大学四级-184及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级-184 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your“ views on the independence of young people in modern society. Y

2、ou should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)（分数：35.50）A.The approach to native language teaching.B.The way of class management.C.The approach to English teaching.D.The way of class arrangement.A.Wait for th

3、e books today.B.Ask Prof. Li for the books.C.Come back the next day.D.Borrow a book from the girl.A.Instructor and student.B.Police officer and driver.C.Physician and patient.D.Waitress and customer.A.They differ from one another in different locations.B.Few of them are affiliated to colleges.C.They

4、 have the same characteristics.D.They are dependent on the state in finance.A.English has changed a lot.B.Shakespeare is a genius.C.English has scarcely changed.D.Shakespeare is an illiterate.（分数：21.30）A.The man loves to be a student.B.It“s easy to find a job with it.C.The man loves to study.D.It“s

5、a challenge to learn it.A.He will ask his roommate to move out.B.He will fight with his roommate.C.He is trying to transform his roommate.D.He will ask his roommate to keep fit.A.The woman isn“t interested in technology.B.Fashion doesn“t appeal to the man.C.The woman is crazy about technology.D.Lite

6、rature appeals to the man.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Brentwood in America.B.London.C.Essex in England.D.Scotland.A.It is a small town next to London.B.It has a large population.C.It is in the southeast of Scotland.D.It is a poor city.A.It“s a rel

7、atively small town.B.The people living there are very rich.C.Houses are scarce there.D.It“s close to London.A.The woman is not satisfied with the recreation there.B.The man thinks highly of the recreation there.C.All kinds of recreations are available there.D.The man thinks little of the recreation

8、there.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.He worked in a painting store.B.He worked in a printing factory.C.He worked in a gas stand.D.He worked in a bookstore.A.To print the TV guides.B.To edit the TV guides.C.To sell the TV guides.D.To prepare the TV g

9、uides for distribution.A.Delightful.B.Meaningless.C.Terrible.D.Cruel.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.They can“t lose weight.B.They can lose weight by cutting calories or exercising.C.They really can“t

10、 keep the weight off.D.They should be on a diet to lose weight.A.Senior people are less likely to gain weight.B.Senior people are more likely to gain weight.C.Once people get fat, they will suffer various problems.D.Once people get fat, they gain weight steadily.A.It may have a negative influence.B.

11、It plays a very significant role.C.It is meaningless.D.It can have a positive impact.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Prevent the students doing any movement.B.Give students more time to rest.C.Bring students more activities.D.

12、Adopt the same teaching plan for a long time.A.It can help teachers interact with the students.B.It just shows the words to students.C.It can reduce the dust in the classroom.D.It can save teachers“ time.A.Students“ ability to study.B.Students“ ability to do activities.C.Students“ ability to maintai

13、n attention.D.Students“ ability to communicate with others.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Pot using.B.Wet cloth.C.Sand.D.Temperature.A.People who eat spoiled food may get sick.B.Farmers have to throw away spoiled products.C

14、.Farmers have to sell the spoiled products quickly at a low price.D.People need money to dispose of the spoiled food.A.By electricity.B.Through an evaporation process.C.Through a freezing process.D.With the help of some special bacteria.A.He sold his invention to make money.B.He preferred invention

15、to teaching.C.He was honored with an award for his teaching method.D.He financed 5000 pot-in-pot systems to help people.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Coffee culture is a media term used to describe a social atmosphere that depends heavily upon coffee, espresso (浓咖啡) in particular, to act as a social lu

16、bricant (润滑剂). The term also 1 the diffusion and adoption of coffee as a widely consumed stimulant by a culture. The formation of culture around coffee and coffeehouses 2 the 16th century in Turkey. Coffeehouses were traditionally social hubs, as well as artistic and intellectual centers. For exampl

17、e. Les DeuxMagots in Paris, now a popular tourist attraction, was once 3 the intellectuals Jean Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir. Coffeehouses in London became popular meeting places for artists and socialites in the 18th century. 4 of today“s coffeehouses with slower-paced gourmet service, tastef

