ASTM F887-2013 Standard Specifications for Personal Climbing Equipment《个人攀登设备的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F887 121F887 13Standard Specifications forPersonal Climbing Equipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F887; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in paren

2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEA Summary of Changes section was added editorially in December 2012.1. Scope*Table of ContentsSection Title Section/ParagraphScope 1Referenced Documents 2Term

3、inology 3Significance and Use 4Pole and Tree ClimbersClassification 5Ordering Information 6Pole and Tree Climbers 7Climber Gaffs 8Climber Straps 9Climber Pads 10Climber Footplates 11Body Belts, Positioning Devices and Wood Pole FallRestrict Devices (WPFRD)Classification 12Ordering Information 13Body

4、 Belts 14Positioning Devices 15Wood Pole Fall Restriction Device (WPFRD) 16Arborist SaddleArborist Saddle 17HarnessesClassification 18Ordering Information 18.2Sizing 18.3Marking 18.4Shock Absorbing LanyardsClassification 19Ordering Information 20Shock Absorbing Lanyards 21Qualification TestingElectr

5、ic Arc Performance 22Qualification Testing (Test Equipment,Body Belts, Positioning Devices)23Qualification Testing (WPFRD) 24Qualification Testing (Arborist Saddle) 25Instructions 26Guarantee and Rejection 27Keywords 281.1 This standard covers the specifications and qualification testing of the foll

6、owing:Climbers,Climber straps,Climber Pads,Climber Footplates,Body Belts,1 These specifications are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F18 on Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF18.15 on Worker Personal Equipment.Current edition approved

7、 Oct. 15, 2012April 1, 2013. Published December 2012June 2013. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 asF887 11.F887 121. DOI: 10.1520/F0887-12.10.1520/F0887-13.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indi

8、cation of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be c

9、onsidered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Positioning Devices with Locking Snaphooks/Carabiners,Wood Pole Fall Restriction Devices

10、(WPFRD),Arborist Saddle,Harnesses,Shock Absorbing Lanyards.These devices are used by workers in the climbing of poles, trees, towers, and other structures. Minimum performance criteriafor arc resistance of harnesses and shock absorbing lanyards are included for workers who may be exposed to thermal

11、hazards ofmomentary electric arcs or flame.1.2 Three types of climbers, Types(Types A, B, and C,C) and two types of climber straps, Types A(A and B,B) are covered.1.3 Two types of body belts, Types(Types A and B,B) are covered.1.4 FourEight types of positioning devices: three positioning straps, Typ

12、es(Types A, B, and C, and adjustable positioninglanyards C), three adjustable-positioning lanyards, (Types A, B and C) and two nonadjustable positioning lanyards, (Types A andB) are covered.1.5 Two types of WPFRD, Types(Types A and AB,AB) are covered.1.6 Arborist saddle, (Type A) Positioning and Sus

13、pension are covered.1.7 Two types of harnesses, Types(Types A and B,B) are covered.1.8 Two types of shock absorbing lanyards, Types(Types A and B,B) are covered.1.9 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI

14、 units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.10 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portions, 9.2, 10.3, 11.2, 14.4, 15.3, 15.4, 19.218.4,22.221.2, 2322, 2423, and 2524 of these specifications:This standard does not purport to addre

15、ss all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for

16、 Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusF1891 Specification for Arc and Flame Resistant RainwearF1958/F1958M Test Method for Determining the Ignitability of Non-flame-Resistant Materials for Clothing by Electric ArcExposure Method Using Mannequins2.2 ANSIANSI/ASSE Standard:3Z359.0-2009Z359.0-2012 Defin

17、itions and Nomenclature Used for Fall Protection and Fall ArrestZ359.1 Safety Requirements for Personal Fall Arrest Systems, Subsystems and ComponentsZ359.3-2007 Safety Requirements for Positioning and Travel Restraint SystemsZ359.13-2009 Personal Energy Absorbers and Energy Absorbing Lanyards3. Ter

18、minology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 adjustable positioning lanyard (APL), na component of a work positioning or fall restriction system (may be used forapplications such as transitioning past an obstruction during ascent or descent).3.1.2 arborist saddle, nan arrangement

19、 of straps, fittings and buckles or other elements in the form of a waist belt with a lowattachment suitably arranged to support the body in a sitting position. The arborist saddle may or may not include individual legstraps or a rigid batten seat section.3.1.3 attachment point, nspecific connecting

20、 point on an arborist saddle for load bearing connection to other components,consisting of one or more attachment elements.3.1.4 fastening and adjusting element, ndevices that enable an arborist saddle to be fastened and allow adjustment to be madeto meet sizing requirements of the user.3.1.5 attach

21、ment element, npart or parts of an arborist saddle intended for the load bearing connection of other components.3.1.6 billet, nthe free (buckle hole) end of a belt or strap as opposed to the buckle end, which is designed to pass through thebuckle for closing.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit the

22、ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from the American National Standards Institute, ANSI, 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York,

