（通用版）2019中考英语二轮复习连词讲义.doc

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1、1连词学员姓名： 年 级： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：授课日期 授课时段授课主题 连词 教学内容课前回顾知识梳理知识点 1：连词连词是一种虚词，不能担任一个句子成分。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。2.1 并列连词1.并列连词的功能：连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。即，连接两个平行的成分或句子。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, as well as, bothand, not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor, (and)then 等等。2.并列连词的用法表

2、示连接两个共同概念and 和 or1)并列结构中，or 通常用于否定句，and 用于肯定句。2)但有时 and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：There is no air or water in the moon.There is no air and no water on the moon.在否定中并列结构用 or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用 and。2bothand 两者都 (两者都强调，谓语动词为复数)not onlybut (also),不但而且 (强调后者，就近原则)注意：not only but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词

3、not 而 必须倒装。Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.neithenor 意思为“既不也不“ (就近原则)Neither you nor he is to blame. as well as 也 (强调前者，就远原则) The students as well as their class teacher like watching football matches very much.I have one of his plays as well as a few of his no

4、vels.表示选择的并列结构 1) or 意思为“否则“。I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam.2) eitheror 意思为“或者或者“。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。Either you or I am right.表示转折或对比1) but 表示转折，while 表示对比。some people love cats, while others hate them.2) notbut 意思为“不是而是“not 和 but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bone

5、s) of a human being.表示因果关系1) forfor 是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。32) so, thereforeHe hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game.备注：a.两个并列连词不能连用，但 therefore, then, yet.可以和并列连词连用。You can watch TV, and or you can go to bed.He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldnt play in the game.b.

6、 although yet，但 although 不与 but 连用。(错) Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work(对) Although he was weak, yet he tried his best to do the work. 比较 so 和 such其规律由 so 与 such 的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词 many，few，much， little 连用，形成固定搭配。2.2 从属连词1.引导宾语从句的从属

7、连词有三个：that (无词义，可省略)；whether (是否)，可与“or (not) ”连用；if(是否)。它们在从句中都不作成分。在 ask,wonder,not know,want to know,not be sure 等后常用 whether 或 if 从句，而不用 that 从句。2.引导状语从句的从属连词：从句种类 主要从属连词时间从句 when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whenever条件从句 if, unless 目的从句 in order that, so that 结果从句 sothat, suchthat, s

8、o that, so原因从句 because, as, since4让步从句 although, though, even though(if), while方式从句 as if, as though地点从句 where, wherever比较从句 than, as常用连词的用法辨析1 while, when, as这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。1) 当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a

9、 police car.2) 当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是 while。例如：While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是 as。例如：As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.4) 当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边一边”时，最常用 as。例如：Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.She

10、looked behind from time to time as she went5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用 when。例如：When he finished his work, he took a short rest.6) 当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用 when。例如：When John arrived I was cooking lunch.2.as, because, since , for这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用 because。因此，because 引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：I stayed

11、 at home because it rained.-Why arent you going?-Because I dont want to.52) 如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用 as 或 since。Since 比 as 稍微正式一点。As 和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：As he wasnt ready, we left without him.Since I have no money, I cant buy any food.3) for 用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for 引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For 引导的句子不放在句子的开头。

12、例如：I decided to stop and have lunch-for I was feeling quite hungry.3.if, whetherif 和 whether 都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如：I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.I dont know whether (if) he likes that film.在下列情况下，只能用 whether,不能用 if：1) 引导主语从句时。例如：Whether he will come to the party is unknown

13、. 2) 引导表语从句时。例如：The question is whether I can pass the exam.3) 在不定式前。例如：I havent made up my mind whether to go there or not.4.sothat, such.that1) sothat 中的 so 是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而 such.that 中的 such 是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：Im so tired that I cant walk any farther.It was such a warm day that he went swimming

14、.2) 如果在名词之前有 many, much, little, few 时，用 so,不用 such。例如：He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.65.eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如：Either you or he is wrong.Neither he no

15、r his children like fish.Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.6.although, but这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或 He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others

16、.7.because, so这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或 John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.3定语从句、名词性从句也有其自己相应的从属连词，这个在高中会详细讲解，这里不展开。随堂练习：1. Which mobile phone would you like to buy, a Nokia an iPhone4

17、 ?A. so B.or C.but D. and2. Jack was half an hour late for the party he was stuck in a traffic jam.A. unless B. while C. because D. if3. “Can you help me carry these boxes upstairs?“ Mary asked Tom. (合并为一句)7Mary asked Tom he help her carry these boxes upstairs.4. My uncle doesnt have much money. _he

18、 always enjoys himself. A. but B. so C. and D. or5. The comic strip is _funny_ readers art fond of it. A. too, to B. so, that C. very, to D. too, that6. If I dont finish my homework, my mother will not allow me to play computer games. (保持句意基本不变)I wont be _to play computer games_ I finish my homework

19、.7.”Have you got ready for the final exam?” Our class teacher asked the students. (合并一句)Our class teacher asked us _ we _got ready for the final exams.8.He didnt realize his mistake _ he was told about it.A. if B. while C. until D. since9.The problem is _will be in charge of our school newspaper. A.

