ASTM A675 A675M-2014 Standard Specification for Steel Bars Carbon Hot-Wrought Special Quality Mechanical Properties《高质量热锻碳素钢棒机械特性的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: A675/A675M 14Standard Specification forSteel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality,Mechanical Properties1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A675/A675M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revisi

2、on, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specificati

3、on2covers hot-wrought special qualitycarbon steel bars and bar size shapes produced to mechanicalproperty requirements and intended for general constructionalapplications.1.2 The bars are available in nine strength grades designated45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, and 90 310, 345, 380, 415, 450,485,

4、515, 550, and 620 corresponding to the minimumultimate tensile strength in ksi MPa. The chemical composi-tion is selected by the manufacturer to develop the requiredmechanical properties.1.3 Hot-wrought special quality carbon steel bars subject tomechanical property requirements are hot wrought in s

5、traightlengths only. Sections and sizes available are covered inSpecification A29/A29M.1.4 Some applications may require one or more of theavailable designations shown under Supplementary Require-ments.NOTE 1Merchant-quality hot-wrought carbon steel bars subject tomechanical property requirements ar

6、e covered in Specification A663/A663M.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two syst

7、ems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for SteelBars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-WroughtA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA663/A663M Specification for Steel Bars,

8、Carbon, Mer-chant Quality, Mechanical PropertiesE290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductil-ity3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 special qualitySpecial quality bars are used whenend use, method of fabrication, or subsequent processingtreatment requi

9、res quality characteristics not available in mer-chant quality. Typical applications involve bending or machin-ing for general constructional uses. Some end uses or fabricat-ing procedures can necessitate one or more requirements whichare described in the Supplementary Requirements.4. Ordering Infor

10、mation4.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following information:4.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),4.1.2 Name of material (hot-wrought special quality bars),4.1.3 Dimensions, including length,4.1.4 Cross section (round, square, hexagon, equal legangle, etc.),4

11、.1.5 Specification designation and date of issue,4.1.6 Grade designation (Table 1),4.1.7 Leaded steel, if required (6.2),4.1.8 Copper bearing steel, if required (6.3),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct res

12、ponsibility of SubcommitteeA01.15 on Bars.Current edition approved May 1, 2014. Published June 2014. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A675/A675M 03(2009). DOI: 10.1520/A0675_A0675M-14.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cati

13、on SA 675 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM Internati

14、onal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.9 Test report, if required (Section 10),4.1.10 Supplementary Requirements or special require-ments if required, and4.1.11 Application and processing.NOTE 2A typical ordering description is as follows: 10 00

15、0 lb, 5000kg Hot Wrought Special Quality Carbon Steel Bars, 1 in. diameter 10 ft,25m 3m Round, ASTM A675/A 675M dated _ , Grade 50, 345Copper Bearing, Test Report Required, S3 Special Straightness, BoilerSupports.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Melting PracticeThe steel shall be made by one ormore o

16、f the following primary processes: basic-oxygen orelectric-furnace. The primary melting may incorporate separatedegassing or refining and may be followed by secondarymelting using electroslag remelting or vacuum-arc remelting.Where secondary melting is employed, the heat shall bedefined as all of th

17、e ingots remelted from a single primary heat.5.2 Deoxidation:5.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, the steel shall be killed.5.2.2 When required, the purchaser may specify the re-quired deoxidation practice, dependent upon strength gradespecified, purchasers methods of fabrication, and end userequiremen

18、ts. Killed steels can be produced to coarse or fineaustenitic grain size (Supplementary Requirement S1).5.3 ConditionUnless otherwise specified, the bars shall befurnished as-rolled and not pickled, blast cleaned, or oiled. Atthe producers option, bars may be cleaned for inspection.6. Chemical Compo

19、sition6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirementsspecified in Table 2.6.2 Leaded SteelWhen required, lead may be specified asan added element. When lead is specified as an added element,a range from 0.15 to 0.35 % inclusive shall be furnished. Sucha steel is identified by adding the let

20、ter L after the gradedesignation, for example 60L 415L.6.3 Copper-Bearing SteelWhen required copper may bespecified as an added element. Copper-bearing steel is identi-fied by stating “copper-bearing” on the purchase order.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Tension Tests7.1.1 Requirements:7.1.1.1 The mater

