2018年陕西省宝鸡市高三教学质量检测（二）试题英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2018 年 陕 西 省 宝 鸡 市 高 三 教 学 质 量 检 测 （ 二 ） 试 题 英 语第 一 部 分 听 力 （ 略 ）第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解 （ 共 两 节 ， 满 分 40 分 ）第 一 节 （ 共 15 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 30 分 ）阅 读 下 列 短 文 ， 从 每 题 所 给 的 A、 B、 C 和 D 四 个 选 项 中 ， 选 出 最 佳 选 项 。AMid-February of 2018 brings us two key events: Valentines Day and the start of theYear ofthe D

2、og. Happiness and romance are in the air. Both at home and abroad various celebrations areheld for the two western and Chinese festivals. Here are some activities recommended to you,whichfewpeoplewillmissthechancetoparticipateinthem.Dog themed exhibition held in Beijing to greet the Spring Festival

3、The Chinese Lunar New Year will start on Feb 16, making start of the Year of the Dog. Tocelebrateit,anexhibitionentitled“BestWishesfromtheAuspiciousDog”willbeopened.The place: AttheCapitalMuseuminBeijing.The exhibition time: FromFeb14,2018tillMarch189:00am6:00pmperday.The main theme: The relationshi

4、p between dogs and humans, the exhibition has collectedculturalrelics,pictures,historicalfactstoshowthatdogshaveaccompaniedusthroughouthistory.Admission: 80yuanforperadult,childrenunder15free.Favorable items: Anyonewiththeirsweetheartwillenjoyfreeadmission.Alarge celebration held by Boston Chinese c

5、ommunity to celebrate the Year of the DogDate: FromFebruary14toFebruary16,2018.9:30am5pm.Place: InCopleySquareHotel,Boston.Programs: Dragondance,liondance,magicshow,Beijingoperaandballet. Food: ManytraditionalChinesefoodssuchashotpots,dumplings,ricecakes.Fare:SponsoredbyalargeChineseCooperation,allt

6、hefeesarefree.H ighlights: AnyonewhosebirthdayisintheYearofthedogwillreceiveamascotofthedog.Attention: Participantsneedtoregisterinadvancebyvisitingthewebsite:.The 2018 Dingsheng Royal Lantern Fair to welcome the coming Chinese lunar newyear.With the theme of embracing the Year of the Dog, the 2018

7、Dingsheng Royal Lantern Fairkicks off in Chengde city, North Chinas Hebei province. More than 50 groups of Lanterns invarious shapes and sizes are illuminated during the festival to promote Chinese Spring Festivalculture.Inadditiontothecarvediceexhibition,visitorscanalsowatchfolkperformances.Opening

8、 time: FromFebruary14,ValentinesDaytillMarch2.H ighlights: Andatingareawillbesetasideforthesinglestofindtheotherhalfoftheirs. Admission: 1.100yuanforeachadult,childrenunder15free.2.Anyonewhomarriedintheyearofthedogwillenjoythehalfprice.1.Whichcelebrationwilllastlongestaccordingtothetext?A.Thedogthem

9、edexhibitioninBeijing.B.ThelargecelebrationinBoston.C.DingshengRoyalLanternFairinChengde. D.ThecelebrationinCopleySquareHotel.解 析 ： 比 较 题 。 由 The exhibition time: From Feb 14, 2018 till March 18 可 知 Dog themedexhibitionheldinBeijingtogreettheSpringFestival 持 续 时 间 是 32天 ； 由 Date:FromFebruary14 to Fe

10、bruary 16, 2018. 9:30 am 5 pm.可 知 A large celebration held by Boston ChinesecommunitytocelebratetheYearoftheDog 持 续 时 间 是 2 天 ； 由 Openingtime:FromFebruary14, Valentines Day till March 2.可 知 The 2018 Dingsheng Royal Lantern Fair to welcome theconningChineselunarnewyear.持 续 时 间 是 14 天 ， 故 选 A。答 案 ： A2

11、.InBostoncelebration,amascotofthedogwillbereceivedbyanyonebornin_.A.2004B.1996C.2012 D.1994解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 由 Highlights:AnyonewhosebirthdayisintheYearofthedogwillreceiveamascotofthedog.可 知 每 个 生 于 狗 年 的 人 ， 都 会 获 得 一 个 小 狗 吉 祥 物 。 2018 年 是 狗 年 ， 12 年是 一 轮 ， 2018-24=1994， 所 以 选 D。答 案 ： D3.Howmuchwi

