ASTM B37-2003 Standard Specification for Aluminum for Use in Iron and Steel Manufacture《钢铁制造用铝的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 37 03Standard Specification forAluminum for Use in Iron and Steel Manufacture1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 37; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num

2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers aluminum and aluminum al-loys in the form of ingots, bars, rods, cones, nuggets or shot,designated as shown in

3、 Table 1, for use in the manufacture ofiron and steel.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard do

4、es not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Sta

5、ndards:B 660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum andMagnesium Products2B 881 Terminology Relating to Aluminum and Magnesium-Alloy Products2D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging3E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications4E 34 Test Me

6、thods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum andAluminum-Base Alloys5E 55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals andAlloys for Determination of Chemical Composition5E 88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloysin Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition5E 607 Test Method for

7、 Atomic Emission SpectrometricAnalysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point-to-Plane Tech-nique, Nitrogen Atmosphere5E 716 Practices for Sampling Aluminum and AluminumAlloys for Spectrochemical Analysis5E 1251 Test Method for Optical Emission SpectrometricAnalysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by the Argo

8、nAtmosphere, Point-to-Plane, Unipolar Self Initiating Ca-pacitor Discharge53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology B 881 for definitionsof product terms used in this specification.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 bara form of aluminum deoxidizing product with arecta

9、ngular cross section, similar to the appearance of a brick.3.2.2 conea form of aluminum deoxidizing product with around flat base and a pointed end.3.2.3 deoxa common or commercial term used in place ofaluminum deoxidizing product.3.2.4 nuggeta form of aluminum deoxidizing productwith a non-uniform

10、(lump) shape.3.2.5 shota form of aluminum deoxidizing product with aspheroid appearance of a pellet.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on LightMetals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01 onAluminum Alloy Ingots and Castings.Current editi

11、on approved April 10, 2003. Published August 2003. Originallyapproved in 1920. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as B 37 96 (2001).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03

12、.05.TABLE 1 Chemical LimitsNOTE 1Analysis shall be made only for copper, zinc, magnesium,silicon, and iron unless the determination of additional elements isrequired by the contract or order, or the presence of other elements insubstantial concentration is indicated during the course of the analysis

13、. Inthe latter case, the amount of these other elements shall be determined,reported, and the total of copper, zinc, magnesium, silicon, iron, and“other elements” shall not exceed the specified amount prescribed in thelast column of the table. Unless otherwise specified in the contract ororder, 0.2

14、% or more of any “other element” shall constitute a “substantialconcentration” and require that element to be reported.NOTE 2The following applies to all specified limits in this table: Forpurposes of determining conformance to these limits, an observed value ora calculated value obtained from analy

15、sis shall be rounded to the nearestunit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specifiedlimit in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.GradeComposition, %Aluminum,min, byDifferenceCopper,maxZinc,maxMagnesium,maxTotal of AllImpurities,max990A 99.0 0.2 0.2 0.

16、2 1.0980A 98.0 0.2 0.2 0.5 2.0950A 95.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 5.0920A 92.0 4.0 1.5 1.0 8.0900A 90.0 4.5 3.0 2.0 10.0850A 85.0 5.0 5.5 2.5 15.01*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, U

17、nited States.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following:4.1.1 This specification designation (which includes thenumber, the year, and the revision letter, if applicable),4.1.2 Grade of material (see Table 1),4.1.3 Form of material (ingot, bar,

18、rod, cone, nugget orshot),4.1.4 Any required dimensional or weight limitations for thematerial, and4.1.5 The quantity in either pieces or pounds (kilograms).4.2 Additionally, orders for material to this specificationshall include the following information when required by thepurchaser:4.2.1 Special

19、packaging (see Section 7),4.2.2 Whether Practices B 660 applies and, if so, the levelsof preservation, packaging and packing required (see 7.4),4.2.3 Whether Practice D 3951 applies (see 7.4),4.2.4 If inspection is required at manufacturers plant (seeSection 8),4.2.5 Whether certificate of conforman

20、ce is required (see6.3 and 10.1), and4.2.6 Whether a certified chemical analysis is required (see6.3, 6.9, and 6.10).5. Quality Assurance5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the producer shall be responsible for the performance ofall inspections and test requirements spec

21、ified herein. Unlessdisapproved by the purchaser, the producer may use his own orany other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspec-tion and test requirements specified herein. The purchaser shallhave the right to perform any of the inspections and tests setforth in this specification w

22、here such inspections are deemednecessary to confirm that the material conforms to prescribedrequirements.5.2 All testing shall be performed in accordance to appli-cable ASTM test methods.5.3 The material covered by this specification shall be freeof dross, slag, and other harmful contamination.5.4

23、Shot:5.4.1 Hollow shells shall not exceed 10 % by count in aminimum sample of 340 shot. The surface of material in shotform shall be free from a heavy oxidized coating.5.4.2 The bulk density of shot shall not be less than 90lb/ft3.6. Chemical Composition6.1 LimitsThe average analysis of each lot of

24、materialshall conform to the chemical composition limits specified inTable 1. Conformance shall be determined by the producersanalysis of samples from each cast, with the average analysisdetermined from the analytical results of all samples taken forthat cast (see 6.9). Analytical samples from each

25、cast shall betaken at the time the ingots, bars, rods, cones, nuggets or shotare produced or samples may be taken from the finishedproduct. If the producer has determined the chemical compo-sition of the material during the course of manufacture,sampling and analysis of the finished product shall no