21、ial as represented by the test specimenshall conform to the applicable requirements in Table 1.7.1.1.2 For material over34 in. 19 mm in thickness ordiameter, a deduction of 0.25 % from the percentage ofelongation in 8 in. 200 mm specified in Table 1 shall be madefor each increase of132 in. 0.8 mm in

22、 the specified thicknessor diameter above34 in. 19 mm.7.1.1.3 For material under516 in. 8 mm in thickness ordiameter, a deduction of 2.00 % from the percentage ofelongation in 8 in. 200 mm specified in Table 1 shall be madefor each decrease of132 in. 0.8 mm in the specified thicknessor diameter belo

23、w516 in. 8 mm.7.1.1.4 For Grades 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65 310, 345, 380,and 415 for material over 2 in. 50 mm in thickness ordiameter, a deduction of 1.00 % from the percentage ofelongation in 2 in. 50 mm specified in Table 1 shall be madefor each 1 in. 25 mm of specified thickness or diameter orfract

24、ion thereof over 2 in. 50 mm in thickness or diameter.7.1.1.5 For Grades 70, 75, 80, and 90 485, 515, 550 and620 for material over 2 in. 50 mm in thickness or diameter,a deduction of 1.00 % from the percentage of elongation in 2in. 50 mm specified in Table 1 shall be made for each 1 in.25 mm of spec

25、ified thickness or diameter, or fraction thereof,over 2 in. 50 mm in diameter or thickness, to a maximumdeduction of 3 %.7.1.2 Test Specimens:7.1.2.1 Test specimens shall be prepared for testing from thematerial in its as-rolled condition unless otherwise specifiedTABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsGradeDe

26、signationATensile Strength Yield Point, minBElongation, min, %Cksi MPa ksi MPa 8 in. or 200 mmGage Length2 in. or 50 mmGage Length45 310 45 to 55 310 to 380 22.5 155 27 3350 345 50 to 60 345 to 415 25 170 25 3055 380 55 to 65 380 to 450 27.5 190 23 2660 415 60 to 72 415 to 495 30 205 21 2265 450 65

27、to 77 450 to 530 32.5 225 17 2070 485 70 to 85 485 to 585 35 240 14 1875 515 75 to 90 515 to 620 37.5 260 14 1880 550 80 min 550 min 40 275 13 1790 620 90 min 620 min 55 380 10 14AWhen lead is required, add the letter “L” after the grade designation, for example, 45L.BWhen the tension test does not

28、show a yield point (drop of the beam, halt of the pointer or sharp-kneed stress-strain diagram), yield strength shall be determined by either0.5 % extension-under-load or 0.2 % offset. The minimum ksi (MPa) requirement does not change. The test report, if required, shall show yield strength.CSee 7.1

29、.1.2 through 7.1.1.5 for deduction in elongation due to section size.TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)ElementPhosphorus, max 0.040Sulfur, max 0.050Copper, when copper steel is specified, min 0.20LeadAAWhen required, lead may be specified as an added element. See 6.2.A675/A675M 142(see Su

30、pplementary Requirements). The tension specimen maybe aged as described in Test Methods and Definitions A370.7.1.2.2 Test specimens shall be taken longitudinally andmay be tested in full thickness or section, or they may bemachined to the dimensions shown in Fig. 4 or Fig. 5 of TestMethods and Defin

31、itions A370. If test specimens are selectedconforming to the dimensions of Fig. 5, they shall be machinedfrom a position midway between the center and the surface ofthe bar.7.1.2.3 Test specimens for shapes and flats may be ma-chined to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 4 of TestMethods and Defi

32、nitions A370 or with both edges parallel. Testspecimens for material over 112 in. 40 mm in thickness ordiameter may be machined to a thickness or diameter of at least34 in. 20 mm for a length of at least 9 in. 230 mm, or theymay conform to the dimensions shown in Fig. 5 of TestMethods and Definition

33、s A370.7.1.3 Number of TestsTwo tension tests shall be madefrom each heat, unless the finished material from a heat is lessthan 50 tons 45 Mg, when one tension test will be sufficient.However, for material 2 in. 50 mm and under in thickness,when the material from one heat differs38 in. 9.5 mm or mor

34、ein thickness, one tension test shall be made from both thethickest and the thinnest material rolled (larger than the sizes in7.1.1.2) regardless of the weight represented. For material over2 in. 50 mm thick, when the material from heat differs 1 in.25 mm or more in thickness, one tension test shall

