ANSI ASTM F2105-2016 Standard Test Method for Measuring Air Performance Characteristics of Vacuum Cleaner Motor Fan Systems.pdf

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1、Designation: F2105 16 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forMeasuring Air Performance Characteristics of VacuumCleaner Motor/Fan Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption o

2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining airperformance characterist

3、ics of series universal motor/fan sys-tems used in commercial and household upright, canister, stick,hand-held utility, combination-type vacuum cleaners, andhousehold central vacuum cleaning systems.1.2 These tests and calculations include determination ofsuction, airflow, air power, maximum air pow

4、er, and inputpower under specified operating conditions.NOTE 1For more information on air performance characteristics, seeReferences (1) through (2).21.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard

5、 may involve hazardous materials,operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability

6、of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test M

7、ethodE2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-eters with Low-Hazard Precision LiquidsF431 Specification for Air Performance Measurement Ple-num Chamber for Vacuum Cleaners2.2 AMCA Standard:4210-85 Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Rating2.3 IEC Standard:5IEC 60312 Ed 3.2 Vacuum Clea

8、ners for Household UseMethods of Measuring the Performance3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 air power, AP, W, nin a vacuum cleaner motor/fansystem, the net time rate of work performed by an air streamwhile expending energy to produce an airflow by a vacuumcleaner motor/fan system under specified a

9、ir resistance condi-tions.3.1.2 corrected airflow, Q, cfm, nin a vacuum cleanermotor/fan system, the volume of air movement per unit of timeunder standard atmospheric conditions.3.1.3 input power, W, nrate at which electrical energy isabsorbed by a vacuum cleaner motor/fan system.3.1.4 model, ndesig

10、nation of a group of vacuum cleanermotor/fan systems having the same mechanical and electricalconstruction.3.1.5 population, ntotal of all units of a particular modelvacuum cleaner motor/fan system being tested.3.1.6 repeatability limit (r), nvalue below which theabsolute difference between two indi

11、vidual test results obtainedunder repeatability conditions may be expected to occur with aprobability of approximately 0.95 (95 %).3.1.7 repeatability standard deviation (Sr), nstandard de-viation of test results obtained under repeatability conditions.3.1.8 reproducibility limit (R), nvalue below w

12、hich theabsolute difference between two test results obtained underreproducibility conditions may be expected to occur with aprobability of approximately 0.95 (95 %).1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F11 on VacuumCleaners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F1

13、1.22 on Air Perfor-mance.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2105 11. DOI:10.1520/F2105-16.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended tothis test method.3For referenc

14、ed ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Air Movement and Control Association, Inc., 30 West Univer

15、-sity Dr., Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893.5Available from the IEC webstore, webstore.iec.ch, or American NationalStandards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United Stat

16、es13.1.9 reproducibility standard deviation (SR), nstandarddeviation of test results obtained under reproducibility condi-tions.3.1.10 sample, ngroup of vacuum cleaner motor/fan sys-tems taken from a large collection of vacuum cleaner motor/fansystems of one particular model which serves to providei

17、nformation that may be used as a basis for making a decisionconcerning the larger collection.3.1.11 standard air density, std, lb/ft3,natmospheric airdensity of 0.075 lb/ft3(1.2014 kg/m3).3.1.11.1 DiscussionThis value of air density correspondsto atmospheric air at a temperature of 68F (20C), 14.696

18、 psi(101.325 kPa), and approximately 30 % relative humidity.3.1.12 suction, inches of water, nin a vacuum cleanermotor/fan system, the absolute difference between ambient andsub-atmospheric pressure.3.1.13 test run, ndefinitive procedure that produces thesingular result of calculated maximum air pow

19、er.3.1.14 test station pressure, Bt, inches of mercury, nfor avacuum cleaner motor/fan system, the absolute barometricpressure at the test location (elevation) and test time.3.1.14.1 DiscussionIt is not the equivalent mean sea levelvalue of barometric pressure typically reported by the airportand we

20、ather bureaus. It is sometimes referred to as theuncorrected barometric pressure (that is, not corrected to themean sea level equivalent value). Refer to 5.4 for additionalinformation.3.1.15 unit, nsingle vacuum cleaner motor/fan system ofthe model being tested.4. Significance and Use4.1 The test re

21、sults allow the comparison of the maximumair power at the vacuum cleaner motor/fan system inlet underthe conditions of this test method.5. Apparatus5.1 Plenum ChamberSee Specification F431 or IEC60312 Section 5.2.8.2 (Figure 13c).5.2 Water Manometers, or equivalent instruments. One tomeasure from 0