26、t berequired.6.2 Methods of AnalysisThe determination of chemicalcomposition shall be made in accordance with suitable chemi-cal (Test Methods E 34), or spectrochemical (Test MethodsE 607 and E 1251) methods.6.3 When an actual chemical analysis or a certificate ofconformance is required with a shipm

27、ent, it shall be called forin the contract or purchase order.6.4 Lot DefinitionA lot shall be defined as follows:6.4.1 A “lot” in a batch process shall consist of that productproduced in a continuous cast from one furnace or ladle. Oncethe furnace or ladle has been alloyed and casting starts, nohard

28、eners, liquid or solid material shall be added to the furnaceor ladle.6.4.2 A “lot” in a continuous process shall consist of thatproduct produced during a continuous cast from one furnaceduring a period of up to 24 h. Additions of hardeners, liquid orsolid material are added to the furnace during th

29、e casting ofproduct.6.4.3 Any manufacturing change in the furnace, castingequipment or continuity of operation, which potentially effectsthe product characteristics defined by this specification shall beconsidered as the start of a new lot.6.5 When samples are taken at the time the molten metal isma

30、de into shot, rod, bar, nuggets, cones or ingot, at least onesample shall be taken from each source of molten metal.6.6 Sampling FrequencyThe frequency of samples takenfor determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:6.6.1 In a batch production process, samples shall be takenperiodicall

31、y throughout the production of each lot. Eachsample shall be representative of approximately equal volumesof the material. The frequency of sampling shall be not lessthan one sample for every 20 % of the volume of the furnaceor ladle from which the material is being poured with aminimum of three sam

32、ples per lot.6.6.2 In a continuous production process, samples shall betaken periodically throughout the production of each lot. Eachsample shall be representative of approximately equal volumesof the material. The frequency of sampling shall be not lessthan one sample for every 20 % of the volume o

33、f the furnaceor ladle from which the material is being poured with aminimum of five samples per lot.6.7 Sampling of Finished ProductThe number of samplestaken for determination of chemical composition shall be asfollows:6.7.1 When the metal is shipped in carload lots of the samegrade and cast, not l

34、ess than five samples shall be taken atrandom from the carload for sampling. If the shipment is in lessthan carload lots or in mixed grades, one sample shall be takenfor each 6000 lb (2700 kg) or fraction thereof.6.8 Sample PreparationSamples shall be taken and pre-pared as follows:6.8.1 A sample sh

35、all consist of an ingot, bar or section ofrod and in the case of material in shot, cone or nugget form, asample shall consist of a sufficient material to make a repre-sentative sample.B370326.8.2 Sampling for spectrochemical analysis shall be inaccordance with Practices E 716. Samples for other meth

36、ods ofanalysis shall be suitable for the form of material beinganalyzed and the type of analytical method used.6.8.3 Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken bydrilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping a piece or piecesto obtain a representative prepared sample of not less than 75g. Sampli

37、ng shall be in accordance with Practice E 55 for rodand Practice E 88 for all other forms.6.9 The certified chemical composition of a lot shall be theaverage of the analytical results from testing of all samplestaken for that lot.6.10 When lots are mixed, the certified chemical composi-tion of a com

38、posite lot shall be the weighted average of thecertified chemical compositions from each lot that is containedin the composite lot.7. Packaging, Marking, and Shipping7.1 The material shall be packaged in such a manner as toprevent damage in ordinary handling and transportation. Thetype of packaging

39、and gross weight of individual containersshall be left to the discretion of the producer unless otherwiseagreed upon. Packaging methods and containers shall be soselected as to permit maximum utility of mechanical equip-ment in unloading and subsequent handling. Each package orcontainer shall contai

40、n only one size and one grade of materialwhen packed for shipment unless otherwise agreed uponbetween the purchaser and producer.7.2 Each package or container shall be marked with thepurchase order number, quantity, specification number, grade,gross and net weights, and the name of the producer.7.3

41、Packages or containers shall be such as to ensureacceptance by common or other carriers for safe transportationat the lowest rate to the point of delivery.7.4 When specified in the contract or purchase order,material shall be preserved, packaged and packed in accor-dance with the requirements of Pra

42、ctices B 660. The applicablelevels shall be as specified in the contract or order. Marking forshipment of such material shall be in accordance with PracticeD 3951.8. Source Inspection8.1 If the purchaser elects to make an inspection of produc-tion or the material at the manufacturers works, it shall

43、 be sostated in the contract or purchase order.8.2 If the purchaser elects to have inspection made at theproducers facilities, the manufacturer shall afford the inspec-tor all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material isbeing furnished in accordance with this specification and/or thereq

44、uirements of the contract. All tests and inspection shall beso conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the opera-tion of the works.9. Rejection and Rehearing9.1 Any ingots, bars, rods, cones, nuggets or shot that at thetime of receipt does not conform to the requirements of thisspecificatio

45、n may be rejected, and shall be replaced by theproducer.9.2 In the case of dissatisfaction regarding rejections basedon quality or chemical composition requirements as specifiedin Sections 5 and 6, respectively, the manufacturer may makeclaim for a rehearing as a basis of arbitration within 15calend

46、ar days after receipt by the producer of the rejectionnotification.10. Certification10.1 The manufacturer shall, on request, furnish to thepurchaser a certificate stating that each lot has been sampled,tested, and inspected in accordance with this specification, andhas met the requirements of Sectio

47、ns 5, 6.1, 6.9, and 6.10.11. Keywords11.1 aluminum; deox; deoxidizing; iron manufacture; steelmanufactureSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B07 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(B 3796 (2001) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved April 10, 2

48、003).(1) Rewrite of standard.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof inf

49、ringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair he