BS ISO 26322-1-2008 Tractors for agriculture and forestry - Safety - Standard tractors《农业和林业用拖拉机 安全性 标准拖拉机》.pdf

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1、BS ISO26322-1:2008ICS 65.060.10NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDTractors foragriculture andforestry SafetyPart 1: Standard tractorsThis British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committee on 30November 200

2、8 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 58317 9Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 26322-1:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 26322-1:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AGE/6, Agricultural tractors a

3、nd forestry machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot c

4、onfer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 26322-1:2008Reference numberISO 26322-1:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO26322-1First edition2008-10-15Tractors for agriculture and forestry Safety Part 1: Standard tractors Tracteurs agricoles et forestiers Scurit Partie 1: Tracteurs standards BS

5、ISO 26322-1:2008ISO 26322-1:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the

6、 editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file ca

7、n be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretaria

8、t at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing fr

9、om either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedBS ISO 26322-1:2

10、008ISO 26322-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Safety requirements . 3 5 Information for use . 10 Bibliography . 12 BS ISO 26322-1:2008ISO 26322-1:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO

11、 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical com

12、mittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrot

13、echnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the mem

14、ber bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identify

15、ing any or all such patent rights. ISO 26322-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 4, Tractors. This first edition of ISO 26322-1 cancels and replaces ISO 4254-3:1992, of which it constitutes a technical revision. Additi

16、onal requirements have been included in order to take account of the technical evolution of the tractors and changes in their use that have occurred since publication of the replaced International Standard. ISO 26322 consists of the following parts, under the general title Tractors for agriculture a

17、nd forestry Safety: Part 1: Standard tractors Part 2: Narrow-track and small tractors BS ISO 26322-1:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26322-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Tractors for agriculture and forestry Safety Part 1: Standard tractors 1 Scope This part of ISO 26322 specifies general sa

18、fety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of standard tractors used in agriculture and forestry. These tractors have at least two axles for pneumatic-tyred wheels, with the smallest track gauge of the rear axle exceeding 1 150 mm, or tracks instead of wheels, with thei

19、r unballasted tractor mass being greater than 600 kg. NOTE Tractors having an unballasted mass not greater than 600 kg and a smallest adjustable track gauge of the axle bearing the larger tyres of u 1 150 mm are dealt with in ISO 26322-2. In addition, this part of ISO 26322 specifies the type of inf

20、ormation on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer, as well as technical means for improving the degree of personal safety of the operator and others involved in a tractors normal operation, maintenance and use. It is not applicable to vibration or braki

21、ng. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 500-1, Agricultura

22、l tractors Rear-mounted power take-off types 1, 2 and 3 Part 1: General specifications, safety requirements, dimensions for master shield and clearance zone ISO 3463, Tractors for agriculture and forestry Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) Dynamic test method and acceptance conditions ISO 3600,

23、Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Operators manuals Content and presentation ISO 3776-1, Tractors and machinery for agriculture Seat belts Part 1: Anchorage location requirements ISO 3776-2, Tractors and machinery for agriculture Seat belts Part 2: A

24、nchorage strength requirements ISO/OECD 3776-3, Tractors and machinery for agriculture Seat belts Part 3: Requirements for assemblies 1)ISO 3795, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry Determination of burning behaviour of interior materials ISO 4252, Agricultural tra

25、ctors Operators workplace, access and exit Dimensions 1) To be published. BS ISO 26322-1:2008ISO 26322-1:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 4413:1998, Hydraulic fluid power General rules relating to systems 2)ISO 5131:1996, Acoustics Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry Measure

26、ment of noise at the operators position Survey method ISO 5700, Tractors for agriculture and forestry Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) Static test method and acceptance conditions ISO 7216, Acoustics Agricultural and forestry wheeled tractors and self-propelled machines Measurement of noise em

27、itted when in motion ISO 8759-1, Agricultural wheeled tractors Front-mounted equipment Part 1: Power take-off and three-point linkage ISO 10998, Agricultural tractors Requirements for steering ISO 11684, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Safety signs

28、 and hazard pictorials General principles ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology ISO 13854:1996, Safety of machinery Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery Safet

29、y distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs ISO 15077, Tractors and self-propelled machinery for agriculture Operator controls Actuating forces, displacement, location and method of operation ISO 23205, Agricultural tractors Instructional seat 3 Terms and definitions F

30、or the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 normal operation and service use of the tractor for the purpose intended by the manufacturer by an operator familiar with the tractor characteristics and complying with the information for operation, service and safe pr

31、actices, as specified by the manufacturer in the operators manual and by signs on the tractor 3.2 three-point contact support system which permits a person to simultaneously use two hands and a foot or two feet and one hand when boarding, or dismounting from, a tractor 3.3 guarded by location guardi