12、llacouplemarriedintheyearofdogpayforDingshengLanternFairadmission?A.60yuan.B.100yuan.C.200yuan.D.150yuan.解 析 ： 计 算 题 。 由 Admission: 100 yuan for each adult, children under 15 free.和 Anyone whomarriedintheyearofthedogwillenjoythehalfprice.可 知 成 人 每 人 100 元 ， 一 对 夫 妇 就 是 200 元 ， 狗 年 结 婚 的 夫 妇 享 受 半 价

13、优 惠 ， 所 以 应 该 是 100 元 ， 选 B。答 案 ： B BRecently a creative advertisement displaying the deep love between an overseas student andhisparentshasstirred upadebateonChinesesocialmedia,with manycriticizingChinasyoungergenerationofbeingspoiledandtoodependent.Inthead,whichwascreatedbyChinsMerchantsBanktoprom

14、oteitscreditcardforoverseasstudents,aChinesestudentnamedLanovercomestheinitial “fresh-off-the-boat”feelingandstartstomakefriendswithlocalAmericanstudents.Decidingtomakesomestir-friedtomatoesandeggs,a popular Chinese dish, to impress his foreign friends, Lan asks his parents in China for help.Despite

15、 the12-hour time difference,theparentswake upat4 amto make ahow-to-videofor theirson. The ad has been viewed over 1.2 million times since it was posted online on Thursday, andhasreceivedmixedreactionsfromChinesenetizens.Some called it a heart-wrenching demonstration of parental love, sharing their o

16、wn movingmomentswiththeirparents.“When I studied abroad, my mother also taught me how to cook delicious dishes over the Internet, so that I would not starve and could enjoy my life in a foreign country, “wrote a netizenonSinaWeibo,addingthattheadbroughthertotears.Othersshowedadifferentopinion,critic

17、izingtheparentsforspoilingtheboy.“Chinese parents spoil their children. I think its heartless and not touching to wake yourparents up in the middle of the night just to satisfy your vanity to impress others. Such parentallovewouldonlydestroyachild,ratherthanmakehim/herindependent,”wroteanetizen.“Ith

18、inktheboyisdumbtoaskhisparentsforhelp,asacasualonlinesearchoftherecipecanoffer at least 6 million results. Spoiling your child is not love, its called connivance（ 纵 容 ） ,”notedanothernetizen.4.WhatdoesthecreativeadvertisementleadtoonChinesesocialmedia?A.Agreateconomicinterest.B.Agreatincreaseincredi

19、tcardsales.C.Ahottopiconsocialmorality. D.AheateddebateonChinesefamilyeducation.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 由 Recently a creative advertisement displaying the deep love between anoverseasstudentandhisparentshasstirredupadebateonChinesesocialmedia,可 知 这 个 创 意 性广 告 在 中 国 的 社 交 媒 体 引 起 了 一 场 关 于 中 国 家 庭 教 育 的 热

20、烈 的 争 论 ， 选 D。答 案 ： D5.Accordingtoparagraph2,Lancalledhisparentat_inAmericantime.A.8:00amB.20:00pmC.16:00pmD.4:00am解 析 ： 计 算 题 。 由 Despite the 12-hour time difference, the parents wake up at 4 am to make ahow-to-videofortheirson.可 知 他 的 父 母 凌 晨 四 点 钟 醒 来 ， 美 国 和 中 国 有 十 二 个 小 时 的 时 差 ， 所 以 Lan 给 他 们

21、 父 母 打 电 话 的 时 间 是 美 国 时 间 下 午 四 点 ， 选 C。答 案 ： C6.WhatisthefirstnetizensattitudetowardsthestoryintheadonSinaWeibo?A.Ambiguous.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Sympathetic.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 由 ”WhenIstudiedabroad,mymotheralsotaughtmehowtocookdeliciousdishes over the Internet, so that I would not starve and coul

22、d enjoy my life in a foreign country,“wrote a netizen on Sina Weibo, adding that the ad brought her to tears.可 推 断 出 第 一 个 网 民 对广 告 中 的 故 事 持 共 鸣 态 度 ， 选 D。答 案 ： D 7.Whatsthebesttitleofthetext?A.ControversialAdDrawsMixedReactionfromChinesePublic.B.HowtoMakeaPopularChineseDish.C.TheCurrentSituationof

23、ChineseNetizens. D.ArgumentsonChinasAdvertisementBusiness.解 析 ： 主 旨 大 意 题 。 由 Recently a creative advertisement displaying the deep love between anoverseas student and his parents has stirred up a debate on Chinese social media, with manycriticizing Chinas younger generation of being spoiled and too

