GRE28及答案解析.doc
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1、GRE28及答案解析(总分:26.98,做题时间:120 分钟)一、PART ONE (Time:30(总题数:7,分数:7.00)1.With legal migration, governments need to persuade voters that they are accepting immigrants who will be -|_|-for the country, rather than those who will -|_|-drain resources.(分数:1.00)A.beneficial merelyB.jingoistic withalC.exotic c
2、onstantlyD.amusing ungraciouslyE.helpful seldom2.At the present time, unfortunately, several governments grant permission to rapacious animal poachers, with few conditions attached and -|_|-compensation for those whose -|_|-are exploited.(分数:1.00)A.little sciencesB.diminutive ideasC.significant reso
3、urcesD.scanty environmentsE.inappropriate laws3.Except in times of -|_|-, we would scarcely allow public officials to declare states of emergency that replace some normal rules with those more -|_|-to extraordinary circumstances.(分数:1.00)A.debate diffidentB.serenity indifferentC.catastrophe germaneD
4、.obedience ill-suitedE.disaster hostile4.The reality of governance is rarely -|_|-; institutions do not operate according to mechanical laws, they evolve organically.(分数:1.00)A.staticB.nobleC.proteanD.documentedE.inconsistent5.Despite the -|_|-odds that the poor facilities and elements have brought
5、about, they have managed to persevere as an athletic team and triumph.(分数:1.00)A.insuperableB.dispassionateC.indefatigableD.steelyE.ambivalent6.In no sense -|_|-, the billionaires fortunes survived yet another financial panic that saw the bankruptcy of thousands of more prudent investors.(分数:1.00)A.
6、realisticB.immutableC.mercurialD.impecuniousE.considerable7.London possessed the manner of -|_|-.he was a man whose stately elegance suggested that he deemed himself above the -|_|-.(分数:1.00)A.a historian . misdeedB.a patrician . frayC.a poltroon . massesD.a pedant . laymenE.a decadent . immoral二、SE
7、CTION 2(总题数:1,分数:1.00)Scientists studying the effect of large volcanic eruptions on global climate have long focused on the major quantities of carbon dioxide (C02), a gas known to contribute to the greenhouse effect, produced by these eruptions. It is well observed that such greenhouse gases trap h
8、eat radiated from the surface of the earth, thereby forming a type of insulation around the planet. The greenhouse effect is essential for ecological equipoise because it maintains the temperature of the planet within habitable parameters, but there is growing concern that man-made production of gas
9、es such as CO,2 from the burning of fossil fuels may be threatening the systems tolerance, and have resulted in excessive warming on a global scale. While volcanic eruptions indubitably metabolize and accumulate C0,2 in the atmosphere, it has been recently discovered that their impact is virtually t
10、rivial compared to the quantity produced by human activities, especially heavy industry. In reality, the more substantive climatic effect from volcanoes results from the production of atmospheric haze, whereby large eruption columns inject ash particles and sulfur-rich gases into the troposphere and
11、 stratosphere, clouds that circumscribe the globe within weeks of the volcanic activity. Ash and aerosol clouds from large volcanic eruptions disseminate quickly through the atmosphere, and the small ash particles decrease the amount of sunlight reaching the surface of the earth and lower average gl
12、obal temperatures, while the sulfurous gases combine with water in the atmosphere to form acidic aerosols that also absorb incoming solar radiation and scatter it back out into space. There is evidence that volcanoes stratospheric ash clouds has a lesser effect on global temperatures than aerosol cl
13、ouds, given that the major Mt. St. Helens eruption had lowered global temperatures by about 0.1 degree C, while two years later the much smaller eruption of El Chico had, by contrast, three to five times the global cooling effect worldwide. Despite its smaller ash cloud, El Chico emitted more than 4
14、0 times the volume of sulfur-rich gases produced by Mt. St. Helens, revealing that the formation of atmospheric sulfur aerosols has a more substantial effect on global temperatures than simply the volume of ash produced during an eruption. Sulfate aerosols appear to necessitate several years to sett
15、le out of the atmosphere, one of the reasons their effects are so widespread and enduring. This corroborates the opinion of those scientists who argue that without the cooling effect of major volcanic eruptions such as El Chico, global warming effects caused by human activities would be far more sub
16、stantial. It should be noted that major volcanic eruptions have additional climatic effects beyond global temperature decreases and acid rain, for ash and aerosol particles suspended in the atmosphere scatter light of red wavelengths, often resulting in brilliantly colored sunsets and sunrises aroun
17、d the world. (分数:0.98)(1).According to the passage, scientists have decided that sulfur aerosols from volcanic eruptions affect global temperatures to a greater extent than ash clouds because -|_|-.(分数:0.14)A.the greenhouse gas effect produced by human activities tends to have a much greater environ
18、mental effect than that of volcanic explosionsB.clouds of sulfur-rich gases tend to achieve greater heights in the stratosphere than do ash cloudsC.a particular explosion producing high sulfur and little ash had a greater environmental effect than the converseD.the burning of fossil fuels tends to e
19、xacerbate the effects of sulfurous aerosols, but not those of ash cloudsE.global warming effects tend to minimize the impact of ash clouds, but not those of sulfurous aerosols(2).The passage suggests that the effects of volcanic carbon dioxide on the environment differ from those of sulfurous gases
20、in that -|_|-.(分数:0.14)A.carbon dioxide tends to alleviate environmental haze, while sulfurous gases usually increase itB.carbon dioxide tends to increase temperatures by trapping sunlight, while sulfurous gases tend to decrease temperatures by blocking itC.carbon dioxide tends to have an effect on
21、the environment, while sulfurous gases for the most part do notD.sulfurous gases have played an even more significant role than carbon dioxide in pushing environmental temperatures outside the habitable rangeE.sulfurous gases tend to decrease the level of solar radiation outside the earths atmospher
22、e, while carbon dioxide plays only a negligible role(3).Which of the following, if presented as the first sentence of a succeeding paragraph, would most logically continue the discussion presented in the passage?(分数:0.14)A.The influence of volcanic eruptions on global weather patterns is almost comp
23、letely understood at present.B.Scientists have only begun to understand, however, the effects of these wavelengths of light on the global environment.C.The majority of global cooling effects have thus been attributed to volcanic explosions.D.The human warming activities ameliorate by volcanic erupti
24、ons include those produced both by heavy industry and agriculture.E.The reason that sulfate aerosols take an unusually large time to disperse owes primarily to meteorological factors, including the jet stream.(4).Which of the following discoveries would likely have an effect upon the views of scient
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- GRE28 答案 解析 DOC