32、ng where a hazard is guarded by other parts or components of the tractor that are not themselves guards, or when the hazard cannot be reached by the upper and lower limbs 2) Under revision. BS ISO 26322-1:2008ISO 26322-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 33.4 inadvertent contact unplanned exposur

33、e of a person to a hazard resulting from the persons action during normal operation and service of the tractor 3.5 hazard machinery parts which can cause injury upon direct contact or by entanglement of personal apparel NOTE These parts include, but are not limited to, pinch points, nip points, and

34、projections on rotating parts. 4 Safety requirements 4.1 Fundamental principles, design guidance 4.1.1 The tractor shall be designed according to the principles of risk reduction specified in ISO 12100-1:2003, Clause 5, for hazards relevant but not significant. 4.1.2 Unless specified otherwise in th

35、is part of ISO 26322, safety distances shall be in accordance with ISO 13857:2008, Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6, and ISO 13854:1996, Table 1, as appropriate. 4.1.3 Tractor engine cover(s) that can be opened without tools may be considered an acceptable guard for rotating components provided that the engine

36、cover is removable from the tractor only by the use of tools. 4.2 Noise 4.2.1 Noise at the operators position Noise tests and measurements shall be made in accordance with ISO 5131. NOTE ISO 5131:1996, Annex A, gives procedures specific to agricultural and forestry tractors. 4.2.2 Noise emitted when

37、 in motion Noise tests and measurements shall be made in accordance with ISO 7216. 4.3 Controls 4.3.1 General 4.3.1.1 Controls such as steering wheels or steering levers, gear levers, control levers, cranks, pedals and switches shall be chosen, designed, constructed and arranged so that their locati

38、ons and methods of operation are in accordance with ISO 15077. 4.3.1.2 Hand-operated controls shall have minimum clearances in accordance with ISO 4252. This requirement does not apply to fingertip operation controls, such as push-buttons, electric switches. 4.3.2 Starting and stopping the engine 4.

39、3.2.1 A means shall be provided to enable prevention of inadvertent and/or unauthorized starting of the engine. Examples of such means include but are not limited to: an ignition or start switch with a removable key; a lockable cab; a lockable cover over the ignition or start switch; BS ISO 26322-1:

40、2008ISO 26322-1:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved a security ignition or starting lock (e.g. key card activated); a lockable battery disconnect switch. 4.3.2.2 Tractors equipped with starter interlocks as per ISO 15077 on only the traction control clutch or combination traction clutch and brake

41、 control shall include means to prevent the operator from starting the tractor from the ground while, for example, holding the control(s) disengaged by hand. 4.3.2.3 It shall not be possible to start the engine with the PTO (power take-off) activated. A means shall be provided which prevents the PTO

42、 shaft from transmitting torque at engine start-up. EXAMPLE 1 An interlock switch which prevents engine cranking when the PTO control is in the run position. EXAMPLE 2 PTO clutch left disengaged until engagement is commanded after engine start. 4.3.2.4 Starting the engine shall not move the three-po

43、int linkage. 4.3.3 External control(s) for three-point linkage 4.3.3.1 External controls for either the front or rear three-point linkage shall operate under either one or the other of the following limitations: movement of the linkage, as measured at the lower hitch points, shall be limited to a ma

44、ximum of 100 mm for each activation of the control; movement of the linkage shall occur only while the control is held in the activation position. 4.3.3.2 External controls shall be located such that the operator can activate them while standing on the ground outside of the hazard zone between the t

45、ractor and the implement. This does not apply to external control system measures that eliminate or minimize the risks. For example, a control may be achieved by limiting the maximum rate of travel of the three-point hitch linkage. The preferred maximum height of the control(s) above the ground is 1

46、 800 mm, or 2 000 mm if technically justified. 4.3.3.3 Provision shall be made to prevent unintentional actuation of control(s). 4.3.3.4 Other arrangements are permitted provided they have an effect at least equivalent to the requirements set out in 4.3.3.1, 4.3.3.2 and 4.3.3.3. 4.3.4 PTO external c

47、ontrol(s) 4.3.4.1 The driver shall be able to operate the control(s) from a location which allows the operator to avoid contact with the PTO shaft or the IID (implement input device) and which also allows the operator to verify that no person is in a hazardous location between the tractor and attach

48、ed implement. The height of control(s) above the ground shall not exceed 2 000 mm. 4.3.4.2 Provision shall be made to prevent unintentional engagement of the PTO clutch. The control or controls shall be clearly identified and shall not be subject to confusion with other external control(s), if provi

49、ded (e.g. three-point linkage control or controls). 4.3.4.3 The start control shall work according to the “hold-to-run principle” for at least the first 3 s of actuation. 4.3.4.4 Engagement of the PTO using the external control(s) shall occur with no delay greater than that experienced when using the main PTO control. BS ISO 26322-1:2008ISO 26322-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 54.3.4.5 It shall always be possible to shut off the PTO(s