18、ul environments, and social outlets have their origins in early coffeehouses and help to form the concept of coffee culture. The term is frequently used to 5 the presence of hundreds of espresso stands and coffee shops in the Seattle 6 area. In these places, there are a lot of franchises (经销权) of bu

19、sinesses such as Starbucks and their clones across the United States and much of the world. Additionally, the term is found frequently in print media to describe the deep impact of the market 7 of coffeehouses. It is not unusual to see several espresso shops and stands within walking 8 of each other

20、 or on opposite corners of the same intersection, typically with customers 9 into parking lots. Other aspects of coffee culture include the presence of free wireless Internet access for customers. Many of the customers do business in these locations for hours on a 10 basis. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_九、Part R

21、eading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Researchers have identified 1.4 million animal species so farand millions remain to be discovered, named, and scientifically described. So how much would it actually cost to 1 every animal on Earth? A pair of Brazilian scientists has crunched (详细

22、计算) the numbers and 2 up with an answer: $ 263 billion. That“s way more than the $ 5 billion that famed Harvard University biologist Edward O.Wilson estimated back in 2000and that was for every species on Earth, not just animals. But even $ 263 billion would be a 3 price to pay to understand the cre

23、atures that 4 such essentials as agriculture, fisheries, new drugs, and energy sources, says ornithologist (鸟类学家) Joel Cracraft of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. “Literally, the world economy runs on biodiversity,“ he says. “People don“t understand really, deeply how much w

24、e depend on biodiversity.“ Most biologists agree that with extinction rates 5 and climate change looming, the 6 to document the planet“s biodiversityor biota (生物区)is urgent, 7 considering the essential role these life forms play in crop pollination, clean air, and other aspects of human 8 . “We are

25、losing species by extinction faster than we are describing new species“ according to some estimates, says biologist Antonio Marques, who 9 the new paper with Fernando Carbayo, both at the University of St. Paulo in Brazil. “We have to know the biota to preserve and conserve the biota,“ he says. Besi

26、des the money, another huge 10 to a complete understanding of the animal kingdom is a global shortage of taxonomists (分类学家), experts say. A. attempt F. effort K. obstacle B. cheaper G. enable L. small C. classify H. especially M. soaring D. coauthored I. exactly N. well-being E. come J. identify O.

27、yet（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)On Food Safety, a Long List but Little MoneyA. This summer there has been a drumbeat of food-related illnesses. Strawberries containing E.coli (大肠杆菌) killed one person in Oregon and sickened at least nine others. Imported papayas (木瓜) contaminated with salmon

28、ella (沙门氏菌) poisoned more than 200 people nationwide, with one dead. The landmark food safety law passed by Congress last December is supposed to reduce the frequency and severity of food safety problems, but the roll call of recent cases underlines the importance of the task. B. “It“s an enormous u

29、ndertaking,“ said Mike Taylor, the Food and Drug Administration“s deputy commissioner for foods, whose job is to turn the far-reaching law into a coherent set of rules that farmers, food processors and importers can follow and regulators can enforce. The agency is taking on the expanded mission at a

30、 time when Washington budget-slashing (大幅削减预算) means that regulators have little hope of getting additional money and may instead have their budgets cut by Congress. Mr. Taylor said they didn“t have resources to implement the law. “The choice is we either find the resources or we give up implementin

31、g this law. You can“t build something brand-new without the resources to do it.“ C. The agency is now in the process of writing the food safety rules, with the goal of preventing outbreaks like those this summer. One of the most complex jobs involves setting standards for farmers to grow and harvest

32、 fruits and vegetables safely. The first draft of the farm rules is due early next year. The agency is expected to deal with basics like hand-washing stations for field workers, tests of irrigation water and measures to protect fields from wild animals that can track in bacteria. D. Yet the standard

33、s must take into account a huge variety of crops, farming practices and farm sizes. The task is all the more delicate because the agency has never before had a major presence on American farms. E. For a year and a half, well before Congress passed the food safety law, Mr. Taylor has visited farmers

34、around the country and sought to ease their fears that an army of food safety officials will come storming through their fields telling them how to do their jobs. Recently, he visited Long Island, where he traveled through the sandy fields of the 30-acre Deer Run lettuce farm of Bob Nolan in Brookha

