tracer gas concentrations are within the calibrated range of the analysers. If this is not achieved, either move the measurement point until it is within range, or in the case of the pollutant gas analyser, adjust the range. For the tracer gas adjust the flow rate until it is within the calibrated range of the tracer gas analyser. 8.9 Switch off the machine and tracer gas and allow the tracer gas concentrations to return to a stable level (zero or background). 8.10 Record