ASTM F963-2017 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety《玩具安全的标准消费者安全规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: F963 16F963 17 An American National StandardStandard Consumer Safety Specification forToy Safety1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F963; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las

2、t revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this consumer safety specification is to establish nationally recognized safetyrequirements for toys. Although

3、 this specification will not eliminate the need for the exercise ofparental responsibility in selecting toys appropriate to the age of a child, or parental supervision insituations in which children of various ages may have access to the same toys, its application willminimize accidents in the norma

4、l, intended use and reasonably foreseeable abuse of the toys coveredby this specification. This specification was developed originally as a Voluntary Product Standardunder the auspices of the National Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce, and published in1976 (PS 7276). The present revision i

5、s intended to update the safety requirements to include thefollowing by reference: published federal mandatory requirements, relevant voluntary standards,certain new requirements for addressing potential hazards, and several technical revisions based onproducer experience with the original standard.

6、1. Scope1.1 This specification2 relates to possible hazards that may not be recognized readily by the public and that may be encounteredin the normal use for which a toy is intended or after reasonably foreseeable abuse. It does not purport to cover every conceivablehazard of a particular toy. This

7、specification does not cover product performance or quality, except as related to safety. Except forthe labeling requirements pointing out the functional hazards and age range for which the toy is intended, this specification hasno requirements for those aspects of a toy that present an inherent and

8、 recognized hazard as part of the function of the toy. Suchan example is a sharp point necessary for the function of a needle. The needle is an inherent hazard that is well understood by thepurchaser of a toy sewing kit, and this hazard is communicated to the user as part of the normal educational p

9、rocess.1.2 On the other hand, while a riding toy has inherent hazards associated with its use (for example, falling off onto the sidewalk),the possible hazards associated with its construction (sharp edges, exposed mechanisms, etc.) will be minimized by the applicationof this specification.1.3 This

10、specification covers requirements and contains test methods for toys intended for use by children under 14 years of age.Different age limits for various requirements will be found in this specification. These limits reflect the nature of the hazards andexpected mental or physical ability, or both, o

11、f a child to cope with the hazards.1.4 Articles not covered by this specification are as follows:BicyclesTricyclesNon-Powered Scooters(see Consumer Safety Specification F2264)Recreational Powered Scooters and Pocket Bikes(see Consumer Safety Specification F2641)Sling shots and sharp-pointed dartsPla

12、yground equipment1 This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.22on Toy Safety.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2016May 1, 2017. Published October 2016August 2017. Originally approved in

13、1986. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 asF963 11.F963 16. DOI: 10.1520/F0963-16.10.1520/F0963-17.2 Toy Industry Association, Inc. (TIA) The Toy Association sometimes provides its interpretations of this specification through its counsel as a service to its members andothers. The TIAs Toy A

14、ssociations interpretations are not reviewed or approved by ASTM and should be viewed as TIAs The Toy Associations alone.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit

15、may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Ha

16、rbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Non-powder gunsKitesHobby and craft items in which the finished item is notprimarily of play valueModel kits in which the finished item is not primarily ofplay valueCrayons, paints, chalks, and other similar art materials inwhi

17、ch the material itself or the finished item is notprimarily of play value, except that all art materials,whether or not a component of a toy, mustshall comply withLHAMA, in accordance with 4.29.1 4.29.3.Sporting goods, camping goods, athletic equipment,musical instruments, juvenile products, and fur

18、niture;however, toys that are their counterparts are covered.(It is recognized that there is often a fine line between,for example, a musical instrument or a sporting itemand its toy counterpart. The intention of the produceror distributor, as well as normal use and reasonablyforeseeable abuse, dete

19、rmines whether the item is atoy counterpart.)Powered models of aircraft, rockets, boats, and landvehicles; however, toys that are their counterparts arecovered.Constant air inflatables1.5 General guidelines for age labeling toys and toy packaging are contained in Annex A1.1.6 Information regarding p

