托福-28及答案解析.doc

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1、托福-28 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSPEAKING/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Please listen carefully.（分数：20.00）_三、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Please listen carefully.（分数：20.00）_四、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.Read a short passage and listen to a talk on the same topic.N

2、ow listen to a student who is talking with friends about the policy.（分数：20.00）_五、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.In this question, you will read a short passage on an academic subject, listen to a lecture on the same topic, and then speak in response to a question about what you have read and hear

3、d. After you hear the question, you have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.（分数：20.00）_六、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Now listen to a short conversation between a student and her friend.（分数：20.00）_七、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Now get ready to answer the question.

4、（分数：20.00）_托福-28 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSPEAKING/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Please listen carefully.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(In my view, three characteristics are essential for a marriage partner. Compatibility is very important because spending the rest of your life with some

5、one is a huge commitment, and without compatibility in values and interests, and goals, it could be a struggle rather than a partnership. Um, I also think that a good marriage partner should fit into your family. Without acceptance and affection for you as a couple, you could risk the relationships

6、you have with family members, and attraction is another factor. Since fidelity is part of the marriage contract, the expression of love will be limited to your partner, so it should be a person youre attracted to.)解析：三、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Please listen carefully.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(I agre

7、e that television has stopped people from communicating properly these days. First of all, people dont communicate effectively because they spend most of their leisure time watching TV alone. In the past, people would join social clubs to have fun. Now, this sense of community is gone. Television ha

8、s made people more individualistic. Secondly, television encourages people to be passive, not active. When we watch television, we just sit there and absorb the sounds and pictures. Theres no interaction. People are losing their ability to communicate because they are so used to passively watching T

9、V. For these reasons, television stops people from communicating well.)解析：四、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.Read a short passage and listen to a talk on the same topic.Now listen to a student who is talking with friends about the policy.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(According to the professors policy, students

10、 can be absent from one class without explaining unless theres a test scheduled and then the professor expects students to go to her office to give her an explanation for being out of class and arrange for making up the test. Also, being absent more than once could mean that your grade could be lowe

11、red by one letter for each time you miss class. The student doesnt agree with the excused absence policy because he thinks that his grade shouldnt be affected by absence if he makes up the work. Urn. from his point of view, a valid reason for absence, uh, like an emergency, a family problem, or illn

12、ess, uh, that shouldnt jeopardize his grade unless he fails to keep up with the class or his works unsatisfactory.)解析：听力原文 On the one hand, its good that you can be absent once without explaining why, but on the other hand, you cant be absent more than one time without getting a lower grade, so, Id

13、rather have the option of explaining my problem to the professor if I need to be absent, and then try to figure out a way to make up the work. Look, if Im sick for two weeks, I dont think its fair for the professor to lower my grade as long as I keep up with the class. Or, if you have a legitimate r

14、eason not to be therelike a family emergency or something. I dont think you should have to choose between your health or your family and your grade in the class.五、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.In this question, you will read a short passage on an academic subject, listen to a lecture on the same

15、 topic, and then speak in response to a question about what you have read and heard. After you hear the question, you have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Corporations are similar to any other culture because they have values, norms, rituals, symbols, and

16、 texts. Corporate culture gives meaning to the daily activities of the company. Corporations have norms that regulate behavior, maintain order, and establish conventions such as clothing styles and business hours. Well-established companies have traditional corporate cultures. Many new technology fi

17、rms have very informal cultures with no fixed traditions to follow.)解析：听力原文 When you think about it, corporations have all the familiar elements of other types of culture. Corporations have values, norms, rituals, symbols, and so forth. As in any society, these things define the whole group. Corpora

18、te culture gives meaning to the daily activities of the company. The company logo and colors are like the flag of any nation. In a lot of corporations, your rank is signified by the suit you wear and the size and location of your office. Corporations have rituals, like the employee picnic or the exe

19、cutive fishing trip. These rituals bring people together to celebrate corporate unity. There are also corporate texts, such as the sayings of the founder or president. Generally speaking, well-established companies have traditional corporate cultures. For example, new employees may learn the company