22、to 6 in. (152.4 mm) in increments of 0.01 in.(0.254 mm), and one with increments of 0.1 in (2.54 mm) foruse in making measurements above 6 in. (152.4 mm). A singleinstrument having a resolution of 0.01 in. (0.254 mm) over theentire required range may be used instead of two separateinstruments.5.3 Po

23、wer analyzer, to provide measurements accurate towithin 61%.5.4 Barometer, with an accuracy of 60.05 in. of mercury(1.27 mm of mercury), capable of measuring and displayingabsolute barometric pressure, scale divisions 0.02 in. (0.51mm) or finer.5.4.1 Mercury barometers, in general, measure and displ

24、aythe absolute barometric pressure. Some corrections may beneeded for temperature and gravity. Consult the ownersmanual.5.4.2 When purchasing an aneroid or electronic barometer,be sure to purchase one which displays the absolute barometricpressure, not the mean sea level equivalent barometric pressu

25、revalue. These types of barometers generally have temperaturecompensation built into them and do not need to be correctedfor gravity.5.5 Sharp-Edge Orifice PlatesSee specifications in Speci-fication F431.5.6 ThermometerSolid-stem, ambient thermometer hav-ing a range from 18 to 89F (or 8 to +32C) wit

26、h graduationsin 0.2F (0.1C), conforming to the requirements for thermom-eter 63F (17C) as prescribed in Specification E1.Asanalternative, thermometers S63F or S63C, as prescribed inSpecification E2251, may be used. In addition, thermometricdevices such as resistance temperature detectors (RTDs),ther

27、mistors, or thermocouples of equal or better accuracy maybe used.5.7 PsychrometerThermometers graduated in 0.2F(0.1C).5.8 Voltage, Regulator System, to control the input voltageto the vacuum cleaner motor/fan system. The regulator systemshall be capable of maintaining the vacuum cleaner motor/fansys

28、tems rated voltage 61 % and rated frequency 61Hzhaving a wave form that is essentially sinusoidal with 3 %maximum harmonic distortion for the duration of the test.6. Sampling6.1 A minimum of three units of the same model vacuumcleaner motor/fan system, selected at random in accordancewith good stati

29、stical practice, shall constitute the populationsample.6.1.1 To determine the best estimate of maximum air powerfor the population of the vacuum cleaner motor/fan systemmodel being tested, the arithmetic mean of the maximum airpower of the sample from the population shall be establishedby testing it

30、 to a 90 % confidence level within 65%.6.1.2 Annex A2 provides a procedural example for deter-mining the 90 % confidence level and when the sample sizeshall be increased.NOTE 2See Annex A2 for method of determining 90 % confidencelevel.7. Preparation for Test7.1 Mount the vacuum cleaner motor/fan sy

31、stem unit to theplenum chamber by any convenient method meeting therequirements of 7.1.1 7.1.5.1. See Fig. 1 for an example of amotor mounted to the plenum chamber.7.1.1 The motor/fan system inlet shall be centered withrespect to the outlet opening of the plenum chamber.7.1.2 The motor/fan system in

32、let shall be mounted to theplenum chamber such that the inlet does not project into theplenum chamber.7.1.2.1 If necessary, mount the motor/fan system to astandoff pipe, having an inside diameter of 4 in. and suitablelength to prevent the motor/fan system inlet from projectinginto the plenum chamber

33、. See Fig. 2 for an example.F2105 1627.1.3 Secure the motor/fan system unit to the plenumchamber such that it does not rotate when the motor starts.7.1.4 Seal all leaks between the motor/fan system inlet andthe plenum chamber by any convenient means. See Fig. 3 forexample of mounting gasket and plat

34、e used to create a seal.7.1.5 For vacuum cleaner motor/fan systems requiring apart from the vacuum cleaner housing to complete the fanchamber, it is acceptable to mount the motor/fan system to thispart and in turn mount the fan chambers inlet to the plenumchamber.7.1.5.1 It may be necessary to modif

35、y the vacuum cleanerhousing by any convenient means to allow the fan chamberinlet to be mounted per 7.1 7.1.4. The modifications shall notaffect performance.7.2 Connect the motor/fan system to the power supply usinga length of cable of sufficient size to maintain rated voltage atthe motor/fan system

36、 electrical terminals.7.3 Set the manometers to zero and check all instruments forproper operation.7.4 Record the test station pressure and the dry-bulb andwet-bulb temperature readings within 6 ft of the test area. Readthe barometric pressure to the nearest 0.02 in. (0.51 mm), andthe dry-bulb and w

37、et-bulb temperatures to the nearest 0.2F(0.1C).7.5 Connect a manometer or equivalent instrument to theplenum chamber.7.6 Connect a power analyzer.8. Test Procedure8.1 Operate the vacuum cleaner motor/fan system with noorifice plate inserted in the plenum chamber inlet at nameplaterated voltage 61 %

