ASTM B338-2008b Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers.pdf

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1、Designation: B 338 08bStandard Specification forSeamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubesfor Condensers and Heat Exchangers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 338; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case o

2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specifi

3、cation2covers the requirements for 28grades of titanium and titanium alloy tubing intended forsurface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers, as fol-lows:1.1.1 Grade 1Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2 Grade 2Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2.1 Grade 2HUnalloyed titanium (Grade 2 with 58ksi minimum UTS),1.1.3 Gr

4、ade 3Unalloyed titanium,1.1.4 Grade 7Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium,1.1.4.1 Grade 7HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.5 Grade 9Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % va-nadium),1.1.6 Grade 11Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palla

5、dium,1.1.7 Grade 12Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum,0.8 % nickel),1.1.8 Grade 13Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ru-thenium),1.1.9 Grade 14Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ru-thenium),1.1.10 Grade 15Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.11 Grade 16Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to

6、 0.08 %palladium,1.1.11.1 Grade 16HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium (Grade 16 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.12 Grade 17Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 %palladium,1.1.13 Grade 18Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.14 Grade 26Unalloyed tita

7、nium plus 0.08 to 0.14 %ruthenium,1.1.14.1 Grade 26HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.15 Grade 27Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 %ruthenium,1.1.16 Grade 28Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium) plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.17 Grade

8、 30Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladium),1.1.18 Grade 31Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladium),1.1.19 Grade 33Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),1.1.20 Grade 34Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 %

9、chromium),1.1.21 Grade 35Titanium alloy (4.5 % aluminum, 2 %molybdenum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron, 0.3 % silicon),1.1.22 Grade 36Titanium alloy (45 % niobium),1.1.23 Grade 37Titanium alloy (1.5 % aluminum), and1.1.24 Grade 38Titanium alloy (4 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium, 1.5 % iron).NOTE 1H grade mat

10、erial is identical to the corresponding numericgrade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher guaranteedminimum UTS, and may always be certified as meeting the requirementsof its corresponding numeric grade. Grades 2H, 7H, 16H, and 26H areintended primarily for pressure vessel use.The H g

11、rades were added in response to a user association request basedon its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2, 7, 16, and 26 test reports,where over 99 % met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematica

12、lconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:31This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B1

13、0.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B 338 08a.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-cation SB-338 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM s

14、tandards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM I

15、nternational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conf

16、ormance with SpecificationsE 1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen andNitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert GasFusion TechniqueE 1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen inTitanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas FusionThermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection MethodE

17、 1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-tory and Reactive Metals and Their AlloysE 2371 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and TitaniumAlloys by Atomic Emission Plasma SpectrometryE 2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive andRefractory Metals3. Terminology3.1 Lot Definiti

18、ons:3.1.1 castings, na lot shall consist of all castings producedfrom the same pour.3.1.2 ingot, nno definition required.3.1.3 rounds, flats, tubes, and wrought powder metallurgicalproducts (single definition, common to nuclear and non-nuclear standards), na lot shall consist of a material of thesam

19、e size, shape, condition, and finish produced from the sameingot or powder blend by the same reduction schedule and thesame heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreedbetween manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited tothe product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or toa

20、single furnace load for final batch anneal.3.1.4 sponge, na lot shall consist of a single blendproduced at one time.3.1.5 weld fittings, ndefinition is to be mutually agreedupon between manufacturer and the purchaser.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include

21、thefollowing information, as required:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Grade number (Section 1),4.1.3 Diameter and wall thickness (Section 12)(Note 2),4.1.4 Length (Section 12),4.1.5 Method of manufacture and finish (Sections 5 and 13),4.1.6 Restrictive chemistry, if desired (Section 6 andTable 1),4.1.7 Product

22、 analysis, if desired (Section 7 and Table 2),4.1.8 Special mechanical properties, if desired (Section 8and Table 3),4.1.9 Nondestructive tests (Section 11),4.1.10 Packaging (Section 23),4.1.11 Inspection (Section 17), and4.1.12 Certification (Section 21).NOTE 2Tube is available to specified outside