20、ackaging and shipping is contained in Annex A2.1.7 This consumer safety specification includes the following sections:Title SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Safety Requirements 4Material Quality 4.1Flammability 4.2Toxicology 4.3Electrical/Thermal Energy 4.4Sound-Producing Toys 4.5Sma

21、ll Objects 4.6Accessible Edges 4.7Projections 4.8Accessible Points 4.9Wires or Rods 4.10Nails and Fasteners 4.11Plastic Film 4.12Folding Mechanisms and Hinges 4.13Cords, Straps, and Elastics 4.14Stability and Over-Load Requirements 4.15Confined Spaces 4.16Wheels, Tires, and Axles 4.17Holes, Clearanc

22、e, and Accessibility of Mechanisms 4.18Simulated Protective Devices 4.19Pacifiers 4.20Projectile Toys 4.21Teethers and Teething Toys 4.22Rattles 4.23Squeeze Toys 4.24Battery-Operated Toys 4.25Toys Intended to be Attached to a Cribor Playpen 4.26Stuffed and Beanbag-Type Toys 4.27Stroller and Carriage

23、 Toys 4.28Art Materials 4.29Toy Gun Marking 4.30Balloons 4.31Certain Toys with Nearly Spherical Ends 4.32Marbles 4.33Balls 4.34F963 172Pompoms 4.35Hemispheric-Shaped Objects 4.36Yo Yo Elastic Tether Toys 4.37Magnets 4.38Jaw Entrapment in Handles and Steering Wheels 4.39Expanding Materials 4.40Toy Ch

24、ests 4.41Labeling Requirements 5Instructional Literature 6Producers Markings 7Test Methods 8General 8.1Testing for Hazardous Substance Content 8.2Test Methods for Determination of Heavy ElementContent in Toys, Toy Components and Materials8.3Tests for Cleanliness and Preservative Effectiveness 8.4Nor

25、mal Use Testing 8.5Abuse Testing 8.6Impact Tests 8.7Torque Tests for Removal of Components 8.8Tension Test for Removal of Components 8.9Compression Test 8.10Tests for Tire Removal and Snap-in Wheel andAxle Assembly Removal 8.11Flexure Test 8.12Test for Mouth-Actuated Toys and Mouth-Actuated Projecti

26、leToys8.13Projectiles 8.14Test for Stability of Ride-On Toys or Toy Seats 8.15Pompoms 8.16Stalled Motor Test for Battery-Operated Toys 8.17Tests for Battery-Powered Ride-On Toys 8.18Test for Toys that Contain Secondary Cells or Batteries 8.19Tests for Toys which Produce Noise 8.20Dynamic Strength Te

27、st for Wheeled Ride-On Toys 8.21Plastic Film Thickness 8.22Test for Loops and Cords 8.23Yo Yo Elastic Tether Toy Test Methods 8.24Magnet Test Methods 8.25Test Methods for Locking Mechanisms orOther Means 8.26Tests for Toy Chest Lids and Closures 8.27Test for Overload of Ride-On Toys and Toy Seats 8.

28、28Stuffing Materials Evaluation 8.29Expanding Materials Test Method 8.30Identification 9Age Grading Guidelines Annex A1Packaging and Shipping Annex A2Design Guidelines for Toys Attached to Cribsor Playpens Annex A3Design Guidelines for Bath Toy Projections Annex A4Flammability Testing Procedure for

29、Solids and Soft Toys Annex A5Flammability Testing Procedure for Fabrics Annex A6Compositing Procedure for Total Heavy Metal Analysis Annex A7Design Guidelines for Battery Operated Toys Annex A8Rationale for 2007 Revisions Annex A9Rationale for 2008 Revisions Annex A10Rationale for 2011 Revisions Ann

30、ex A11Rationale for 2016 Revisions Annex A121.8 The values stated first are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.9 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification:Thisstandard does

31、 not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.1.10 This international standard was de

32、veloped in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.F963 1732. Referen

33、ced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D374/D374M Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical InsulationD642 Test Method for Determining Compressive Resistance of Shipping Containers, Components, and Unit LoadsD880 Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Containers and SystemsD999 Test Methods for