20、 who B. when C. what D. where10.We must do something to protect the earth,_ we will lose our home. A. or B. but C. so D. and15 B C . if/whether, could; A 610 B allowed unless; . if/whether had; C A专题过关11.The teacher asked us, “Have you finished reading the passage?“（保持句意基本不变）The teacher asked us _ w

21、e _ finished reading the passage.12. Dont stay up too late. _ youll find it hard to get up on time tomorrow. A. or B. but C. and D. so13. Susan did quite well in the final exam _ she had missed two weeks lessons.A. though B. if C. because D. unless14. Rose went to the car exhibition yesterday. Danny

22、 went there, too. (保持句意基本不变) _ Rose _ Danny went to the car exhibition yesterday.15. Does Mike like his new job? Mikes parents wonder. (合并为一句) 8Mikes parents wonder _ he _ his new job.16. I decided not to buy frozen dumplings the government said they were safe.A.because B. though C. since D. or17. F

23、resh water is limited. We cant waste it any more. (合并为一句) Fresh water is limited we cant waste it any more.18. Please tell us what we should do to protect our environment. (改为简单句) Please tell us do to protect our environment. 19. Work harder, or youll not succeed in your new job. (保持句意基本不变) work har

24、der, youll not succeed in your new job.20. I cant understand the sentence _ there are no new words in it. A. if B. until C. though D. because 21. The police asked _ we saw anybody break into the house to steal things.A. who B. if C. what D. where22. Billy doesnt know what happened. Billy doesnt care

25、 what happened. (保持句意基本不变)Billy _ knows _ cares what happened. 23. We will remember the picture _ it is silly, strange and colorful. A. unless B. if C. before D. after24. Speak louder_ everyone in the meeting room can hear you clearly. A. so that B. in order to C. since D. because25. There is some f

26、ood and drinks in the fridge. (改为否定句) There is food drinks in the fridge.26. If I cant find my bike, Ill have to walk to school every day.I find my bike, Ill have to walk to school every day.27. I am afraid you wont get the job youre the best. A. if B. as soon as C. because D. unless28. Put these us

27、ed batteries into the green bins, it will pollute the environment. A. and B. or C. so D. for29. the manager cant make the service better, the shop will soon lose all the customers. A. When B. If C. Because D. Although930. What shall I do next? I wondered. (合并为一句) I wondered do next.31. The robot on

28、the desk is nearly as small as a match box. (保持句意不变) The robot on the desk is nearly the a match box.32. Mr Black has made many Chinese friends he came to China.A. before B. until C. as soon as D. since33. The beef tastes the pork. Please make yourself at home. A. as better as B. much better than C.

29、 the best than D. as well as34. This English-English dictionary cost me a lot, its really useful for me.A. so B. nor C. or D. but35. Unless you clean your teeth regularly, you will get toothache. (保持句意不变) you clean your teeth regularly, you will get toothache.36. It was very big. They couldnt take t

30、he suitcase with them. (合并句子) It was big they couldnt take the suitcase with them.37. The manager thought the old lady was right, he didnt take her advice.A. or B.so C.but D. and38. you have been in Beijing for many years, you must be quite familiar with the city. A. While B. Since C. When D. Unless

31、39. Both my brother and I like this song. (改为否定句) my brother I like this song.40. You will be late for school unless you leave now. (保持句意基本不变) You will be late for school you leave now.41. The black suitcase is the red one. Ill take the red one. A. so expensive as B. much expensive thanC. more expen

32、sive as D. much more expensive than42. We will go to Happy Valley tomorrow it rains. A. until B. when C. unless D. if43. the World Expo was over, a lot of visitors still go to the China Pavilion to enjoy themselves and take photos. A. Although B. Since C. When D. As1044. Farmers are using fires to c

33、lear the land in order to plant crops. (保持句意不变)Farmers are using fires to clear the land they can plant crops.45. Ginger cant dance as _ as Jasmine, but she still got the prize.A. beautifully B. more beautifully C. less beautifully D. the most beautifully46. You can buy computers at a local shop. Th

34、eyre usually mare expensive, _ you can get better after-sales service. A. and B. but C. so D. or47. Arthur, you will get toothache _ you clean your teeth regularly.A. unless B. since C. if D. before48.The weather was so cold that we couldnt go swimming. (保持句意基本不变) The weather wasnt _ _for us to go s

35、wimming. 49. The boys havent decided what they will do during this Spring Festival. (改为简单句)The boys havent decided _ _ do during this Spring Festival.50. Are you interested in reading science fiction? Tom asked me. (改为宾语从句) Tom asked me _ I _ interested in reading science fiction.51. I have somethin

36、g important to discuss with Tim. I will wait for Tim he gets back. A. as B. until C. when D. after52. Do more exercise every day, youll be stronger than before.A. so B. but C. and D. or53. We have been good friends we joined the same singing group. A. until B. when C. since D. though54. You will fai

37、l the English exam if you dont practise it more after class. (保持原意不变)You will fail the English exam you it more after class.55. Have you watered the flowers? Please tell me (合并为一句) Please tell me you watered the flowers. 56. Miss Fangs never been to Hainan Island for holiday. Mr. Lin. A. Neither is

38、B. Neither has C. So is D. So has57. Do more exercise every day, youll be stronger than before.A. so B. but C. and D. or1158. We have been good friends we joined the same singing group.A. until B. when C. since D. though 1115 A if/whether had; A A Both, and; 1620 if/whether, likes B so. that; what t

39、o; 2125 C B neither. nor; B A 2630 no or;Unless can D B B; 3135 what to D B D If, dont; 3640 C B Neither, nor; if, dont ; D4145 C A so that; A B4650 A warm enough;what to; whether/if, was; B5155 D C unless, practice; whether/if, have; B5660 C C old enough; . how to; if/whether, was;6165 A A if/whether was; unless comes; C6670 B Though/Although.cant ; so that7174 C A the largest; D tall enough课堂小结课后复习12