38、and frequency 61 Hz for 1 h prior to thestart of the first test run. For vacuum cleaner motor/fan systemswith dual nameplate voltage ratings, conduct testing at thehighest voltage.8.2 For each subsequent test run, allow the unit to reach itsnormal operating temperature by allowing the vacuum cleaner

39、motor/fan system to operate at the open orifice for 1 to 2 minbetween test runs.8.3 While operating the vacuum cleaner motor/fan systemper 8.2, insert orifice plates sequentially into the orifice plateholder of the plenum chamber starting with the largest sizeorifice and following it with the next s

40、maller orifice plate. Usethe following orifice plates: 2.0, 1.5, 1.25, 1.0 0.875, 0.75,0.625, 0.5, 0.375, 0.25 and 0.0 in. (50.8, 38.1, 31.7, 25.4, 22.2,19.0, 15.8, 12.7, 9.5, 6.3 mm). The following optional orificeplates may also be used: 2.5, 2.25, 1.75, 1.375, 1.125 in. (63.5,57.2, 44.5, 34.9, 28

41、.6 mm).8.4 For each orifice plate, record the suction, h, and inputpower, P, in that order. All readings should be taken within 10s of the orifice insertion. For orifices less than 0.750 in., allowthe vacuum cleaner motor/fan system to operate at the openorifice for 1 to 2 min before inserting the n

42、ext orifice.8.4.1 Read the suction to the nearest graduation of themanometer. Readings should be taken as soon as the manom-eter reaches a true peak. (When using a fluid type manometer,the liquid level may peak, drop, and peak again. The secondpeak is the true peak reading. A person conducting the t

43、est forFIG. 1 Motor Mounted to Plenum ChamberFIG. 2 Example of Standoff PipeFIG. 3 Mounting Plate and GasketF2105 163the first time shall observe at least one run before recordingdata. See Specification F431 for instructions on how tominimize the overshoot (first peak) of the liquid level.)9. Calcul

44、ation9.1 Correction of Data to Standard Conditions:9.1.1 Air Density RatioThe density ratio, Dr, is the ratio ofthe air density at the time of test test, to the standard airdensity, std= 0.075 lb/ft3(1.2014 kg/m3). It is used to correctthe vacuum and wattage readings to standard conditions. Findtest

45、(lb/ft3or kg/m3) from standard psychometric charts orASHRAE tables and calculate Dras follows:Dr5teststdwhere:test= the air density at the time of test, lb/ft3, andstd= the standard air density, 0.075 lb/ft3.TABLE 1 Orifice Flow Coefficient Equations (K1)NOTE 1K1was determined experimentally using a

46、n ASTM PlenumChamber (see Specification F431) and anASME Flowmeter (see Ref. (1).NOTE 2Equations for K1, in terms of Btand h are given in AppendixX6.Orifice Diameter,inches (mm)Orifice FlowCoefficient EquationA0.250 (6.3)K150.5575r20.5955r21.04680.375 (9.5)K150.5553r20.5754r21.02630.500 (12.7)K150.5

47、694r20.5786r21.01380.625 (15.8)K150.5692r20.5767r21.01040.750 (19.0)K150.5715r20.5807r21.01380.875 (22.2)K150.5740r20.5841r21.01581.000 (25.4)K150.5687r20.5785r21.01461.125 (28.6)K150.5675r20.5819r21.02251.250 (31.7)K150.5717r20.5814r21.01521.375 (34.9)K150.5680r20.5826r21.02351.500 (38.1)K150.5719r

48、20.5820r21.01651.750 (44.5)K150.5695r20.5839r21.02352.000 (50.8)K150.5757r20.5853r21.01572.250 (57.2)K150.5709r20.5878r21.02792.500 (63.5)K150.5660r20.59024r21.0400Ar 5Bts0.4912d 2 hs0.03607dBts0.4912dwhere:Bt= test station pressure at time of test, inches of mercury, andh = uncorrected suction (man

49、ometer reading), in. of water.F2105 164As an alternative, the following equation is intended to beused for correcting ambient conditions where the barometricpressure exceeds 27 in. of mercury and the dry-bulb andwet-bulb temperatures are less than 100F (37.8 C); and maybe used as an alternate method of calculating Dr(see AppendixX1 for derivation and accuracy analysis).Dr517.68Bt2 0.001978Tw210.1064Tw10.0024575BtTd2 Tw! 2 2.741#Td1459.7where:Bt= test station pressure at time of test, inch of mercury,Td= dry-bulb tempera