ASTM D1264-2016 Standard Test Method for Determining the Water Washout Characteristics of Lubricating Greases《测定润滑脂水冲洗特性的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D1264 16Standard Test Method forDetermining the Water Washout Characteristics ofLubricating Greases1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1264; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of

2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the ev

3、aluation of the resistanceof a lubricating grease to washout by water from a bearing,when tested at 38 C and 79 C (100 F and 175 F) under theprescribed laboratory conditions. It is not to be considered theequivalent of service evaluation tests. Precision and bias wasdetermined using grease ranging f

4、rom NLGI 3 to 0 grades inthe research report (see Section 10).1.2 This test method may not be suitable for some greasescontaining highly volatile components. This test method doesnot attempt to account for sample evaporation. It is the usersresponsibility to determine if evaporation of the sample is

5、 asignificant contributor to mass loss at the required dryingtemperature.1.3 The values state in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3.1 ExceptionThe values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associat

6、ed with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user this standard to establish appropriatesafety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warningstatements, see 6.3.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Adjuncts:Standard Ball Bearing2D2PP, V

7、ersion 4.43, Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products33. Summary of Test Method3.1 The grease is packed into a ball bearing, the bearing isthen inserted in a housing with specified clearances, androtated at 600 r min 6 30 r min. Water, controlled at thes

8、pecified test temperature, impinges on the bearing housing ata rate of 5 mL s 6 0.5 mL s. The amount of grease washedout in 60 min 6 1 min is a measure of the resistance of thegrease to water washout.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method estimates the resistance of greases towater washout from

9、 ball bearings under conditions of the test.No correlation with field service has been established.5. Apparatus5.1 Ball Bearing, ASTM test bearing size 6204 (seeADJD3336.25.2 Bearing Housing and Shield with dimensions as shownin Fig. 1.5.3 Reservoir, Bearing-Housing Mount, Circulating Pump,and Drive

10、 Motor, similar or equivalent to those shown in Fig.1.5.4 Heating Source, to maintain the water temperature at38 C 6 1.7 C (100 F 6 3 F) or 79 C 6 1.7 C (174 F 63 F).NOTE 1Suitable temperature control may be obtained by the use ofimmersion heaters, steam coils, or infrared heat lamps, in conjunction

11、 withtransformers or thermostats.5.5 Thermometer or Thermocouple, to determine the tem-perature of the water reservoir.6. Materials and Reagents6.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the sp

12、ecifications of the commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.G0.06 on Functional Tests - Contamination.Cu

13、rrent edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originallyapproved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1264 12. DOI:10.1520/D1264-16.2Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD3336. Original adjunct produced in 1984.3ADJD6300 is no longer availa

14、ble.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1in. mm in. mm F C0.010 0.25 0.875 22.22 100 3 38 1.70.015 0.38 0.938 23.81 174 3 79 1.70.031 0.79 214 57.118 3.18 6 1

15、52532 3.97316 4.7614 6.35FIG. 1 Water Washout Characteristics of Lubricating Grease ApparatusD1264 162where such specifications are available.4Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of t

16、he determination.6.2 Distilled Water.6.3 Cleaning SolventCapable of sufficiently cleaning thetest bearing for use in the test. Either reagent grade Stoddardsolvent, also known as Mineral Spirits, (WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful), or American Chemical Societyreagent grade n-heptane4(WarningFlammab

17、le. Harmful ifinhaled) has been found suitable for use.7. Preparation of Apparatus7.1 Clean the reservoir and water passages by flushing withdistilled water. Wipe off any oil scum which has been depositedon the surfaces of the reservoir. Clean the test bearing withcleaning solvent (see 6.3).NOTE 2Fo

18、llowing high water washout greases (washout 15 %),additional care should be taken to ensure all oil and grease deposits arecleaned out of the water passages and reservoir prior to subsequent runs.It has been seen that residue in the recirculation lines can become lodgedin the spray nozzle, affecting

19、 the water jet flow rate and/or point ofimpingement on the end plate during the course of a test run. To helpprevent grease from entering the recirculation lines, an optional coarsescreen could be placed over the water intake line. If a screen is used, itshould be cleaned prior to each test run.8. P

20、rocedure8.1 Pack the tared bearing with 4.00 g 6 0.05 g of testgrease. Insert the bearing and tared shields into the housing,and assemble the unit in the test apparatus.8.2 Add a minimum of 750 mL of preheated distilled waterto the reservoir, but keep the water level below the bearinghousing. Withou

