ASTM F2825-2010e1 Standard Practice for Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel Delivery《单个包裹交货用包装系统气候压力适应性规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2825 101Standard Practice forClimatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single ParcelDelivery1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2825; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las

2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTETable 1 was editorially corrected in December 2010.1. Scope1.1 This practice provides a uniform basis for evaluating, ina labora

3、tory, the ability of a packaging system to withstand arange of climatic stresses that a packaging system may beexposed to during distribution throughout the world and stillprovide the product protection from damage or alteration.1.2 This practice is designed as conditioning prior to testingfor overn

4、ight or two-day delivery systems of a single parcelpackaging system or as a standalone test for climatic stressingof packaging systems.1.3 This practice does not cover refrigerated, frozen foodstorage, or cryogenic storage conditions. Only the climaticenvironments encountered in various regions of t

5、he world arecovered by this practice.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI

6、units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, orPackaging Components for TestingE337 Test Method for Measuring Hu

7、midity with a Psy-chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-peratures)F17 Terminology Relating to Flexible Barrier Packaging2.2 ISO Standard:3ISO 2233 PackagingComplete, Filled Transport Pack-ages: Conditioning for Testing3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions used in this practice,

8、seeTerminologies D996 and F17.3.1.1 climatic stressingexposing packaging system testsamples to conditions of temperature and humidity for aspecified period of time which would simulate expectedconditions seen in the defined storage and distribution system.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Products shipped t

9、hrough the distribution environment,regardless of mode of transportation, encounter various cli-matic and physical environments as they pass through differentparts of the world at various times of the year. This practice isdesigned to provide guidance when establishing the climaticstresses imparted

10、to packaging systems using expected climaticconditions and durations that they can encounter in distributionin order to evaluate its ability to provide protection to thepackage contents or devices.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice provides a method for conditioning pack-aging systems using cl

11、imatic conditions that occur in actualdistribution. The recommended exposure levels are based onavailable information on shipping, handling and storage envi-ronments, current industry practices, and published studies.They are not absolute extremes, but recorded daily averages incold and hot climates

12、 of the world.6. Apparatus6.1 Room (or Cabinet) of such size that sample containersor packages may be individually exposed to circulating air atthe temperature and relative humidity chosen.6.1.1 Control Apparatus, capable of maintaining the room atthe required atmospheric conditions within the toler

13、ance limits.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on FlexibleBarrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.50 onPackage Design and Development.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. DOI:10.1520/F282510E01.2For referenced ASTM

14、 standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th

15、Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.2 HygrometerThe instrument used to indicate the rela-tive humidity should be accurate to 62 % relative humidity. Apsychrometer may be use

16、d either for direct measurement ofrelative humidity or for checking the hygrometer (see TestMethod E337).6.3 ThermometerAny temperature-measuring device maybe used provided it can accurately indicate the temperature towithin 0.1C or 0.2F. The dry-bulb thermometer of thepsychrometer may be used eithe

17、r for direct measurement or forchecking the temperature-indicating device.7. Procedure7.1 Define Packaging SystemDescribe the packaging sys-tem in terms of size, weight, and materials of construction andestablish the unit of test (shipping box, multipack, pallet load,and so forth).7.2 Identify the v

18、arious modes and durations of transporta-tion that will be used to store and distribute the products tocustomers. For example, the product will be delivered to itsdestination via truck and air over a two-day transit period.7.3 When used as a standalone test, predetermine theacceptance criteria.7.4 W

19、rite a test plan using the sequence, conditions andexposure times cited in Table 1. If data is available for theusers distribution environment indicating different conditionsand exposure times, they should be used.NOTE 1Exposing packaging system materials to warm/humid cli-matic stresses first may c

20、ause the materials to absorb moisture that mayremain with the materials throughout the remaining exposures.7.5 Conditions and exposure times may be based on knownstorage and distribution systems and conditions.7.6 Test Specimen:7.6.1 Test specimens should consist of representative pack-aging systems

21、, including actual contents or devices. Contentswith blemishes or minor defects may be used if the defectivecomponent is not to be studied and if the defect is documentedin the report. Simulated contents are also acceptable as long asthey duplicate the load characteristics of the actual contents.7.6

22、.2 Care must be taken to ensure that no degradation hasoccurred to both the packaging system and the contents prior toinitiating the climatic stress exposure. This is particularlyimportant in situations where the samples are shipped to aremote test site.7.7 Perform climatic conditioning per the plan

23、.7.8 Continue with the packaging system performance test orevaluate the results of the conditioning against any predeter-mined acceptance criteria when performing a standalone test.8. Climatic Conditions8.1 The conditions listed in Table 1 are based on industryexperience, global climate, time produc

24、ts spend in distributionsystems and guidance from Practice D4332 and ISO 2233.9. Report9.1 The report shall include the following:9.1.1 Temperature, relative humidity, and time of exposure.9.1.1.1 Preconditioning atmosphere and time of exposurewhen used.9.1.2 Statement of compliance with this proced

25、ure.9.1.3 Variations from this procedure, including the testingtemperature and relative humidity, if different from the condi-tioning atmosphere, the time elapsed, and so forth.9.1.4 When used as a standalone test, whether the accep-tance criteria have been met and the nature of noncompliance.10. Pr

26、ecision and Bias10.1 A statement of precision and bias is not applicable tothis practice.11. Keywords11.1 desert; distribution environment; freeze; handling;packaging systems; shipping; storage conditions; transit; tropi-calTABLE 1 Climatic ConditionsNOTEThe time between each condition should be doc

27、umented in the test plan. It can be determined by the user. It may be as little as no time betweenconditions (worst case) or up to several hours depending on factors as distribution environment data, test facility capacities and test schedules. If theanticipated time between exposures will exceed on

28、e hour, a controlled storage condition such as 23 6 5C and 50 6 10 % relative humidity (RH) shouldbe considered.Condition Description Temperature Relative Humidity Exposure Time1 Cold 20 6 3C not specified 4 h +30 min/02 Controlled Room Conditions 23 6 5C 50 6 10 % See Note above3 Hot/Dry 50 6 3C 25

29、 6 5 % 4 h +30 min/04 Controlled Room Conditions 23 6 5C 50 6 10 % See Note above5 Warm/Humid 30 6 3C 90 6 5 % 4 h +30 min/06 Controlled Room Conditions 23 6 5C 50 6 10 % See Note aboveEditorially corrected.F2825 1012BIBLIOGRAPHY(1) Ritter, S., “How Hot? How Wet? How High?”,Valley Labs, BoulderCO, I

30、STA Con 2001 Conference.(2) Kipp, B. and Russell, P., “European Express Shipping/Drop/ImpactStudy”, International Safe Transit Association Dimensions 06Conference.(3) Cowland, R., “Global Thermal Profile Development”, InternationalSafe Transit Association Dimensions 07 Conference.(4) “Climates of th

31、e World,” published by the US Department ofCommerce and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA).ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised

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33、pproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If yo

34、u feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual

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