24、 dependent.可 知 这 篇 文 章 主 要 讲了 一 个 创 意 性 广 告 在 中 国 的 社 交 媒 体 引 起 了 一 场 关 于 中 国 家 庭 教 育 的 热 烈 的 争 论 ， 选 A。答 案 ： A CIspentaweekinRugao,Jiangsu,athird-orfour-tier（ 四 线 ） cityabout200kmnorthwestofShanghai, participating in the 20th Asian Masters Athletics Championship, I went there with asimple expectati

25、on, other than trying to get into the finals of the 100m event for the 65 69 agegroup, to take some good photos of historical architecture, of a China before development wipesawayitspast. WearrivedatRugaoatnearlymidnight andthefirst sightofRugaowasinthemorning, fromthewindowofWenfengCityHotel.There,

26、rightinfrontofme,wererowsandrowsofneatlybuiltand good quality low-rise homes of pretty recent origin.And there were many high-rise buildingsrising in the distance. The streets were landscaped and orderly and not much different fromSingapore.The basic structure of Rugao was everything a modern city w

27、ould have, not a third-tier cityaway from the modern coastal cities. I managed to visit the villages myself and along the way thesightwasofnewlybuiltfarmershomes,builtjustbehindthesmalllivingquartersofthepast.Thefew remains of the past that were still standing have been rebuilt and served the owners

28、 in theirbiggerhomesasstoreroomsorgarages.What really impressed me was the sight of the people of Rugao.The people were pretty welloff, living in good quality homes and looking very contented with their lives. The children, theyouth and the young were a pleasant surprise. They were all the stadium d

29、uring the Opening Ceremony for the Asian Masters. Some were there to perform, some were there as audiences tothis international events. And the unpredictable happened, the sky opened up, and everyone waswet.Buttheyouthandchildrencamewellprepared,withathintransparent（ 透 明 的 ） raincoatovertheircostume

30、sandtheirlatestfashionablewear.8.ThewriterwenttoRugaomainlyto_.A.takepartinasportsmeetingB.goforasightseeingC.takesomepicturesofChinaD.visitsomerelatives解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 由 IspentaweekinRugao,Jiangsu,athird-orfour-tier（ 四 线 ） cityabout200km northwest of Shanghai, participating in the 20thAsian Maste

31、rsAthletics Championship 可 知作 者 去 如 皋 ， 主 要 是 参 加 一 次 体 育 会 议 ， 选 A。答 案 ： A 9.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofRugao?A.Apoorthird-tiercityfarfromcoastalcities.B.Farmorebeautifulandmodernthenexpected.C.ItisverydifferentfromSingapore. D.ThevillagersarepoorbutthecityofRugaoisrich.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 由 There,right

32、 infrontofme, wererowsandrows ofneatlybuiltandgoodquality low-rise homes of pretty recent origin.And there were many high-rise buildings rising inthe distance.和 The basic structure of Rugao was everything a modern city would have, not athird-tier city awayfrom the moderncoastal cities. 可 推 断 出 如 皋 的

33、 美 丽 和 现 代 化 远 远 超 出 了作 者 的 期 待 ， 选 B。答 案 ： B10.Whatdoestheunderlined the sky opened up inthelastparagraphmean?A.Theskywashighup.B.Therewasabigsunshine.C.Itwasraining.D.Theskywasopenedbysomeone. 解 析 ： 语 义 理 解 题 。 由 andeveryonewaswet.Buttheyouthandchildrencamewellprepared,withathintransparent（ 透 明 的

34、） raincoatovertheircostumesandtheirlatestfashionablewear.可 猜 出 忽 然 ， 下 雨 了 ， 选 C。答 案 ： C11.Whatmightthetextbelikelytotalkaboutnext?A.ThepreparationsforopeningceremonyfortheAsianMasters.B.TheperformanceofRugaointherainyopeningceremony.C.Theachievementsofthe20thAsianMastersAthleticsChampionship.D.Thec

35、losingceremonyfortheAsianMasters.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 由 They were all the stadium during the Opening Ceremony for theAsianMasters.Some werethereto perform, some werethere asaudiencestothis international events.可推 断 出 文 章 接 下 来 会 谈 论 如 皋 雨 中 的 开 幕 式 表 演 ， 选 B。 答 案 ： B DCompanion planting is the idea tha

36、t some kinds of plants can help each other grow. Plantsthat are compatible together generally have similar needs in terms of nutrients, soil and moisturelevels.Advice about which plants are compatible is sometimes based more on tradition than proof.But experts say there is evidence to support certai

37、n combinations. These can improve harvests,reducediseaseandhelpwithpestcontrolbyattractinghelpfulinsects.For example, some kinds of soil bacteria take nitrogen from the air and make it into a formthatplantscanuse.Theplantsholdthenitrogenintheirroots.Legumes（ 豆 科 植 物 ） areespeciallygoodatthisnitrogen

