【考研类试卷】工程硕士(GCT)英语-77及答案解析.doc

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1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-77 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：17.50)Happiness is becoming a huge area in psychological research and even in government policy, with the UK government exploring a “happiness index“. It“s tough, though, to define exactly what happiness is, and wha

2、t makes us happy. There are two broad ways of looking at happiness: short-term happiness (a great cookie, a bottle“ of wine) and long-term happiness (financial security, achieving your goals). Both types of happiness are valid, and important. The problem is, they“re often in competition. Let“s say y

3、ou“ve got a goal of losing 50 pounds this year. You know you“d be happier and healthier if you weren“t carrying that extra weight. To achieve long-term happiness, you need to go on a diet. In the short-term, though, it“s not that easy. A chocolate cake, or a large glass of wine, might seem like just

4、 the thing to cheer you up at the end of a long dayor to celebrate with friends. It“s the same with lots of other goal. If you“ve got a tendency to prioritize long-term happiness at the expense of day-to-day pleasures, you should start looking for some small ways to bring a little joy back into your

5、 life. I“m not suggesting that you go out and get drunk every night, or that you stuff yourself with cake. There are plenty of other ways to enjoy yourself. Don“t pin ai1 your hopes of happiness on some far-off future, though. There“s no point working a 60-hour week and making yourself thoroughly mi

6、serable in the belief that things will be perfect as soon as you“re making a six-figure salary.（分数：17.50）(1).A proper title for the passage is “_“.（分数：3.50）A.Happy ThereafterB.Beyond HappinessC.Happiness In, Happiness OutD.Happy Now or in the Future?(2).Paragraph 2 is mainly about _.（分数：3.50）A.what

7、makes us happyB.how to understand happinessC.how we can be happierD.what happiness can bring us(3).The example in Paragraph 3 is meant to emphasize that _.（分数：3.50）A.both short-term happiness and long-term happiness are importantB.we tend to seek short-term happiness instead of long-term happinessC.

8、people prefer long-term happiness to short-term happinessD.short-term happiness may contradict long-term happiness(4).The word “prioritize“ (last paragraph) probably means（分数：3.50）A.treat something as more important than othersB.improve something“s value or qualityC.put extra emphasis on somethingD.

9、look for something that is difficult to find(5).The author suggests in the last paragraph that sacrificing short-term happiness for long-term happiness _.（分数：3.50）A.works wellB.can be justifiedC.is not worth whileD.makes no difference三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：17.50)Thanks to the introduction of new drugs

10、, many of the earIy problems in organ transplants, such as tissue rejection, have, to a great extent, now been solved. However, there remains a major problem. The people in need of transplant surgery far outnumber the available organs. Many countries, such as Britain, have huge waiting lists of peop

11、le whose lives could be saved by being given a kidney, lung, heart, or liver transplant. Sadly, many of them die before they reach the top of those lists. Under the present British policy, people are asked to carry donor(捐赠人) cards, and/ or put their names on the national donor register. Thus, if th

12、ey lose their lives suddenly, for example, in a traffic accident, they have given permission in advance of their deaths for their organs to be used. If they have not done so, surgeons are faced with the task of asking the grieved relatives for permission to use the organs of the dead. Of course, oft

13、en the relatives are too upset even to think of such a thing until it is too late. Organ transplants have to take place quite soon after the death of the donor. Dying and donating organs is not something most of us like to think about, and only about 14% of people have registered. Now it has been su

14、ggested that, instead of the present register, there should be a register of potential donors who haven“t made up their minds.（分数：17.50）(1).Nowadays a major problem in transplant surgery is _.（分数：3.50）A.the shortage of qualified doctorsB.the lack of transplant organsC.tissue rejectionD.immature tech

15、niques(2).It can be inferred from the passage that transplant organs most likely come from _.（分数：3.50）A.people who die in fatal accidentsB.criminals who are sentenced to deathC.patients who die from serious diseasesD.people who are mentally healthy(3).What is the advantage of registering in advance

16、to donate organs?（分数：3.50）A.The transplant may take place soon after the death of the donor.B.The donor“s relatives would agree with the surgery.C.More people would choose donation of their organs after death.D.Surgeons will not be liable to any legal consequences.(4).The low percentage of people wh

17、o have registered to donate organs indicates that _.（分数：3.50）A.the present register system doesn“t workB.dying and donating organs is an unpleasant issueC.very few people know how to donate their organsD.permission from relatives is hard to obtain(5).What has been proposed to get more donor organs?（

18、分数：3.50）A.Asking more people to register to donate organs after death.B.Having more people carry donor cards when they get around.C.Encouraging more people to consider organ donation through registering.D.Getting more people to donate organs by offering huge monetary rewards.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：17.