21、t starting the bearing, start the water circulat-ing pump while diverting the water spray from the housing bymeans of a piece of tubing attached to the capillary dischargetube or with a deflecting metal shield until equilibrium tem-perature is attained. When the test is to be made at the testtempera

22、tures of 38 C 6 1.7 C (100 F 6 3 F) or 79 C 61.7 C (174 F 6 3 F), it will be necessary to heat the waterto the specified temperature by a previously selected source ofheat.8.2.1 If the rig has one motor driving both pump and testbearing, remove the belt from the test bearing spindle pulleyduring wat

23、er warm-up time.8.3 When the water reaches the specified temperature,adjust the bypass valve to give a water-flow rate, through therubber tubing and into a glass graduate, of 5 mL s 6 0.5 mL s(Note 3). Remove the rubber tubing from the capillary dis-charge tube, and adjust the water jet so that it i

24、mpinges on theend plate 6 mm (14 in.) above the outer opening of the bearinghousing. Start the bearing.NOTE 3Sufficient experience should be obtained with a particulartester to make sure that the water-flow rate can be maintained within thespecified limits for a 60 min 6 1 min test run.8.4 With the

25、bearing operating at a speed of 600 r min 630 r min, continue the operation for 60 min 6 1 min.8.5 Shut off the motor and heating source, if used. Removethe test bearing and shields and place them on a tared watchglass, with the shields being separated from the bearing andplaced with their inner fac

26、es upward to expose the wet greaseto the air.8.6 Dry the bearing and shields for 15 h 6 0.25 h at 77 C6 2 C (170 F 6 4 F), and then weigh to determine thegrease loss (Note 4). The grease remaining on the shields, andany leakage occurring during the drying period, should not beconsidered as grease lo

27、st. Duplicate tests shall be run.NOTE 4Some weight loss may be experienced for greases containinghighly volatile oils because of evaporation during drying.NOTE 5Some greases contain components that make it difficult tocompletely dry the sample at 77 C 6 2 C (170 F 6 4 F). If a weightgain is observed

28、 after drying for 15 h at 77 C 6 2 C (170 F 6 4 F),then the sample should be dried for an additional 15 h at 93 C 6 2C(200 F 6 4 F). If a weight gain is still observed after drying for 15 h at93 C 62 C (200 F 6 4 F), then the sample should be dried for anadditional 15 h at 115 C 6 2 C (239 F 6 4 F).

29、 If needed, eachadditional drying step should commence on the same day that the previousdrying step completed. Between drying steps, the sample should be keptin a desiccator, and great care should be used when handling the sampleto avoid removing any material.9. Report9.1 Report the average of dupli

30、cate tests as the percentageweight of grease washed out at the test temperature, andindicate the temperature at which the bearing assembly andgrease were dried.10. Precision and Bias510.1 The precision of this test method was obtained usingADJD6300 (D2PP).310.2 The precision of this test method was

31、determined bydrying the bearing assembly and grease at 77 C (170 F). Theprecision statement does not apply to samples which are driedat the higher temperatures given in Note 5.10.3 RepeatabilityThe difference between successive re-sults obtained by the same operator with the same apparatusunder cons

32、tant operating conditions on identical test materialwould, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation ofthe test method, exceed the following values only in one casein twenty.Repeatability38C r = 0.8 (X +2)79C r = 0.6 (X + 4.6)where: X is the average of two results in %.10.3.1 Reproducibil

33、ity The difference between two singleand independent results obtained by different operators work-ing in different laboratories on identical test material would, inthe long run, exceed the following values only in one case intwenty.4Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, Americ

34、anChemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Annual Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC)

35、, Rockville,MD.5Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1272 and RR:D02-1434.D1264 163Reproducibility38C R = 1.4 (X +2)79C R = 1.1 (X + 4.6)where: X is the average of two results in %.10.4 BiasThe procedure in this te

36、st method has no biasbecause the value of grease washout can be defined only interms of a test method.11. Keywords11.1 grease; washout; waterSUMMARY OF CHANGESSubcommittee D02.G0.06 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D1264 12) that may impact the us

37、e of this standard. (April 1, 2016.)(1) Added Note 2.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent ri

38、ghts, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either fo

39、r revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearin

40、g you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard ma

41、y be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 164