ASTM D6039 D6039M-2008 455 Standard Specification for Open and Covered Wood Crates《敞口和有盖的木板箱标准规范》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 6039/D 6039M 08Standard Specification forOpen and Covered Wood Crates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6039/D 6039M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers five types and two styles ofo
3、pen and one type, and one style of covered wood cratesdesigned for net loads not exceeding 4000 lb 1814 kg. Opencrates are suitable for shipment of items, which are not readilysusceptible to damage from outside forces, and which requireonly limited protection against the elements.1.2 If environmenta
4、l protection is necessary, use of a shroudor a covered crate should be considered. With the exception ofType III, Style B crates, the crates included in this specificationare for use in domestic and overseas shipment of net loads notover 4000 lb 1814 kg. Use shall be confined to items fallingwithin
5、the dimensions and weight limitations of the types andgrades specified in Table 1.1.3 In general, Style A crates have heavier components andare to withstand rather severe handling and multiple shipments(heavy-duty), while Style B crates should be confined tohandling and shipping that impose only lig
6、ht to moderatehazards on the container (light-duty). Types I, IV, and V cratesare general purpose types; Type II crates are designed for itemssuch as ladders, tubing, extrusions, or wallboard which do notrequire blocking, bracing, or cushioning; and Type III, Style Bcrates are designed for such self
7、-supporting material as chan-nels, angles, or other structural members where the containerserves only as a means for more convenient stacking andhandling.1.4 If the use of other construction methods or techniques isacceptable and permitted (see 5.1.13), the resulting packagingsystems shall be of equ
8、al or better performance than wouldresult from the use of these specified materials and procedures.The appropriate distribution cycle specified in Practice D 4169can be used to develop comparative procedures and criteria.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded
9、separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety con
10、cerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Dis
11、tribution Environ-mentsD 1990 Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties forVisually-Graded Dimension Lumber from In-Grade Testsof Full-Size SpecimensD 3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingD 3953 Specification for Strapping, Flat Steel and SealsD 4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shippin
12、g Con-tainers and SystemsD 4675 Guide for Selection and Use of Flat StrappingMaterialsD 6199 Practice for Quality of Wood Members of Contain-ers and PalletsF 1667 Specification for Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes,and Staples2.2 ASME/ANSI Standards:3ASME/ANSI A208.1 Mat-Formed Wood ParticleboardASME/
13、ANSI B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and ScrewsInch SeriesASME/ANSI B18.5 Round Head Bolts (Inch Series)ASME/ANSI B18.22.1 (B18.22M) Plain Washers1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.12 on ShippingContainers
14、, Crates, Pallets, Skids and Related Structures.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 6039/D 6039M 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Servic
15、e at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, United Engi-neering Center, 345 East 47th St., New York, NY 10017.1Copyright ASTM International, 10
16、0 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.3 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)Standards:4PS 1 Voluntary Product Standard, Structural PlywoodPS 2 Performance Standard for Wood-Based Structural-UsePanelsPS 20 American Softwood Lumber Standar
17、d2.4 Hardwood Plywood and Veneer Association (HPVA)Standard:5ANSI/HPVA HP-12004 American National Standard forHardwood and Decorative Plywood2.5 National Hardwood Lumber Association (NHLA) Stan-dard:6NHLA Rules for the Measurement and Inspection of Hard-wood and Cypress2.6 National Motor Freight Tra
18、ffc Association Standard:7National Motor Freight Classification3. Terminology3.1 General definitions for packaging and distribution envi-ronments are found in Terminology D 996.NOTE 1Crate components discussed herein were selected on the basisof component function.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific t
19、o This Standard: (SeeNote 1.)3.2.1 baselower frame of the crate on which its contentrests.3.2.2 battenreinforcement used to hold a series of mem-bers together to create rigidity; when used flushed with the end,it becomes a cleat.3.2.3 cleata piece of lumber used to strengthen or supportthe framework
20、 of the crate.3.2.4 cratea container with structural framework fastenedtogether to form a rigid structure enclosure, typically having anopen construction concept with little or no panel support.3.2.5 crossmembermember running perpendicular to lon-gitudinal members3.2.6 diagonalangle member placed be
21、tween vertical andhorizontal members within a frame to provide rigidity to thecrate.3.2.7 endcomposed of members to which battens or cleatsare attached forming a structural component along the width ofthe crate.3.2.8 end floor memberend frame members are similar toside frame members but perpendicula
22、r to the long dimension.3.2.9 filler piecesboards placed across the ends of thin,non-load-bearing floorboards, which serve to fill the spacebelow the lower frame member of the crate sides.3.2.10 joistload-supporting member of the top frame,spanning the width of the crate.3.2.11 lateral membertransve
23、rse member of the frame.3.2.12 load-bearing floorboardtransverse base members,which serve to distribute and transfer loads to the outside skids.3.2.13 longitudinal memberlengthwise member of theframe.3.2.14 lower edge memberhorizontal members at thebottom of the side and end frames.3.2.15 memberpart
24、s that form the fundamental structureof both sheathed and open crate; members are typically boards.3.2.16 sidecomposed of faceboards or panels to whichbattens or cleats are attached forming a structural componentalong the length of a container.3.2.17 skidlongitudinal members attached to the cratebot
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