34、Vibration Testing of Shipping ContainersD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer HardnessD3421 Recommended Practice for Extraction and Determination of Plasticizer Mixtures from Vinyl Chloride Plastics(Withdrawn 1986)4D4236 Practice for Labeling Art Materia

35、ls for Chronic Health HazardsD5276 Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free FallF404 Consumer Safety Specification for High ChairsF406 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play YardsF1313 Specification for Volatile N-Nitrosamine Levels in Rubber Nipples on Pacifie

36、rsF1148 Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Home Playground EquipmentF2264 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Powered ScootersF2641 Consumer Safety Specification for Recreational Powered Scooters and Pocket BikesF2853 Test Method for Determination of Lead in Paint Layers and Similar Coa

37、tings or in Substrates and Homogenous Materialsby Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Using Multiple Monochromatic Excitation BeamsF2923 Specification for Consumer Product Safety for Childrens Jewelry2.2 ANSI Standards:5ANSI C18.1 M, Part 1 American National Standard for Portable Prima

38、ry Cells and Batteries withAqueous Electrolyte Generaland SpecificationsANSI C18.1 M, Part 2 American National Standard for Portable Primary Cells and Batteries with Aqueous Electrolyte SafetyStandardANSI C18.2 M, Part 1 American National Standard for Portable Rechargeable Cells and Batteries Genera

39、l and SpecificationsANSI C18.2 M, Part 2 American National Standard for Portable Rechargeable Cells and Batteries Safety StandardANSI C18.3 M, Part 1 American National Standard for Portable Lithium Primary Cells and Batteries General andSpecificationsANSI C18.3 M, Part 2 American National Standard f

40、or Portable Lithium Primary Cells and Batteries Safety StandardANSI/UL 1012 Power Units Other Than Class 2ANSI/UL 609501 Information Technology Equipment Safety Part 1: General RequirementsANSI/UL 2595 General Requirements for Battery-Powered AppliancesS1.4 Specification for Sound Level MetersZ315.1

41、 Safety Requirements for Tricycles2.3 European Union Standards:6EN 71-1 Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical propertiesEN 71-3 Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements2.4 Federal Standards:715 CFR 272 Marking of Toys, Look-Alike and Imitation Firearms16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead

42、-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead Containing Paint16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations, including the following sections:16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) Definition of “flammable solid”16 CFR 1500.14 Products requiring special labeling under section 3(b) of the act16

43、 CFR 1500.18 Banned toys and other banned articles intended for use by children16 CFR 1500.19 Misbranded toys and other articles intended for use by children6 CFR 1500.44 Method for determining extremely flammable and flammable solids16 CFR 1500.48 Technical requirements for determining a sharp poin

44、t in toys and other articles intended for use by childrenunder 8 years of age3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on t

45、he ASTM website.4 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.5 Electronic copy available from American National Standards Institute website: www.ansi.org; hard copies from Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way East,Englewood, CO 80112.6 Available fro

46、m European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cen.eu.7 Available from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission website:www.cpsc.gov or U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents; P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954; web

47、site: www.gpo.govF963 17416 CFR 1500.49 Technical requirements for determining a sharp metal or glass edge in toys and other articles intended for useby children under 8 years of age16 CFR 1500.50-53 Test method for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children16 C

48、FR 1500.83 Exemptions for small packages, minor hazards, and special circumstances16 CFR 1500.85 Exemptions from classification as banned hazardous substances16 CFR 1500.86 Exemptions from classification as a banned toy or other banned article for use by children16 CFR 1500.87 Childrens products con

49、taining lead: inaccessible component parts16 CFR 1500.88 Exemptions from lead limits under section 101 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act for certainelectronic devices16 CFR 1500.91 Determinations regarding lead content for certain materials or products under section 101 of the ConsumerProduct Safety Improvement Act16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use by Children Under 3Years ofAge which PresentChoking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts16 CFR 1505 Requirements for Electrica