19、50)Recently, the American Heart Association surveyed 1,000 people nationwide about their thoughts on sodium and heart health. 61 said that they believed sea salt was a low-sodium alternative to table salt. They can be forgiven for thinking so. Sea salt is marketed as a healthy food, added to soups,

20、potato chips and a wide variety of packaged snacks labeled “low sodium“, “all natural“ and “healthy“. But in reality, sea salt and table salt are not terribly different, at least chemically. The real differences are in how the two are used in cooking. Table salt comes from underground salt deposits.

21、 Companies that sell it typically add something to keep it from clumping(结块). During processing, table salt is stripped of many of its natural minerals. Sea salt, on the other hand, is made from evaporated seawater. With little processing, it retains most of its minerals, which some cooks say give i

22、t a better flavor. But both contain the same amount of sodium chloride (氧化的) by weight, which means they contribute equally to total sodium consumption and have the same effect on blood pressure. Officials recommend that adults consume no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium a day, equivalent to a t

23、easpoon of salt. You should eat less if you are black, hypertensive(患高血压的) or older than 40. Yet most Americans consume more than double the amount they need, mostly from processed foods, so it is best to limit salt-of any kind.（分数：17.50）(1).According to the survey, more than half the people believe

24、 that _.（分数：3.50）A.table salt should be used in cookingB.it is necessary to eat sea saltC.sea salt is a high-sodium productD.sea salt is a healthier choice than table salt(2).The difference between table salt and sea salt lies in that table salt _.（分数：3.50）A.contains less natural minerals than sea s

25、altB.forms clumps more easily than sea saltC.tastes better than sea saltD.goes through less processing than sea salt(3).The word “strip“ in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to “_“.（分数：3.50）A.breakB.addC.removeD.change(4).According to the passage, the proper amount of salt consumption is related to one“

26、s _.（分数：3.50）A.appetiteB.ageC.sexD.weight(5).According to the passage, Americans（分数：3.50）A.consume much more salt than they actually needB.consume about 2,300 milligrams of salt a dayC.prefer fresh food to salted processed foodD.try to limit their salt consumption of any kind五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：17.

27、50)（分数：17.50）(1).A proper title for the chart is “_“.（分数：3.50）A.Schedule Chart for Job HuntingB.Flow Chart for Recruitment ProcessC.Descriptive Chart for an Open PositionD.Organization Chart for a Hiring Company(2).The chart is probably designed for _.（分数：3.50）A.job applicantsB.school graduatesC.the

28、 company general managerD.the human resources department(3).What happens right after the interview?（分数：3.50）A.The company will review other interviewees.B.The company will notify those who get an offer.C.The applicants will confirm job offers with the company.D.The applicants will call in to check w

29、hether they get the offer.(4).A work contract is signed when _.（分数：3.50）A.all options have been consideredB.there is no more interviewee to reviewC.the applicant accepts the company“s offerD.the company finishes training for its new staff(5).What does “Com.“ in “Com. Offer“ possibly mean?（分数：3.50）A.

30、ConfirmB.CompanyC.CompensateD.Communicate六、Passage 5(总题数：1，分数：15.00)FIVE-DAY WEATHER TODAY TOMORROW SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY High 29 Low 21 High 28 Low 20 High 27 Low 19 High 26 Low 17 High 24 Low 16 Variably cloudy Mainly cloudy with isolated showers ending in the afternoon Sunny with cloudy periods d

31、eveloping in the afternoon Thunder- showers (POP 8O%) Windy with thundershowers and possibly storm in the north Sunrise: 6:35 a. m. Sunset: 8:04 p. m. Sunrise: 6:36 a. m. Sunset: 8:02 p. m. Sunrise: 6:38 a. m. Sunset: 8:00 p. m. Sunrise: 6:40 a. m. Sunset: 7:57 p. m. Sunrise: 6:42 a. m. Sunset: 7:55

32、 p. m. （分数：15.00）(1).Which day is best for a picnic based on the information in the table?（分数：3.00）A.FridayB.SaturdayC.MondayD.Sunday(2).What does “POP“ probably mean?（分数：3.00）A.Places of presenceB.Patterns of presenceC.Probability of presenceD.Period of presence(3).Disastrous weather may occur on _

33、.（分数：3.00）A.FridayB.SaturdayC.TuesdayD.Monday(4).What trend can be found from the information given in the table?（分数：3.00）A.The nights are getting longer.B.The days are becoming longer.C.The days are growing warmer.D.The weather is turning better.(5).What day has the greatest temperature difference

34、between day and night?（分数：3.00）A.TuesdayB.MondayC.SaturdayD.Sunday七、Passage 6(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Firefighters are often asked to speak to school and community groups about the importance of fire safety, particularly fire prevention and detection. Because smoke detectors reduce the risk of dying in a fir