20、 song or may wear the corporate uniform of dark suit, white shirt, and striped tie. Business hours are standard and office conduct is formal. In contrast, many new technology firms have a very informal culture. Employees go to work in blue jeans, T-shirts, and sneakers. They may come and go at will;

21、 they may bring their pets to work. In informal cultures like this, there are often no fixed traditions to follow. Explain how corporations are similar to any other culture, and explain how corporate culture varies in different companies.六、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Now listen to a short conv

22、ersation between a student and her friend.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The woman needs additional income to meet her expenses so her friend suggests that she get a job at the cafeteria. Even though the salary isnt very high, the free meals are helpful. He isnt sure whether theres a job available but he agrees t

23、o find out. He also recommends that she rent the second bedroom in her apartment for a minimum of $250 a month, which would subsidize the rent and utilities. The problem she points out is that roommates can be disruptive, and sometimes they arent financially responsible. But, she would have more tim

24、e to study if she didnt have to work and her friend reminds her that she could require an agreement in writing, along with a deposit. Okay, in my opinion, she should try to get a job either in the cafeteria or someplace else on campus because if she lives alone, she can maintain a quiet environment

25、for study, and she wont have to worry about a contract that could be difficult to enforce.)解析：听力原文 Student: I need to earn some extra money. My budgets just out of control. Friend: I hear you. I had the same problem last semester. Student: So what did you do? Friend: I got a job at the cafeteria. I

26、dont really like the work, but the good thing is that you get free meals. Student: Really? Are they hiring? Friend: I dont know, but I could ask. The pay isnt great though. See, the meals are the thing. Student: Oh. Still, that would cut down on the grocery bill. Friend: Yeah. Or, you know what? You

27、 could rent that extra room in your apartment. Ill bet you could get $250 a month, at least. Student: Ive been thinking about that. It would help with the rent and the utilities, and I wouldnt have to work so I could use my time for my classes, but, I keep thinking, what if my roommate doesnt pay on

28、 time, or what if theres a lot of noise. Friend: Well, youd have to have a deposit and a contract something in writing so you could keep the deposit if there were problems, and you could break the contract if it didnt work out.七、BSpeaking Questi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Now get ready to answer the question.

29、（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(According to the lecture, what the professor is saying is that 20% of the earths land is desert and the size of desert land will keep increasing in the future. Human activity accounts for a large part of desertification. Our use of natural resources and reckless use of land all cont

30、ribute to the problem. Of course, such natural forces cause desertification, the corrosion caused by wind, lack of waters, lack of soil like minerals and excessive grazing of animals. In some regions, more water is evaporated than the water coming down as rain. Therefore, due to the small amount of

31、water in an area, the possibility of clouds or rain is small and, in some cases, when the surrounding environment such as mountains cannot stop winds, more water is evaporated from the earth. All these factors are reasons behind the desertification.)解析：听力原文 Before I start our lecture today, let me e

32、xplain what desert means. Deserts are a harsh environment with very little rainfall and extreme temperatures. Desert plants like cacti are not abundant; neither is animal life. Deserts are very dry regions with limited plant and animal life. Deserts cover about one-fifth (20 percent) of the earths l

33、and area. Some deserts get very hot during the day and very cold during the night, when temperatures can drop well below freezing. Some deserts, however, are always cold, for example, the Gobi Desert in Asia, and the desert on the continent of Antarctica. Human activities are the main factors trigge

34、ring desertification. These activities are many and vary by country, society, land use strategies and the local technologies. The impact on human society does not depend solely on its density. Some human activities that can cause desertification are cultivation of soils that are fragile, or exposed

35、to erosion by wind or water, lack of organic or mineral fertilizers, overgrazing by domestic animals. Evaporation is also an important factor contributing to aridity, in some deserts, the amount of water evaporating exceeds the amount of rainfall. Rising air cools and can hold less moisture, produci

36、ng clouds and precipitation; falling air warms, absorbing moisture. Areas with few clouds, bodies of water and little vegetation absorb the suns radiation, thus heating the air at the soil surface. More humid areas deflect heat in clouds, water and vegetation, thus remaining cooler. High wind in open country also contributes to evaporation.