35、 be madefrom both the thickest and the thinnest material rolled that ismore than 2 in. 50 mm thick regardless of the weightrepresented.7.1.4 Test MethodTension tests shall be made in accor-dance with Test Methods and Definitions A370 using theapplicable method for determining yield point.7.2 Bend Te

36、sts:7.2.1 Requirements:7.2.1.1 Bend requirements apply only to flat bars (all sizes),bars other than flats less than12 in. 12.5 mm in thickness ordiameter, and shapes less than 1 in.2645 mm2 in crosssection. When bend tests are required for other sizes, Supple-mentary Requirement S6 must be specifie

37、d.7.2.1.2 The bend test specimen shall stand being bent atroom temperature through 180 without cracking on theoutside of the bent portion, to an inside diameter which shallhave the relation to the thickness or diameter of the specimenas given in Table 3.7.2.2 Test Specimens:7.2.2.1 Bend test specime

38、ns for material 112 in. 40 mmand under in diameter or thickness may be the full thickness ofthe section. For flat bars over 2 in. 50 mm in width, the widthmay be reduced by milling to 112 in. 40 mm.7.2.2.2 Bend test specimens for material over 112 in. 40mm in diameter or thickness may be machined to

39、 a thicknessor diameter of at least34 in. 20 mm or to 1 by12 in. 25 by12.5 mm in section. Machined sides of bend test specimensmay have the corners rounded to a radius of not over116 in.1.6 mm for material 2 in. 50 mm and under in thickness,and not over18 in. 3.2 mm in radius for material over 2 in.

40、50 mm in thickness.7.2.3 Number of TestsWhen subject to bend test, two bendtests shall be made from each heat, unless the finished materialfrom a heat is less than 50 tons 45 Mg, when one bend testwill be sufficient. However, for material 2 in. 50 mm andunder in thickness, when the material from one

41、 heat differs38in. 9.5 mm or more in thickness, one bend test shall be madefrom both the thickest and the thinnest material rolled regard-less of the weight represented. For material over 2 in. 50 mmthick, when the material from one heat differs 1 in. 25 mm ormore in thickness, one bend test shall b

42、e made from both thethickest and the thinnest material rolled that is more than 2 in.50 mm thick regardless of the weight represented.7.2.4 Test MethodsBend tests shall be made in accordancewith Test Methods E290.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 Bars shall be free of visible pipe, undue seg

43、regation, andinjurious surface imperfections.8.2 Surface FinishThe bars shall have a commercialhot-wrought finish obtained by conventional hot rolling. See5.3 for producers descaling option.9. General Requirements9.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requir

44、ements for the current edition ofSpecification A29/A29M.10. Certification10.1 When specified by the purchaser, a manufacturerscertification that the material was manufactured and tested inaccordance with this specification together with a report of theTABLE 3 Bend RequirementsGradeDesignationRatio o

45、f Bend Diameter to Thickness of Specimen for Thickness or Diameter of Bar, in. (mm)34 20 andUnderOver34 20 to1 25, inclOver 1 25 to112 40, inclOver 112 40 to2 50, inclOver 2 50 to3 75, inclOver 3 75 to5 125, inclOver 5 12545 310 flat flat12 112350 345 flat12 1112 212 331255 38012 1112 22121260 41512

46、12 212 3312 465 450 1 112 23312 4570 485 112 2212 331275 515 2 2 3 312 4412 680 550 2 212 331212 690 620AABend requirements are not required for Grade 90 620, but may be specified by agreement between purchaser and manufacturer (see Supplementary Requirement S6).A675/A675M 143heat analysis, tensile

47、requirements, and bend test (if applicable)test results shall be furnished. Only one test need be reportedwhen the amount of material from a heat in a shipment is lessthan 10 tons 9 Mg and when the thickness variationsdescribed in (7.1.3) and (7.2.3) are not exceeded. The reportshall include the nam

48、e of the manufacturer,ASTM designationnumber and year date and revision letter, if any, grade, heatnumber, and size.10.2 The thickness of the product tested may not necessarilybe the same as an individual ordered thickness since it is theheat that is tested rather than each ordered item.10.3 When Su

49、pplementary Requirements are specified, thereport shall include a statement of compliance with therequirement or the results of tests when the requirementinvolves measured test values.11. Keywords11.1 carbon steel bars; hot-wrought steel bars; steel barsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the following