BS 5381-7-1997 Methods for determination of physical properties of tobacco and tobacco products - Loss of tobacco from cigarette ends using a rotating cylindrical cage《烟草和烟草制品物理性能测.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5381-7: 1997 ISO 3550-1: 1997 Methods for determination of physical properties of tobacco and tobacco products Part 7: Loss of tobacco from cigarette ends using a rotating cylindrical cage ICS 65.160BS5381-7:1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof t

2、he Consumer Products and Services Sector Board, was published under theauthority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 November 1997 BSI 04-2000 ISBN 0 580 28803 X National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatimISO3550-1:1997 and implements it as the UK national standard. Th

3、e UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AW/40, Tobacco and tobacco products, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for cha

4、nge, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or E

5、uropean publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the n

6、ecessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, th

7、eISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 7 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS5381-7:19

8、97 BSI 04-2000 i Contents Page National foreword Inside front cover Foreword iii Text of ISO 3550-1 1ii blankBS5381-7:1997 ii BSI 04-2000 Contents Page Foreword iii Introduction 1 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Principle 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Sampling 2 6 Procedure 2 7 Calculation of specific toba

9、cco fallout values 3 8 Test report 4 Annex A (normative) Criteria for cigarette ends loss tester 5 Annex B (informative) Regression analysis for the calculation of the number of cigarettes 7 Annex C (informative) Example of counting tray 7 Figure 1 Practical tester layout 2 Figure A.1 5 Figure A.2 6

10、 Figure C.1 7 Table 1 3 Table A.1 Theoretical rod positions 6 Descriptors: Cigarettes, tests, mechanical tests, determination, losses, tobacco, test equipment.BS5381-7:1997 BSI 04-2000 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standar

11、ds bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organi

12、zations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are cir

13、culated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 3550-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 126, Tobacco and tobacco products, Subcommittee SC 1, Physical and dim

14、ensional tests. ISO3550 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cigarettes Determination of loss of tobacco from the ends: Part 1: Method using a rotating cylindrical cage; Part 2: Method using a rotating cubic box (sismelatophore). Annex A forms an integral part of this part of ISO

15、 3550. Annex B and Annex C are for information only.iv blankBS5381-7:1997 BSI 04-2000 1 Introduction The loss of tobacco from cigarette ends, which particularly affects short strands, is a nuisance for the industry as well as for the consumer. From this standpoint, the greater a cigarettes resistanc

16、e to loss from its ends, the higher its quality. The measuring devices available are based on the rotation of a cigarette-containing device. This International Standard describes two particular types of device. The first, described in this part of ISO3550, comprises a rotating cylindrical cage throu

17、gh which tobacco is allowed to fall into a weighing vessel; the second, described in ISO3550-2, uses a cubic box rotating about its main diagonal axis. The first system principally permits determination of losses undergone by the cigarette during the manufacturing and packaging processes, and the se

18、cond one losses undergone throughout the distribution network and in the smokers pocket. The two methods are not mutually exclusive and other acceptable methods exist which are based upon slightly different types of device. 1 Scope This part of ISO3550 specifies a method for the determination of los

19、s of tobacco from cigarette ends using a rotating cylindrical cage. It applies mainly to cigarettes sampled on the manufacturing site, before or after packaging. NOTEA method for the determination of loss of tobacco from the ends, using a cubic rotating box (sismelatophore), is described in ISO3550-

20、2. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part ofISO3550. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part

21、 of ISO3550 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 2971:, Cigarettes and filters rods Determination of nominal diameter Method using

22、 the laser beam measuring device 1) . ISO 3402:1991, Tobacco and tobacco products Atmosphere for conditioning and testing. ISO 6488:, Tobacco Determination of water content Karl Fischer method 2) . ISO 8243:1991, Cigarettes Sampling. 3 Principle A test portion of a given number of cigarettes is plac

23、ed in a cylinder (cage) of elliptical cross section, which is formed of closely spaced parallel rods. During the test the cage rotates around its horizontally positioned longitudinal axis and the cigarettes tumble in the cage. The amount of tobacco fallout from the open ends of the cigarettes is det

24、ermined. The test conditions depend on the size and shape of the cage, the diameter and the spacing of the rods, the rotational speed of the cage, the number of revolutions per test, and the number of cigarettes per test portion which in turn depends on the diameter of the cigarettes. As a first res

25、ult of the test, the mass m Lof tobacco falling from the test portion is determined. From this mass and the physical dimensions of the test cigarette, the loss of tobacco per open end and per unit cross-section of open end is determined. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Conditioning chamber, capable of controlling t

26、he enclosed atmosphere in accordance with the requirements of ISO 3402. 4.2 Cigarette ends loss tester, complying with the following requirements. a) The main part of the tester shall consist of a cage having an elliptical cross section formed from a number of round stainless-steel rods. The spacing

27、 between adjacent rods shall be smaller than the diameter of the cigarettes to be tested but wide enough for any strands of tobacco lost from the test portion during a test to fall through. The positioning of the rods and their spacing shall be as detailed in Annex A. b) Bearings shall be provided a

28、t the centre point of each elliptical end face to enable the cage to be held horizontally and allowing it be rotated about its longitudinal axis. c) To permit tests to be carried out simultaneously on more than one test portion or on test portions from different samples, the cage may be equipped wit

29、h one or more dividers along its length so as to create several test compartments. 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 2971:1987) 2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 6488:1981)BS5381-7:1997 2 BSI 04-2000 d) Each test compartment shall be equipped with one movable end plate in addition to its fixed

30、 end face, so that the effective length of the compartment can be adjusted to match the length of the cigarettes under test. e) Each test compartment shall be provided with means of opening to allow for loading and unloading of its test portion and with a removable pan arranged beneath it to collect

