EN ISO 13427-2014 en Geosynthetics - Abrasion damage simulation (sliding block test)《土工合成材料 模拟磨损(滑块测试)(ISO 13427 2014)》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 13427:2014Geosynthetics Abrasiondamage simulation (slidingblock test) (ISO 13427:2014)BS EN ISO 13427:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO13427:2014. It supersedes BS EN ISO 13427:1998 which is withdrawn.The

2、 UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/553, Geotextiles and geomembranes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users

3、are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 73853 1ICS 59.080.70Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theS

4、tandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13427 December 2014 ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes EN ISO 13427:1998English Version Geosynthetics - Abrasion damage simulation (sliding bl

5、ock test) (ISO 13427:2014) Gosynthtiques - Simulation de lendommagement par abrasion (essai du bloc glissant) (ISO 13427:2014) Geokunststoffe - Simulation von Scheuerbeschdigungen (Gleitblockprfung) (ISO 13427:2014) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2014. CEN members are bou

6、nd to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the C

7、EN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre

8、has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

9、Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 B

10、russels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13427:2014 EBS EN ISO 13427:2014EN ISO 13427:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 13427:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 221 “Geosynthetics“

11、 in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2015, and conflicting national s

12、tandards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN IS

13、O 13427:1998. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoni

14、a, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13427:2014 has been approved by CEN as

15、 EN ISO 13427:2014 without any modification. BS EN ISO 13427:2014ISO 13427:2014(E)Contents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Apparatus . 15.1 Abrasion tester 16 Test specimens 27 Conditioning 28 Procedure. 29 Calculation and expression of res

16、ults . 310 Test report . 3 ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiBS EN ISO 13427:2014ISO 13427:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carri

17、ed out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. I

18、SO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different

19、 approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be

20、the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).A

21、ny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in

22、the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information .The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 221, Geosynthetics.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13427:1998), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2014 All r

23、ights reservedBS EN ISO 13427:2014Geosynthetics Abrasion damage simulation (sliding block test)1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a test method used for the determination of the resistance of geosynthetics to abrasion using a sliding block, whereby after abrasion the loss in tensile proper

24、ties is determined.This test method is applicable to all geosynthetics used in the construction of railways.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the editio

25、n cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing SpecificationsISO 6344-2, Coated abrasives Grain size analysis Part 2: Determination of grain size distribution of m

26、acrogrits P12 to P220EN 12226, Geosynthetics General tests for evaluation following durability testing3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1abrasionwearing away of any part of a material by rubbing against another surface4 PrincipleA t

27、est specimen, mounted on a fixed platform, is rubbed by an abradant with specified surface characteristics. Under controlled conditions of pressure and abrasive action, the abradant is moved along on a horizontal axis with a uniaxial motion. Resistance to abrasion is expressed as the percentage reta

28、ined tensile strength of the test specimen.5 Apparatus5.1 Abrasion testerThe abrasion tester (see Figure 1) shall consist of the following essential parts:a) Balanced head and block assemblyThe assembly shall consist of two parallel, smooth plates, 50 mm 200 mm, one of which moves with a reciprocati

29、ng motion. The frequency of the reciprocating plate shall be adjustable to a maximum of 90 double strokes per min. The stroke length shall be 25 1 mm. The second plate is rigidly supported by a double-lever assembly to provide free movement in a direction perpendicular to INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO

30、13427:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 13427:2014ISO 13427:2014(E)the reciprocating plate. This plate is held stationary during the test and is well balanced so that a vertical load can be maintained by means of dead weights.Both plates are equipped with clamps at each end to hold the

31、 test specimen and the abrading medium. The clamps have rough surfaces to prevent slippage of the specimen or the abrading material during the test.b) IndicatorAn indicator for counting the number of cycles (one cycle = one double stroke) shall be used.c) WeightsWeights shall be used for applying th

32、e vertical load to the specimen.6 Test specimensFrom the laboratory sample, prepare five pairs of test specimens in each direction for measuring tensile strength in accordance with EN 12226.If the material to be tested presents different characteristics on the two sides (e.g. physical characteristic

33、s or as a consequence of the manufacturing process), or in the case of a specific request from the client, then five specimens in each direction shall be tested on each face. The test report shall include details of this extension of the test procedure, and separate results for each side shall be gi