35、e by half, firefighters often provide audiences with information on how to install these protective devices in their homes. Specifically, they tell them these things. A smoke detector should be placed on each floor of a home. While sleeping, people are in particular danger of an emergent fire, and t

36、here must be detector outside each sleeping area. A good site for a detector would be a hallway that runs between living spaces and bedrooms. Because of the dead-air space that might be missed by hot air bouncing around above a fire, smoke detector should be installed either on the ceiling at least

37、four inches from the nearest wall, or high on a wall at least four, but no further than twelve, inches from the ceiling. Detectors should not be mounted near windows, entrances, or other places where drafts (过堂风) might direct the smoke away from the unit. Nor should they be placed in kitchens and ga

38、rages, where cooking and gas fumes are likely to cause false alarms.（分数：15.00）(1).One responsibility of a firefighter is to _.（分数：3.00）A.install smoke detectors in residents“ homesB.check if smoke detectors are properly installedC.speak to residents about how to prevent firesD.develop fire safety pr

39、ograms for schools(2).Compared with homes without smoke detectors, homes with them give their owners a 50% better chance of _.（分数：3.00）A.preventing a fireB.surviving a fireC.detecting a hidden fireD.not getting injured in a fire(3).A smoke detector must always be placed _.（分数：3.00）A.outside all bedr

40、ooms in a homeB.on any levels of a homeC.in all hallways of a homeD.in kitchens where fires are most likely to start(4).The passage implies that dead-air space is most likely to be found _.（分数：3.00）A.on a ceiling four inches away from a wallB.near an open windowC.in kitchens and garagesD.close to wh

41、ere a wall meets a ceiling(5).What is the focus of this passage?（分数：3.00）A.The proper installation of home smoke detectors.B.How firefighters carry out their responsibilities.C.The detection of dead-air space on walls and ceilings.D.How smoke detectors prevent fires in homes.工程硕士(GCT)英语-77 答案解析(总分：1

42、00.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：17.50)Happiness is becoming a huge area in psychological research and even in government policy, with the UK government exploring a “happiness index“. It“s tough, though, to define exactly what happiness is, and what makes us happy. There a

43、re two broad ways of looking at happiness: short-term happiness (a great cookie, a bottle“ of wine) and long-term happiness (financial security, achieving your goals). Both types of happiness are valid, and important. The problem is, they“re often in competition. Let“s say you“ve got a goal of losin

44、g 50 pounds this year. You know you“d be happier and healthier if you weren“t carrying that extra weight. To achieve long-term happiness, you need to go on a diet. In the short-term, though, it“s not that easy. A chocolate cake, or a large glass of wine, might seem like just the thing to cheer you u

45、p at the end of a long dayor to celebrate with friends. It“s the same with lots of other goal. If you“ve got a tendency to prioritize long-term happiness at the expense of day-to-day pleasures, you should start looking for some small ways to bring a little joy back into your life. I“m not suggesting

46、 that you go out and get drunk every night, or that you stuff yourself with cake. There are plenty of other ways to enjoy yourself. Don“t pin ai1 your hopes of happiness on some far-off future, though. There“s no point working a 60-hour week and making yourself thoroughly miserable in the belief tha

47、t things will be perfect as soon as you“re making a six-figure salary.（分数：17.50）(1).A proper title for the passage is “_“.（分数：3.50）A.Happy ThereafterB.Beyond HappinessC.Happiness In, Happiness OutD.Happy Now or in the Future? 解析：解析 首先必须搞清楚四种选项的确切意思。A 项的意思为“以后的幸福”，B 项的意思为“幸福之外”，C 项的意思为“里里外外的幸福”，D 项的意

48、思为“现在幸福还是将来幸福”。第二段第一个句子将幸福分为“short term(暂时的)”和“long term(以后或长期的)”。全文都在讲这两种幸福，所以可以判断答案是 D。(2).Paragraph 2 is mainly about _.（分数：3.50）A.what makes us happyB.how to understand happiness C.how we can be happierD.what happiness can bring us解析：解析 只需分析段落主题句(本段第一个句子)即可判断答案。原文中的“look at happiness”=选项中的“under

49、stand happiness”。其他选项在原文中没有依据。(3).The example in Paragraph 3 is meant to emphasize that _.（分数：3.50）A.both short-term happiness and long-term happiness are importantB.we tend to seek short-term happiness instead of long-term happinessC.people prefer long-term happiness to short-term happinessD.short-term happiness may contradict long-term happiness 解析：解析 第二段最后一个句子引起了一个主题：“两种幸福经常有冲突”，而第三段的例子说明了这一点。所以，D 项的“暂时的幸福和将来的可能会有矛盾”最为符合这一主题。其他选项的说法在文章中没有依据。(4).The word “prioritize“ (las