31、 all of the tobacco which falls out from the ends of the cigarettes during the test. f) The tester shall be equipped with a drivesystem capable of rotating the cage and itscontents at a rotational speed of 90r/min 1r/min. The drive system shall be controlled by a preset counter that stops the rotati

32、on of the cage automatically when the specified number of revolutions is reached. For normal testing, 270 revolutions is specified. See Figure 1 for a schematic diagram of a tester. 4.3 Device for the measurement of the diameter of the cigarettes, in accordance with ISO2971. 4.4 Analytical balance,

33、capable of weighing to an accuracy of + 0,000 1 g. 4.5 Ruler, with graduations in millimetres. 4.6 Counting trays (optional) for filling a defined number of cigarettes for use as the test portion. The dimensions of the tray depend on the number of cigarettes in the test portion which, in turn, depen

34、ds on the diameter. Annex C shows an example of a counting tray. NOTEA counting tray is a useful device for selecting a defined number of cigarettes in a time-saving and error-free manner. The dimensions of the counting tray depend on the number of cigarettes and their diameter. The example given in

35、 Annex C is a counting tray for 50 cigarettes of 8,0 mm diameter. 5 Sampling Carry out sampling in accordance with one of the procedures given in ISO8243 where applicable or, if not, by a procedure relevant to the aim of the test. In the latter case, an appropriate reference to, or details of, the s

36、ampling procedure used shall be given in the test report. 6 Procedure 6.1 Conditioning of test sample Place the test sample in the conditioning chamber(4.1) and condition the sample in accordance with ISO3402. 6.2 Determination of water content Take a test portion from the test sample conditioned as

37、 specified in 6.1 and determine the water content in accordance with ISO6488. NOTEAlthough the water content is not used when calculating the loss of tobacco from cigarette ends, it may affect the results considerably. The water content should, therefore, be determined and reported. 6.3 Preparation

38、for the test 6.3.1 Determine the mean diameter of the cigarettes to be tested to the nearest 0,01 mm in accordance with ISO2971 and also their mean length (l), to the nearest 0,5 mm using the ruler (4.5). 6.3.2 As the test portion, select from the conditioned test sample the number of cigarettes spe

39、cified in Table 1 for the measured diameter. 6.3.3 Set the adjustable end plate(s) of the test compartment(s) to give a distance between the end faces of l + (5 1) mm. 6.3.4 Check that the fallout pans are clean and weigh them to the nearest 0,001 g. Figure 1 Practical tester layoutBS5381-7:1997 BSI

40、 04-2000 3 6.4 Determination 6.4.1 Operate in the test atmosphere specified in ISO 3402. 6.4.2 Taking care to avoid damage to the cigarettes, transfer the test portion(s) to the test compartment(s). 6.4.3 Close the test compartment(s) and the cover of the tester, reset the counter and start the test

41、. 6.4.4 Once the drive stops after 270 revolutions, remove the fallout pans and weigh them again to the nearest 0,001g. Calculate the fallout quantity for each test portion. Discard the cigarettes tested. 6.4.5 Repeat the test 5 to 10 times depending on the accuracy desired. 7 Calculation of specifi

42、c tobacco fallout values 7.1 End-related tobacco fallout The mass of the end-related tobacco fallout, m LOE , in milligrams per open end, is given by 7.2 Area-related tobacco fallout The mass of the area-related tobacco fallout, m LOA , in milligrams per square centimetre of open end, is given by wh

43、ere NOTEq OEis equal to 1 for filter cigarettes and 2 for plain cigarettes. Table 1 m L is the mass of fallout, in milligrams, related to the test portion; A is the area, in square centimetres, of one open end, to the nearest 0,01 cm 2 ; q is the number of cigarettes in the test portion; q OE is the

44、 number of open ends per cigarette. Diameter of the cigarettes tested (mm) Number of cigarettes for one test portion 5,00 5,10 5,20 5,30 5,40 5,50 5,60 5,70 5,80 5,90 6,00 6,10 6,20 6,30 6,40 6,50 6,60 6,70 6,80 6,90 7,00 7,10 7,20 7,30 7,40 7,50 7,60 7,70 7,80 7,90 8,00 8,10 8,20 8,30 8,40 8,50 8,6

45、0 8,70 8,80 8,90 9,00 128 123 118 114 110 106 102 98 95 92 89 86 83 80 78 76 73 71 69 67 65 63 61 60 58 57 55 54 52 51 50 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 NOTESee in Annex B the regression analysis for calculation of the number of cigarettes.BS5381-7:1997 4 BSI 04-2000 8 Test report The test report sha

46、ll include the following information: all information necessary for the complete identification of the tested sample(s); characteristic data of cigarettes (length, diameter, number of open ends); method and date of sampling; date of testing; number of cigarettes in the test sample; rotation speed an

47、d number of revolutions if they differ from those specified in 4.2 f); water content; number of single measuring results; mean value for the single measuring results; minimum and maximum value of single measuring results; standard deviation for the single measuring results if their number is 3; coef

48、ficient of variation for the single measuring results if their number is 3. It shall also mention any operating conditions not specified in this part of ISO 3550 as well as any circumstances which may have influenced the results.BS5381-7:1997 BSI 04-2000 5 Annex A (normative) Criteria for cigarette

49、ends loss tester A.1 Rotation speed The rotational speed see 4.2 f) of the test cage is specified to be 90 r/min 1 r/min. If a different rotation speed is used, it shall be stated in the test report. A.2 Number of revolutions The number of revolutions per test see 4.2 f) is specified to be 270. If a different number of revolutions is used, it shall be stated in the test report. A.3 Test cage The test cage is formed by 44 rods of stainless steel with a diameter of 3 mm 0,05 mm. The centres of the rods are