ISO 14649-1-2003 Industrial automation systems and integration - Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers - Part 1 Overview and.pdf

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1、 Reference number ISO 14649-1:2003(E) ISO 2003INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14649-1 First edition 2003-03-01 Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles Systmes dautomatisation indust

2、rielle et intgration Commande des dispositifs physiques Modle de donnes pour les contrleurs numriques informatiss Partie 1: Aperu et principes fondamentaux ISO 14649-1:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be pr

3、inted or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no

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5、is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or

6、 by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E

7、-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All rights reservedISO 14649-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 3.1 Terms defined in ISO 10303-1 2 3.2 Terms def

8、ined in ISO 10303-11 2 3.3 Terms defined in ISO 10303-21 3 3.4 Terms defined in ISO 10303-224 3 3.5 Terms defined in ISO 2806 . 3 3.6 New definitions in ISO 14649 . 3 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 4 5 Overview of ISO 14649 4 5.1 Purpose 4 5.2 The manufacturing cycle 4 5.3 Program organization. 6 5

9、.4 Project description 6 5.5 Executables and the Workplan 6 5.6 Workingstep and machining operation 7 5.7 Geometric description 8 5.8 Manufacturing feature description 8 5.9 Implementation of the program data file 8 Annex A (informative) Use and assignment of design features for machining geometry 9

10、 Annex B (informative) Application Activity Model (AAM). 12 Annex C (informative) Structure of ISO 14649 data model. 20 Annex D (informative) Relationship between ISO 14649 and ISO 10303 (STEP) . 21 Annex E (informative) Scenario. 24 Bibliography . 28 ISO 14649-1:2003(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reser

11、vedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which

12、a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matt

13、ers of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circul

14、ated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsib

15、le for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14649-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Industrial automation systems and integration, Subcommittee SC 1, Physical device control. ISO 14649 consists of the following parts, under the general title Industrial automation systems an

16、d integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers: NOTE Phase numbers below refer to the planned release phases of ISO 14649 which are described in Annex D. Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles (Phase 1) Part 10: General process data (Phase 1) Part 11: Pr

17、ocess data for milling (Phase 1) Part 12: Process data for turning (Phase 2) Part 13: Process data for wire-EDM (Phase 2) Part 14: Process data for sink-EDM (Phase 2) Part 111: Tools for milling (Phase 1) Part 121: Tools for turning (Phase 2) Gaps in the numbering were left to allow further addition

18、s. ISO 14649-10 is the ISO 10303 Application Reference Model (ARM) for process-independent data. ISO 10303 ARMs for specific technologies are added after part 10. This part of ISO 14649 has a strong relationship to ISO 10303 AP238, which is a one-to-one 100 % mapping of ISO 14649, where ISO 14649 re

19、presents the ARM and AP238 the AIM. This relationship is referenced in this document and in other parts of ISO 14649. ISO 14649 is harmonized with ISO 10303 in the common field of Product Data over the whole life cycle. Figure D.1 shows the different fields of standardization between ISO 14649, ISO

20、10303 and CNC manufacturers with respect to implementation and software development. ISO 14649-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved vIntroduction Modern manufacturing enterprises are built from facilities spread around the globe, which contain equipment from hundreds of different manufacturers. Im

21、mense volumes of product information must be transferred between the various facilities and machines. Todays digital communications standards have solved the problem of reliably transferring information across global networks. For mechanical parts, the description of product data has been standardiz

22、ed by ISO 10303. This leads to the possibility of using standard data throughout the entire process chain in the manufacturing enterprise. Impediments to realizing this principle are the data formats used at the machine level. Most computer numerical control (CNC) machines are programmed in the ISO

23、6983 “G and M code” language. Programs are typically generated by computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems that use computer-aided design (CAD) information. However, ISO 6983 limits program portability for three reasons. First, the language focuses on programming the tool center path with respect

24、to machine axes, rather than the machining process with respect to the part. Second, the standard defines the syntax of program statements, but in most cases leaves the semantics ambiguous. Third, vendors usually supplement the language with extensions that are not covered in the limited scope of IS

25、O 6983. ISO 14649 is a new model of data transfer between CAD/CAM systems and CNC machines. It remedies the shortcomings of ISO 6983 by specifying machining processes rather than machine tool motion, using the object-oriented concept of Workingsteps. Workingsteps correspond to high-level machining f

26、eatures and associated process parameters. CNCs are responsible for translating Workingsteps to axis motion and tool operation. A major benefit of ISO 14649 is its use of existing data models from ISO 10303. ISO/TC 184/SC 1/WG 7 envisions a gradual evolution from ISO 6983 programming to portable fea

27、ture-based programming. Early adopters of ISO 14649 will certainly support data input of legacy “G and M codes” manually or through programs, just as modern controllers support both command-line interfaces and graphical user interfaces. This will likely be made easier as open-architecture controller

