BS EN 13835-2012 Founding Austenitic cast irons《铸造(学) 奥氏体铸铁》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13835:2012Founding Austenitic castironsBS EN 13835:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13835:2012. Itsupersedes BS EN

2、 13835:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ISE/111, Steel Castings and Forgings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necess

3、aryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012ISBN 978 0 580 63856 5ICS 77.080.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStanda

4、rds Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 13835:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13835 January 2012 ICS 77.080.10 Supersedes EN 13835:2002English Version Founding - Austenitic cast irons Fonderie - Fontes a

5、ustnitiques Gieereiwesen - Austenitische Gusseisen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 November 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any

6、alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language

7、 made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, E

8、stonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALI

9、SATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13835:2012: EBS EN 13835:2012EN 13835:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .

10、41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Designation 65 Order information 66 Manufacture 67 Requirements .77.1 Chemical composition 77.2 Mechanical properties .77.3 Microstructure . 128 Sampling 128.1 General . 128.2 Cast samples . 128.3 Samples cut from a casting . 149 Testing

11、. 179.1 Chemical analysis . 179.2 Tensile test 189.3 Impact test . 199.4 Hardness test 209.5 Microstructure examination . 209.6 Physical properties . 2010 Retests . 2010.1 Need for retests . 2010.2 Test validity . 2110.3 Nonconforming test results . 2110.4 Heat treatment of samples and castings 2111

12、 Inspection documentation . 21Annex A (informative) Properties and applications of the austenitic cast iron grades 22Annex B (informative) Comparison of austenitic cast iron material designations according to EN 1560 and ISO/TR 15931 3, 6 . 23Annex C (informative) Heat treatment 24Annex D (informati

13、ve) Effect of alloying elements . 25Annex E (informative) Additional information on mechanical and physical properties . 26Annex F (normative) Sectioning procedure for cast samples . 31Annex G (informative) Sample preparation for the determination of physical properties . 32Annex H (informative) Sig

14、nificant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition 33Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC . 34Bibliography . 35BS EN 13835:2012EN 13835:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13835:20

15、12) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2012, and conflicting na

16、tional standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights other than those identified above. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pat

17、ent rights. This document supersedes EN 13835:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA

18、, which is an integral part of this document. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 8 “High alloyed cast iron“ to revise EN 13835:2002. Annex H provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. Ac

19、cording to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,

20、Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 13835:2012EN 13835:2012 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard classifies a range of cast irons principally used for th

21、eir heat and corrosion resistance properties. These properties are obtainable from the engineering grades in this European Standard. The special purpose grades also exhibit heat and corrosion resistance properties, but are used principally for their magnetic properties, or very low expansion charact

22、eristics. The austenitic cast irons are a range of high-alloyed materials with an austenitic matrix, containing nickel, manganese and sometimes copper and chromium. Carbon is present either as graphite flakes or as spheroids. The spheroidal graphite grades have superior mechanical properties. The pr

23、operties of the austenitic cast irons depend upon them having the appropriate structure and mechanical properties for the application. These properties are dependent upon the control of metal composition within the specified grades and the metal processing route. Typical applications for the various

24、 grades are given in Annex A. In this European Standard a new designation system by number, as established in EN 1560 3, is given. NOTE This designation system by number is based on the structure and rules of EN 10027-2 4 and so corresponds with the European numbering system for steel and other mate

25、rials. Some austenitic cast iron grades can be used for pressure equipment. The permitted material grades of austenitic cast iron for pressure applications and the conditions for their use are given in specific product or application standards. For the design of pressure equipment, specific design r

26、ules apply. Annex ZA gives information relating to the conformance of permitted austenitic cast iron grades to the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC. BS EN 13835:2012EN 13835:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the grades and corresponding requirements for austenitic cast irons.