34、ven.7 ConditioningThe test specimens shall be conditioned and tested in the standard atmosphere for testing (20 2 C at 65 5 % RH) as specified in ISO 554.The specimens can be considered to have been conditioned when the change in mass in successive weightings made at intervals of not less than 2 h d

35、oes not exceed 0,25 % of the mass of the test specimen.Conditioning and/or testing in a standard atmosphere can only be omitted when it can be shown that results obtained for the same specific type of product (both structure and polymer type) are not affected by changes in temperature and humidity e

36、xceeding the limits. This information shall be included in the test report.8 Procedurea) Test the conditioned specimens in the standard atmosphere for testing as described in Clause 7.b) Place the specimen to be tested on one plate and secure it by means of the clamp at each end. Place the abrading

37、medium on the other plate and secure it by means of the clamp at each end. Use emery cloth with abradant P 100 in accordance with ISO 6344-2.NOTE 1 The specimen to be tested can be mounted on the upper or lower plate. Lower the top plate onto the bottom plate by releasing the support pin for the top

38、 plate. Be sure the abrading medium and the specimen are properly aligned.c) Load the pressure (top) plate with a (6 0,01) kg load, including the top plate.d) Start the tester and operate at a maximum frequency of 90 cycles per minute.e) Operate the tester at the specified frequency for 750 cycles,

39、or until the specimen ruptures.NOTE 2 Some nonwoven materials may stretch as the test progresses, leading to sliding on the plate therefore resulting in less or no abrasion. This effect can sometimes be overcome with the use of an anti-slip underlay or similar product mounted between the specimen an

40、d the plate. Tapes or glues that change the properties of the material cannot be used.2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13427:2014ISO 13427:2014(E)NOTE 3 Where stretching occurs, the specimen can be repositioned between the clamps to give a smooth flat surface for abrasion. This repositioning

41、can be repeated up to 150 cycles of abrasion. If the stretching still continues after this point, resulting in reduced/no abrasion, the test can be terminated. Additionally, if the repositioning of the specimen reduces the width of the specimen by more than 20 % (to less than 40 mm) the test can be

42、terminated.NOTE 4 With some materials, rolls or balls of fibres can be formed on the surface of the specimen during the test. Where this occurs, the test is allowed to continue to the end and the tensile tests performed as normal. However, the occurrence should be noted in the report.NOTE 5 If a spe

43、cimen ruptures before the specified number of cycles is reached, the rupture of the specimen and the number of cycles completed at the time of rupture are reported.f) If the specimen or the abrading medium slips in the clamps, discard the specimen and test another specimen after adjustments are made

44、.g) Replace the abrading medium after each test.h) Determine the tensile strength of the test and control specimens in accordance with EN 12226.9 Calculation and expression of resultsDetermine the retained tensile strength and report to the nearest 1 %:Retained tensile strength (in %) = (B/A) 100whe

45、reA is the tensile strength of the reference specimen;B is the tensile strength of the abraded specimen.Calculate the average retained tensile strength and the coefficient of variation for the series of five specimens.10 Test reportThe test report shall include the following:a) identifier and year o

46、f publication of this International Standard (e.g. ISO 13427-2014);b) sample ID;c) average retained tensile strength (in %);d) coefficient of variation (in %);e) any deviation from the procedure, e.g. number of cycles, load, etc.;f) any unusual behaviour, such as rupture during test, formation of ba

47、lls/rolls of fibre on the test surface, repositioning of the specimen, etc.;g) the use of underlays, etc.;h) if the test is terminated, the reason/s for termination. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 13427:2014ISO 13427:2014(E)Key1 sliding block with emery abradant2 geosynthetic specimen (test

48、ing area 50 mm 200 mm) 1 mm3 top plate4 total mass (6 0,01) kg5 (25 1) mm linear motion6 vertical guidance7 eccentricity 12,5 mmFigure 1 Example of testing apparatus with sliding block4 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13427:2014This page deliberately left blankThis page deliberately left blank

49、BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services.BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter. British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited.British Standards Institution (BSI)BSI Group Headquarters389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL UKAbout usWe bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based s