23、 diameter and wallthickness (state minimum or average wall).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Seamless tube shall be made from hollow billet by anycold reducing or cold drawing process that will yield a productmeeting the requirements of this specification. Seamless tube isproduced with a continuous p

24、eriphery in all stages of manu-facturing operations.5.2 Welded tube shall be made from annealed, flat-rolledproduct by an automatic arc-welding process or other methodof welding that will yield a product meeting the tensilerequirements found in Table 3 of this specification. Weldedtubing shall be he

25、at treated by at least a stress relief afterforming and welding. Use of filler material is not permitted.5.3 Welded/cold worked tube (WCS) shall be made fromwelded tube manufactured as specified in 5.2. The welded tubeshall be sufficiently cold worked to final size in order totransform the cast weld

26、 microstructure into a typical equiaxedmicrostructure in the weld upon subsequent heat treatment.The product shall meet the requirements for seamless tube ofthis specification.5.4 Grades 9, 18 and 28, which, at the option of thepurchaser, can be furnished in either the annealed or the coldworked and

27、 stress relieved condition, defined as at a minimumtemperature of 600F (316C) for not less than 30 min.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The titanium shall conform to the chemical require-ments prescribed in Table 1.6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 1 are intentional alloyadditions or elements that are i

28、nherent to the manufacture oftitanium sponge, ingot, or mill product.6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must beidentified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and the purchaserand requested by the purchaser in the written purchase order,ch

29、emical analysis shall be completed for specific residualelements not listed in this specification.7. Product Analysis7.1 When requested by the purchaser and stated in thepurchase order, product analysis for any elements listed inTable 1 shall be made on the completed product.7.1.1 Elements other tha

30、n those listed in Table 1 are deemedto be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table 1 by, andonly by way of, unregulated or unanalyzed scrap additions tothe ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis for elements notlisted in Table 1 shall not be required unless specified and shallbe considere

31、d to be in excess of the intent of this specification.7.2 Product analysis tolerances, listed in Table 2,donotbroaden the specified heat analysis requirements, but covervariations between different laboratories in the measurement ofchemical content. The manufacturer shall not ship the finishedproduc

32、t that is outside the limits specified in Table 1 for theapplicable grade.B 338 08b2TABLE ContinuedComposition, %ElementGrade 1 Grade 2 Grade 2H Grade 3 Grade 7 Grade 7H Grade 9 Grade 11 Grade 12 Grade 13Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0

33、.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08Hydrogen,B,Cmax 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015Iron, max 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.30 0.20Oxygen, max 0.18 0.25 0.25 0.35 0.25 0.25 0.15 0.18 0.25 0.10Aluminum . . . . . . 2.53.5 . . .Vanadium . . . . . . 2.03.0 . . .Tin . . . .

34、 . . . . . .Ruthenium . . . . . . . . . 0.040.06Palladium . . . . 0.120.25 0.120.25 . 0.120.25 . .Cobalt . . . . . . . . . .Molybdenum . . . . . . . . 0.20.4 .Chromium . . . . . . . . . .Nickel . . . . . . . . 0.60.9 0.40.6Niobium . . . . . . . . . .Zirconium . . . . . . . . . .Silicon . . . . . . .

35、 . . .Residuals,D,E,Fmax each0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1Residuals,D,E,Fmax-total0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4TitaniumGbalance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balanceComposition, %ElementGrade 14 Grade 15 Grade 16 Grade 16H Grade 17 Grade 18 Grade

36、 26 Grade 26H Grade 27Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08Hydrogen,B,Cmax 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015Iron, max 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.20Oxygen, max 0.15 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.18 0.15

37、 0.25 0.25 0.18Aluminum . . . . . 2.53.5 . . .Vanadium . . . . . 2.03.0 . . .Tin . . . . . . . . .Ruthenium 0.040.06 0.040.06 . . . . 0.080.14 0.080.14 0.080.14Palladium . . 0.040.08 0.040.08 0.040.08 0.040.08 . . .Cobalt . . . . . . . . .Molybdenum . . . . . . . . .Chromium . . . . . . . . .Nickel