38、（ 氮 ） -fixing.Thenanycropsthatsharethesamespacewiththelegumescangetthenitrogenwhentherootsarebrokendown. Beans and potatoes can also share territory well because their roots reach different levels inthesoil.Deep-rootedvegetablesgetnutrientsandmoisturefromlowerdowninthesoil,sotheydonotcompletewithpla

39、ntswithshallowerroots.But some plants placedtogether may harm eachothers development. For example, tomatoesdonotlikewetsoilbutwatercressdoes,soyouwouldprobablywanttokeepthemseparated. Some kinds of produce should be kept apart even after being harvested. This is because ofethylenegas（ 乙 烯 气 体 ） .Eth

40、yleneisaplanthormone（ 激 素 ） thatcancausesomefoodstoripentoo quickly. Apples release ethylene gas. Apricots, melons and tomatoes also release a lot ofethylene. Some vegetable are easily affected by ethylene, including asparagus, broccoli, cabbageandcucumbers.This risk of ripening too soon is why mark

41、ets often separate high ethylene-producing foodsfrom those that are sensitive to the gas. But if you put an apple in a bag with a green banana, theethylenefromtheapplewillmakethebananareadytoeatsooner.Whataboutpeaches,plumsandnectarines?Thesekindsoffruitdonotneedanyhelpfromanapplethey release enough

42、 ethylene to ripen themselves. But that does not mean there is no waytogetthejobdonefaster.Growers suggest placing the fruit in a fruit bowl or in a paper bag with the top folded over.Keep the fruit at room temperature, out of direct sunlight. Once the fruit is soft enough, either use itorputitinthe

43、refrigeratortokeepitfromgettingtooripe.12.Companionplantingreferstotheideathat_A.somecropscangrowtogethertobenefiteachother.B.somecropshavethesimilarneedsofnutrients,soilandwaterlevel.C.someplantscandamageeachotherifgrowntogether.D.agoodfarmingmethodtopreventnaturaldisasters.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 由 Comp

44、anion planting is the idea that some kinds of plants can help eachother grow. Plants that are compatible together generally have similar needs in terms of nutrients,soilandmoisturelevels.可 知 混 栽 植 物 指 的 是 有 些 植 物 可 以 一 起 种 植 ， 彼 此 受 益 的 观 点 ， 选 A。答 案 ： A13.Accordingtothetext,_cannotgrowtogether.A.be

45、ansandpotatoes B.tomatoesandwatercressC.legumesandcornsD.riceandsugarcane解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 由 For example, tomatoes do not like wet soil but watercress does, so youwouldprobablywanttokeepthemseparated.可 知 西 红 柿 和 西 洋 菜 不 能 一 起 种 植 ， 选 B。答 案 ： B14.Whatisthefunctionofethylene?A.Toimprovethequalityoffru

46、its.B.Toproduceapoisonousgas.C.Tokeepvegetablesfresh.D.Tomakefruitsripeearlier.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 由 Ethyleneisaplanthormone（ 激 素 ） thatcancausesomefoodstoripentoo quickly.可 知 乙 烯 气 体 的 作 用 是 让 果 实 早 点 成 熟 ， 选 D。答 案 ： D15.Thetextismostlikelytobetakenfrom_.A.anewspaperofmedicine B.amagazineofbiologyC.a

47、journalofagricultureD.atravelreport解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 这 篇 文 章 主 要 介 绍 了 一 些 农 业 知 识 ， 所 以 这 篇 文 章 最 可 能 出 自 农 业 杂 志 ，选 C。答 案 ： C第 二 节 （ 共 5 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 10 分 ）根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 。 选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多 余 选 项 。One day a professor entered the classroom and told t

48、he students about a surprised test.Afterhearing that, all students were seated and waited for the test to begin. 16 Once he wasdone with handing out the papers to all the students, he asked them to turn the test pages andbegin. The students were confused to see that there was not a question but just

49、 a black dot in thecenter of the page. The professor noticedthe studentsface expression and told them, “I want youtowriteaboutwhatyouseethere.”17 At the end of the class, the professor tool all answer sheets and started readingeachanswerfromeachsheetin frontofall students.All ofthemdescribedabouttheblackdotandtriedtoexplainitspositionetc 18Professorbegantoexplain,“Dontworry.IamnotgoingtogiveyougradesforthisbutIjustwantyoutothinkaboutsomething. Hereeveryonefocusedontheblackdotandwroteaboutitbutno one wrote about the white paper. 19 The white paper repre