28、s become more prevalent. Therefore, ISO 14649 does not include legacy program statements, which would otherwise dilute the effectiveness of the standard. ISO 14649 is harmonized with ISO 10303 in the common field of Product Data by the ISO 10303-238 Application Interpreted Model (AIM) over the whole

29、 life cycle. This document, ISO 14649-1, “Overview and fundamental principles,” has five informative annexes. Annex A shows the use and assignment of features from ISO 10303-224 in ISO 14649, Annex B is the Application Activity Model that explains the environment and the activities of ISO 14649 in t

30、he manufacturing process. Annex C shows an overview of the data model structure as an EXPRESS-G diagram. Annex D describes the relationship of ISO 14649 to ISO 10303 (STEP). Annex E is a hypothetical scenario, intended to illustrate the life cycle application of ISO 14649 to a manufacturing enterpri

31、se. It is a vision of the future of manufacturing data transfer as intended by this International Standard. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14649-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 1Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers

32、 Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles 1 Scope This part of ISO 14649 provides an introduction and overview of a data model for Computerized Numerical Controllers and explains its advantages and basic principle, based on the concepts of Product Data. 2 Normative references The following refere

33、nced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 841:2001, Industrial automation systems and integration Numerical

34、 control of machines Coordinate system and motion nomenclature ISO 2806:1994, Industrial automation systems Numerical control of machines Vocabulary ISO 4342:1985, Numerical control of machines NC processor input Basic part program reference language ISO 4343:2000, Industrial automation systems Nume

35、rical control of machines NC processor output Post processor commands ISO/TR 6132:1981, Numerical control of machines Operational command and data format ISO 6983-1:1982, Numerical control of machines Program format and definition of address words Part 1: Data format for positioning, line motion and

36、 contouring control systems ISO 10303-1:1994, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles ISO 10303-11:1994, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 11: Descript

37、ion methods: The EXPRESS language reference manual ISO 10303-21:2002, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 21: Implementation methods: Clear text encoding of the exchange structure ISO 10303-22:1998, Industrial automation systems and integration

38、 Product data representation and exchange Part 22: Implementation methods: Standard data access interface ISO 10303-41:2000, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 41: Integrated generic resource: Fundamentals of product description and support IS

39、O 14649-1:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reservedISO 10303-42:2000, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 42: Integrated generic resources: Geometric and topological representation ISO 10303-43:2000, Industrial automation systems and integration P

40、roduct data representation and exchange Part 43: Integrated generic resource: Representation structures ISO 10303-49:1998, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 49: Integrated generic resources: Process structure and properties ISO 10303-203:1994

41、, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 203: Application protocol: Configuration controlled design ISO 10303-214:2001, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 214: Application protocol: Core dat

42、a for automotive mechanical design processes ISO 10303-224:2001, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 224: Application protocol: Mechanical product definition for process planning using machining features 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes

43、 of this document, the following terms and definitions apply, some of which are defined in ISO 10303 and other standards. 3.1 Terms defined in ISO 10303-1 application application activity model application interpreted model application protocol application reference model data data exchange implemen

44、tation model information information model interpretation model product product data 3.2 Terms defined in ISO 10303-11 attribute entity ISO 14649-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 3entity data type entity instance EXPRESS language 3.3 Terms defined in ISO 10303-21 physical file format 3.4 Terms

45、 defined in ISO 10303-224 fixture machining features manufacturing feature 3.5 Terms defined in ISO 2806 numerical control computerized numerical control tool path 3.6 New definitions in ISO 14649 3.6.1 workingstep machining information for one cutting tool acting on a feature NOTE It contains a Mac

46、hining Operation. 3.6.2 machining operation technological data for a Workingstep that details the operation NOTE It is composed of cutting tool, toolpath strategy, machining function, cutting depth, finishing allowance, cutting speed, feed rate, retract plane, safety plane, approach strategy, and re

47、tract strategy. 3.6.3 workplan collection of Workingsteps with an execution sequence NOTE It contains a list of Executables. 3.6.4 executable one of Workingstep, NC Function, or Program Structure 3.6.5 NC function one of Display Message, Optional Stop, Program Stop, Exchange Pallet, Index Pallet, In

48、dex Table, Set Mark, Unload Tool, or Wait for Mark ISO 14649-1:2003(E) 4 ISO 2003 All rights reserved3.6.6 program structure one of Workplan, Parallel, If statement, While statement, or Assignment 3.6.7 project entity which serves as a starting point for program execution 4 Symbols and abbreviated t

49、erms For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply. AAM Application Activity Model AIM Application Interpreted Model AP Application Protocol ARM Application Reference Model CNC Computerized Numerical Control 5 Overview of ISO 14649 5.1 Purpose The purpose of ISO 14649 is to: cover the current and expected future needs for data exchange; support the direct use of computer-generated product data from ISO 10303; c