35、ven with steps. Mr. Nolan said he was initially anxious about the new law but was now eager to help the agency make it work for farmers. Mr. Taylor was joined by several agency employees involved in writing the farm rules, and Mr. Nolan told them that he hoped the visit would help them better unders

36、tand how a farm worked. F. The complexity of the FDA“s task became clear as the day went on. At the second stop, a potato farm in Riverhead, the owner Jimmy Zilnicki said that he knew little about what the government expected of him. “We“re all just trying to find out what this food safety thing is

37、all about,“ he said. Besides, he argued, potatoes were a safe crop and he questioned whether it was worth including them in food safety rules. Mr. Taylor told him the FDA“s job was to focus most of its efforts where the food safety risks were greatest. G. The third stop was a 65-acre organic farm in

38、 Riverhead, run by Eve Kaplan Walbrecht and her husband, Chris. They grow a dizzying rank of crops, most of which they sell directly to customers through farmers“ markets and buying clubs. They, too, had made costly improvements with an eye toward food safety, including building a large processing s

39、hed with a concrete floor, treated water, a bathroom and refrigerated storage. The new law remits (免除) small farms that average less than $ 500000 a year in sales and sell mostly to local customers. But Ms. Kaplan Walbrecht said that her farm brings in too much money to qualify for the exemption. Sh

40、e worried that the new law could become a burden for small farmers, either by adding paperwork or by unleashing (不加管束的) regulators with little understanding of how a farm worked. H. But while farmers worry that the rules will be too severe, food safety advocates worry that budget cuts could render t

41、he law toothless. The Congressional Budget Office has said the FDA will need hundreds of millions of dollars in new financing to execute the law, and there appears little chance that Mr. Taylor will get it. The Republican-controlled House of Representatives has passed a budget that largely eliminate

42、s new money for the FDA. The Democrat-controlled Senate has not made its own proposal. But advocates fear that the new Congressional super committee that is to propose cuts under the debt ceiling deal could further decrease the agency“s finances. I. The budget freeze or cuts would have the greatest

43、impact on the ambitious increase in inspections called for under the new law, which strengthen each year. “Writing rules is inexpensive; enforcing them is expensive,“ said David W. Acheson, a former associate commissioner of the FDA who is now a food safety consultant. “There will be a public health

44、 impact because enforcement won“t be to the extent they want to do it.“ The agency has already said that, without lots of new money, it won“t be able to conduct the thousands of foreign food inspections the law would require after a few years. Increasing domestic inspections would be difficult, too.

45、 The FDA has about 1000 inspectors trained to visit food establishments but most of them also inspect drug and medical device facilities. Hiring new inspectors or retraining existing ones is costly. J. So far, Mr. Taylor has won praise for the introduction of the new law. “I“ve never seen the agency

46、 go at anything with such enthusiasm,“ said Carol L. Tucker Foreman, a food policy expert at the Consumer Federation of America. But she feared that without a higher budget, the agency would take shortcuts. The law requires the most frequent inspections at the riskiest facilities and Ms. Tucker Fore

47、man questioned whether the agency would simply classify fewer operations as high risk to make its job easier. Mr. Taylor said that would not happen. “We“re not going to game the system,“ he said.（分数：71.00）(1).Ms. Kaplan worried the new law could burden small farmers, though it gives exemption to sma

48、ll farms.（分数：7.10）(2).In order to reduce the frequency and severity of food safety problems, the Congress passed the food safety law.（分数：7.10）(3).Food safety advocates concern that the budget cuts will make the law lack the necessary force for effectiveness.（分数：7.10）(4).Since the government cuts dow

49、n the budget greatly, the FDA has no enough money to implement the food safety law.（分数：7.10）(5).The budget freeze or cuts would have the most influence on the increasing inspections.（分数：7.10）(6).The FDA is hoped to cope with the basic food safety problems.（分数：7.10）(7).The FDA argued that the foreign food inspections won“t be able to be enforced due to lacking lots of new money.（分数：7.10）(8).No officials helped the farmers with the food safety problems before Mr. Taylor visited far