27、These requirements are specified in terms of: graphite form and metal structure: either flake or spheroidal graphite in an austenitic matrix; chemical composition: as given for each of the grades; mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. This standard does n

28、ot cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings, see EN 1559-1 1 and EN 1559-3 2. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest editio

29、n of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 764-5:2002, Pressure equipment Part 5: Compliance and inspection Documentation of materials EN 10204:2004, Metallic products Types of inspection documents EN ISO 148-1:2010, Metallic materials Charpy impact test Part 1: Test method

30、(ISO 148-1:2009) EN ISO 945-1, Microstructure of cast irons Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-1) EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1) EN ISO 6892-1:2009, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test at room te

31、mperature (ISO 6892-1:2009) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 austenitic cast iron cast material with an austenitic matrix which is iron, carbon and silicon based and alloyed with nickel, manganese, copper and/or chromium in ord

32、er to stabilize the austenitic structure at room temperature; the graphite can be present in flake or spheroidal form 3.2 cast sample quantity of material cast to represent the cast material, including separately cast sample, side by side cast sample and cast-on sample 3.3 separately cast sample sam

33、ple cast in a separate sand mould under representative manufacturing conditions and material grade BS EN 13835:2012EN 13835:2012 (E) 6 3.4 side-by-side cast sample sample cast in the mould alongside the casting, with a joint running system 3.5 cast-on sample sample attached directly to the casting 3

34、.6 relevant wall thickness wall thickness representative of the casting defined for the determination of the size of the cast samples to which the mechanical properties apply 4 Designation The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number as given in Tables 1 to 4. NOTE The comparison o

35、f EN 13835 grade designations with the grades from ISO 2892:2007 5 is given in Annex B. 5 Order information The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser: a) number of this European Standard; b) designation of the material; c) relevant wall thickness; d) any special requirements. All

36、requirements shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order (e.g. technical delivery conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3). 6 Manufacture Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the method of manufacture of austenitic cast irons shal

37、l be left to the discretion of the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall ensure that the requirements defined in this European Standard are met for the material grade specified in the order. All agreements between the manufacturer and the purchaser shall be made by the time of acceptance of the order

38、. NOTE For certain applications heat treatment of austenitic cast irons is beneficial, but should only be specified where service conditions demand such treatment. The heat treatment processes employed are stress relieving and high temperature stabilising treatments. Details of these treatments are

39、given in Annex C. BS EN 13835:2012EN 13835:2012 (E) 7 7 Requirements 7.1 Chemical composition The chemical composition of austenitic cast iron grades shall be in accordance with Table 1 for the engineering grades and Table 2 for the special purpose grades. Spheroidal graphite grades are produced eit

40、her by magnesium treatment or by treatment with another suitable nodulariser. Unless otherwise specified, other elements may be present at the discretion of the manufacturer provided that they do not alter the structure or adversely affect the properties. If the presence of any element specified in

41、Tables 1 or 2 is required to be outside the limits indicated, or if any other elements are required, their contents shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser and specified in the order. For information about the effect of alloying elements see Annex D. 7.2 Mechanical properties 7.2.

42、1 General The property values given in Tables 3 and 4 apply to austenitic cast iron cast in sand moulds or moulds of comparable thermal behaviour. Subject to amendments to be agreed upon in the order, they can apply to castings obtained by alternative methods. Requirements regarding mechanical testi

43、ng are described in 9.2 and 9.3. NOTE Tensile testing requires sound test pieces in order to guarantee pure uni-axial stress during the test. Additional information on mechanical and physical properties is given in Annex E. 7.2.2 Test pieces machined from cast samples The mechanical properties of th

44、e grades of austenitic cast irons obtained from cast samples with a thickness or a diameter equal to or smaller than 25 mm shall be in accordance with: Table 3 for austenitic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades, with specified minimum impact energy; Table 4 for austenitic grey iron grades and auste

45、nitic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades, without specified minimum impact energy. The impact energy values given in Table 3 at room temperature, if applicable, shall only be determined if specified by the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. Other requirements, such as the mechanical

46、 properties to be met on samples with a thickness more than 25 mm shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser and specified in the order. 7.2.3 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting If applicable, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on: location(s) on a casti

47、ng where the sample(s) shall be taken; mechanical properties that shall be measured; minimum values, or allowable range of values, for these mechanical properties. NOTE 1 The properties and the structure of castings are not uniform, depending on the complexity of the castings and variation in their

48、section thickness. BS EN 13835:2012EN 13835:2012 (E) 8 NOTE 2 Mechanical properties for test pieces cut from a casting are affected not only by material properties (subject of this European Standard) but also by the local casting soundness (not subject of this European Standard). 7.2.4 Hardness Brin

49、ell hardness and its range values for the grades listed in Tables 1 and 2 shall only be specified when agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. Information regarding Brinell hardness is given in Annex E. BS EN 13835:2012EN 13835:2012 (E) 9 Table 1 Chemical composition of austenitic cast irons Engineering grades Graphite form Material designation Ch