38、0.40.6 0.40.6 . . . . . . .Niobium . . . . . . . . .Zirconium . . . . . . . . .Silicon . . . . . . . . .Residuals,D,E,Fmaxeach0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1Residuals,D,E,Fmaxtotal0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4TitaniumGbalance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balanceC

39、omposition, %ElementGrade 28 Grade 30 Grade 31 Grade 33 Grade 34 Grade 35 Grade 36 Grade 37 Grade 38Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.08 0.08Hydrogen,B,Cmax 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.0035 0.015 0.015Iron, max or ran

40、ge 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.20-0.80 0.03 0.30 1.21.8Oxygen, max orrange0.15 0.25 0.35 0.25 0.35 0.25 0.16 0.25 0.200.30Aluminum 2.53.5 . . . . 4.0-5.0 . 1.0-2.0 3.54.5Vanadium 2.03.0 . . . . 1.1-2.1 . . 2.03.0Tin . . . . . . . . .Ruthenium 0.080.14 . . 0.02-0.04 0.02-0.04 . . . .Palladium . 0.040.

41、08 0.040.08 0.01-0.02 0.01-0.02 . . . .Cobalt . 0.200.80 0.200.80 . . . . . .Molybdenum . . . . . 1.5-2.5 . . .Chromium . . . 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 . . . .Nickel . . . 0.35-0.55 0.35-0.55 . . . .Niobium . . . . . . 42.047.0 . .Zirconium . . . . . . . . .Silicon . . . . . 0.20-0.40 . . .Residuals,D,E,Fmaxe

42、ach0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1B 338 08b38. Tensile Requirements8.1 The room temperature tensile properties of the tube inthe condition normally supplied shall conform to the require-ments prescribed in Table 3. Mechanical properties for condi-tions other than those given in this table may be

43、 established byagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. (SeeTest Methods E8.)9. Flattening Test9.1 Tubing shall withstand, without cracking, flatteningunder a load applied gradually at room temperature until thedistance between the load platens is not more than H in. H iscalculated as f

44、ollows:H, in. mm!51 1 e!te 1 t/D(1)where:H = the minimum flattened height, in. (mm),t = the nominal wall thickness, in. (mm), andD = the nominal tube diameter, in. (mm).For Grades 1, 2, 2H, 7, 7H, 11, 13, 14, 16, 16H, 17, 26, 26H,27, 30, and 33:e 5 0.07 in. for all diameters (2)For Grade 3, 31, and

45、34:e 5 0.04 through 1 in. diameter (3)e 5 0.06 over 1 in. diameter (4)For Grades 9, 12, 15, 18, 28, 35, 36, 37, and 38:e shall be negotiated between the producer and the purchaser.9.1.1 For welded tubing, the weld shall be positioned on the90 or 270 centerline during loading so as to be subjected to

46、 amaximum stress.9.1.2 When low D-to-t ratio tubular products are tested,because the strain imposed due to geometry is unreasonablyhigh on the inside surface at the six and twelve oclocklocations, cracks at these locations shall not be cause forrejection if the D-to-t ratio is less than ten (10).9.2

47、 The results from all calculations are to be rounded totwo decimal places. Examination for cracking shall be by theunaided eye.9.3 Welded tube shall be subjected to a reverse flatteningtest in accordance with Supplement II of Test Methods andDefinitions A 370. A section of the tube, approximately 4

48、in.(102 mm) long, that is slit longitudinally 90 either side of theweld, shall be opened and flattened with the weld at the pointof maximum bend. No cracking is permitted.10. Flaring Test10.1 For tube 312 in. (88 mm) in outside diameter andsmaller, and 0.134 in. (3.4 mm) in wall thickness and thinne

49、r,a section of tube approximately 4 in. (102 mm) in length shallwithstand being flared with a tool having a 60 included angleuntil the tube at the mouth of the flare has been expanded inaccordance with Table 4. The flared end shall show no crackingor rupture visible to the unaided eye. Flaring tests on largerdiameter tube or tubing outside the range of Table 4 shall be asagreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.Composition, %ElementGrade 28 Grade 30 Grade 31 Grade 33 Grade 34 Grade 35 Grade