ASTM D6553-2000(2005) Standard Test Method for Coolant Compatibility of Way Lubricants《导轨润滑剂冷却能力的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 6553 00 (Reapproved 2005)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forCoolant Compatibility of Way Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6553; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of

2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use waylubricants to separate from metalworking

3、 coolants (syntheticcoolants, semisynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or otheralkaline aqueous fluids.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns

4、, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificwarning statements, see Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standar

5、ds:2D 1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD 1401 Test Method for Water Separability of PetroleumOils and Synthetic FluidsD 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 cuffa layer between the way oil layer and the coolantor buffer layer that

6、 contains significant amounts of both. Indescribing this intermediate layer, cuff is preferred to emulsionsince many of the coolants are themselves emulsions.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test procedure is essentially identical to TestMethod D 1401, with the actual coolant or an alkaline bufferr

7、eplacing the distilled water of that test method. A 40-mLsample and 40 mL of either actual coolant or a pH 9.0 buffersolution (see Note 1) are stirred for 5 min at 54C (see Note 2)in a graduated cylinder. The time required for the separation ofthe emulsion thus formed is recorded. If complete separa

8、tion oremulsion reduction to 3 mL or less does not occur afterstanding for 30 min, the volumes of oil (or fluid), water, andemulsion remaining at the time are reported.NOTE 1Distilled water is not a satisfactory aqueous phase for testingthe ability of way lubricants to separate from coolants because

9、 distilledwater gives different results from coolants. The best procedure is to use theactual coolant that the way lubricant will contaminate.Abuffer solution ofpH 9.0 may be used in place of a specific coolant to predict theseparability from alkaline coolants in general.NOTE 2It is recommended, how

10、ever, that the test temperature beraised to 82 6 1C when testing way lubricants more viscous than 90 cSt(mm 2/s) at 40C.5. Significance and UseIn the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool, theway lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that mayemulsify into the coolant. It is generally

11、desirable to removethis contaminant by skimming; otherwise, the coolant lifetimemay be significantly shortened. This test method provides aguide for determining the separability characteristics of waylubricants that are expected to get into aqueous alkalinemetalworking coolants. It is used for speci

12、fication of new oilsand might be useful in monitoring of in-service oils.6. Apparatus6.1 Cylinder, 100 mL, graduated from 5 to 100 mL in1.0-mL divisions, made of glass, heat-resistant glass, or achemical equivalent. The inside diameter shall be no less than27 mm and no more than 30 mm throughout its

13、 length,measured from the top to a point 6 mm from the bottom of thecylinder. The overall length of the cylinder shall be 225 to 260mm. The graduation shall not be in error by more than 1 mL atany point on the scale.6.2 Heating Bath, sufficiently large and deep enough topermit the immersion of at le

14、ast two test cylinders in the bathliquid up to their 85-mL graduations. The bath shall be capableof being maintained at a temperature of 54 6 1C (see Note 2),and shall be fitted with clamps, which hold the cylinder in aposition so that the longitudinal axis of the paddle corresponds1This test method

15、 is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.L0 on Industrial Lubricants.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published August 2005. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 6

16、55300.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P

17、O Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.to the vertical center line of the cylinder during the stirringoperation. The clamps shall hold the cylinder securely while itscontents are being stirred.6.3 Stirring Paddle, made of chromium-plated or stainlesssteel and conforming to the f

18、ollowing dimensions: length, 1206 1.5 mm (434 6116 in.); width, 19 6 0.5 mm (34 6164 in.);thickness, 1.5 mm (116 in.). It is mounted on a vertical shaft ofsimilar metal, approximately 6 mm (14 in.) in diameter,connected to a drive mechanism that rotates the paddle on itslongitudinal axis at 1500 6 1

19、5 rpm. The apparatus is of suchdesign that, when the cylinder is clamped in position and thepaddle assembly is lowered into the cylinder, a positive stopengages and holds the assembly when the lower edge of thepaddle is 6 mm from the bottom of the cylinder. During theoperation of the stirrer, the ce

20、nter of the bottom edge of thepaddle shall not deviate more than 1 mm from the axis ofrotation. When not in operation, the paddle assembly can belifted vertically to clear the top of the graduated cylinder.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tes

21、ts. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.3Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsuffi

22、ciently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.7.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, referenceto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type II of Specification D 1193.7.3 Buffer SolutionA buffer solution of the desired pHmay b

23、e prepared using reagent-grade chemicals and reagentwater.7.4 Cleaning Solvents, Light-hydrocarbon, such as precipi-tation naphtha (WarningHealth hazard.) for petroleum oils.Use other appropriate solvents for dissolving synthetic fluids.7.5 Acetone.(WarningHealth hazard. Flammable.)7.6 Cleaning Reag

24、entCleaning by either hot NOCHRO-MIX (WarningCorrosive. Health hazard. Oxidizer.) or a24-hr soak at room temperature in MICRO solution gaveacceptable, statistically equivalent results in roun robin testing.8. Sampling8.1 The test method is very sensitive to small amounts ofcontamination. Take sample

25、s in accordance with PracticeD 4057.9. Preparation of Apparatus9.1 Clean the graduated cylinder by removing any film ofoil (or fluid) with cleaning solvent, followed by a wash firstwith acetone and then with tap water. The glassware shall befurther cleaned with a suitable cleaning reagent. Rinse tho

26、r-oughly with tap water and then with reagent water. Inspect thecylinders for any residue or water droplets adhering to theinside walls. Both conditions indicate a need for additionalcleaning.9.2 Clean the stirring paddle and shaft with absorbent cottonor tissue wet with cleaning solvent and air dry

27、. Care must betaken not to bend or misalign the paddle assembly during thecleaning operation.10. Procedure10.1 Heat the bath liquid to 54 6 1C (see Note 2) andmaintain it at that temperature throughout the test. Add coolantor buffer (see Note 3) to the graduated cylinder up to the 40-mLmark, and the

28、n add to the same cylinder a representativesample of the oil (or fluid) under test until the top level of theoil reaches the 80-mL mark on the cylinder. Place the cylinderin the bath, and allow the contents to reach bath temperature.Normally this will require about 10 min.NOTE 3If initial volumetric

29、 measurements are made at room tempera-ture, expansion occurring at the elevated test temperature will have to beconsidered. For example, there will be a total volumetric expansion ofabout 2 to 3 mL at 82C. Corrections to each volume reading at 82C,therefore, should be made so that the total of the

30、volume readings madefor oils (or fluid), water, and emulsion does not exceed 80 mL. Analternative procedure, which would avoid the corrections, is to make theinitial volumetric measurements at the test temperature.10.2 Clamp the cylinder in place directly under the stirringpaddle. Lower the paddle i

31、nto the cylinder until the stopengages at the required depth. Start the stirrer and a stop watchsimultaneously, and adjust the stirrer, as required, to a speed of1500 6 15 rpm. At the end of 5 min, stop the stirrer and raisethe stirring assembly until it is just clear of the graduate. Wipethe paddle

32、 with a policeman (see Note 4), allowing the liquidthus removed to drop back into the cylinder. Remove thecylinder from the retaining clamps and transfer it carefully toanother section of the bath. At 5-min intervals, lift the cylinderout of the bath, inspect, and record the volumes of the way oilla

33、yer, coolant or buffer layer, and cuff layer.NOTE 4The policeman should be made of material resistant to the oilor fluid.11. Report11.1 Record the time (at 5-min intervals) until either (a) theproduct passes the coolant separability requirements it is beingtested against or (b) the test limit for co

34、olant separability isexceeded (usually 3-mL cuff or less for 30 min at 54C and 60min at 82C). The maximum volume to be reported as the oillayer is 43 mL (see Note 5). For uniformity, report the testresults in the manner shown in the following examples:NOTE 5Certain way oils may produce a hazy oil la

35、yer. In situations inwhich the measurement of the oil layer and coolant or buffer layerindicates essentially complete separation, the upper layer should bereported as oil. If there are two layers and if the upper layer is more than43 mL, this layer should be considered the cuff.11.1.1 40-40-0 (20)Co

36、mplete separation occurred in 20min. More than 3 mL of cuff had remained at 15 min.11.1.2 39-38-3 (20)Complete separation had not oc-curred, but the cuff reduced to 3 mL, so the test was ended.3Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For

37、 suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.D 6553 00 (2005)211.1.3

38、39-35-6 (60)More than 3 mLof cuff remained after60 min39 mL of oil, 35 mL of water, and 6 mL of cuff.11.1.4 41-37-2 (20)Complete separation had not oc-curred, but the cuff layer reduced to 3 mL or less after 20 min.11.1.5 43-37-0 (30)The cuff layer reduced to 3 mL or lessafter 30 min. The cuff layer

39、 at 25 min exceeded 3 mL, forexample, 0-36-44 or 43-33-4.11.2 The appearance of each layer may optionally bedescribed in the following terms:11.2.1 Way Oil Layer:11.2.1.1 Clear.11.2.1.2 HazyNOTE 6A hazy layer is defined as being translucent.11.2.1.3 Cloudy (or milky).NOTE 7A cloudy layer is defined

40、as being opaque.11.2.1.4 Combinations of 11.2.1.1-11.2.1.3.11.2.2 Coolant or Buffer Layer:11.2.2.1 Clear.11.2.2.2 Lacy or bubbles present, or both.11.2.2.3 Hazy (see Note 6).11.2.2.4 Cloudy (or milky) (see Note 7).11.2.2.5 Combinations of 11.2.2.1-11.2.2.4.11.3 Report the test temperature if other t

41、han 54C and theidentification of the coolant or buffer if other than pH 9.0buffer.12. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method is asillustrated by the round robin results shown in Table 1.12.2 BiasThe procedure in this test method for measuringwater separability has no bias

42、because the value for coolantseparability is defined only in terms of this test method.13. Keywords13.1 coolant separability; cuff; emulsification; semisyn-thetic coolants; soluble oil coolants; synthetic coolants; waylubricantsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any pate

43、nt rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision

44、at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comme

45、nts will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted

46、 by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-ma

47、il); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 1 Coolant Compatibility Round Robin ResultsWaylube # Aq. Phase Minutes to 3 mL Emulsion RemainingCooperator: 113344556688Date: Nov 26 Sep 17 Sep 30 Oct 10 Aug 209707221 DEI water 13 12 15 15 15 15 10 15 10 109707221 buffer 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+

48、60+ 60+ 60+(mLafter1h 49465656606056585047 )9707222 DEI water 17 17 20 15 20 20 15 20 20 159707222 buffer 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+(mLafter1h 47465959595558545050 )9707223 DEI water 17 18 15 15 20 25 15 15 25 259707223 buffer 60+ 60+ 25 20 60+ 60+ 20 20 25 25(mLafter1h1 600911111 )9707224 DEI water 20 23 15 20 30 30 15 10 30 309707224 buffer 21 21 60+ 60+ 60+ 60+ 15 15 15 30(mL after 1 h 1 1 16 9 18 18 2 2 0 3 )D 6553 00 (2005)3