23、 NY 10036.F887 1323.1.7 body belt attachment, na system of straps and buckles which allow the harness wearer to use a body belt in conjunctionwith the harness.3.1.8 climber, ndevice used to assist in ascending and descending wood poles or trees. Climbers generally consist of leg iron,gaff, sleeves,

24、straps and pads.3.1.9 dee-ring, D-ring, D-ring (body belt), na steel straight-sided (no protrusions along edge of dee-ring; see Fig. 1) forgingin a circle configuration with an integral stirrup to accept the belt, assembled into a body belt for the purpose of accepting thesnaphooks of a positioning

25、device.3.1.10 dee-ring, D-ring, (arborist saddle), nan element which allows for attaching a connecting device such as a carabineror snaphook.3.1.11 design test, n for arc and flame resistant materials, one made on a sample treated as representative of an industrialproduct; these tests will not gener

26、ally be repeated in quantity production.3.1.12 dripping, nin electric arc testing, a material response evidenced by flowing of the fiber polymer, the fabric, or the fabriccoating, and the evidence of droplets from the material, that characterizes overall performance relative to reducing the transfer

27、 ofheat that is sufficient to cause a second-degree burn.3.1.13 electric arc ignition, nas related to electric arc exposure, a response that causes the ignition of the material which isaccompanied by heat and light, and then subsequent burning for at least 5 s, or consumption of at least 25 % of the

28、 exposed testspecimen area.3.1.14 element, nan integral part of a constituent, component, hybrid component, sub-system or system. (Webbing,attachments and fittings are examples of elements.)3.1.15 fall arrest, nthe action or event of stopping a free fall or the instant where the downward free fall h

29、as been stopped.(See ANSI Z359.0-2009.)ANSI/ASSE Z359.0-2012.)3.1.16 fall restriction, nthe act of preventing or limiting free fall from a work position, or while ascending or descending awood pole.3.1.17 full body harness, na component with a design of straps which is fastened about the person in a

30、 manner so as to containthe torso and distribute the fall arrest forces over at least the upper thighs, pelvis, chest, and shoulders with means for attachingit to other components or sub-systems.3.1.18 gaff, na component of a pole or tree climber attached to the climber shank, similar to a spur, whi

31、ch is shaped to permitthe secure penetration of the pole or tree trunk.3.1.19 keeper, na component of the snaphook, used as a latching device and held in a closed position by a spring (see Fig.2).3.1.20 leg iron, na component of a pole or tree climber. The base or frame of the climber consisting of

32、a shank and stirrupsection. (see Fig. 3 for illustration of a leg iron with attached gaff and sleeve).3.1.21 length adjusting device (LAD), na device designed to add or take up slack in an adjustable positioning lanyard so thatthe system will accommodate various circumferences.3.1.22 locking mechani

33、sm, na component of thesnaphook used in conjunction with the keeper to retain the keeper in a closed position until intentionally released and opened. Asnaphook thus equipped, becomes a “locking snaphook.”3.1.23 locking snaphook, na snaphook with a locking mechanism (see 3.1.163.1.22).3.1.24 nose, n

34、the curved end of the snaphook which the keeper rests on. It is rounded and overlaps the keeper latch in sucha manner as to prevent the dee-ring from inadvertently releasing the snaphook (see Fig. 2).FIG. 1 Typical Body Belt Dee-RingF887 1333.1.25 part (body belt), load-bearing, na part of the body

35、belt or positioning strap that, when in use with both snaphooks ofthe positioning strap engaged in one dee-ring of the body belt, will be required to support all or part of the mass of the user. Thisincludes all the material in the positioning strap, and, in the case of the body belt, the material t

36、o which the dee-rings are directlyfastened, and the material of the buckle strap that passes across the wearers abdomen.3.1.25.1 DiscussionThis definition and the strength requirements described in 15.3.2 are designed to ensure that the buckle strap is strong enough towithstand certain emergency con

37、ditions, but are not to be construed as approval of attaching both snaphooks to the same dee-ringwhen working aloft. OSHASubpart M (1926.502) prohibits working with two load-bearing snaphooks in the same dee-ring unlesssnaphooks are of the locking type and designed for such application.FIG. 2 Compon

38、ents of Positioning StrapFIG. 3 Critical Stress Area of the ClimberF887 1343.1.26 part (harness), part, load bearing, (Type A and B harness), na component of a harness to which arrest forces aredirectly transmitted in the event of a fall.3.1.27 part, load bearing, (positioning/restrict/suspension),

39、na component of the unit to which body weight forces are directlytransmitted in the event of a fall.3.1.28 permanent deformation, na deformation occurring beyond the yield point so that the structure will not return to itsoriginal dimensions after removal of the applied force.3.1.29 positioning lany

40、ard, na component of a climbing system consisting of a flexible line of rope or webbing generally witha connecting link at each end and may incorporate a length adjusting device to allow for adjustability.3.1.30 protector, gaff, na cap or guard designed to cover the points of pole or tree gaffs to p

41、rotect the gaffs from damage orfrom injuring people or from damaging equipment.3.1.31 positioning, nthe act of supporting the users body with a positioning system for the purpose of working with handsfree.3.1.32 positioning system, na combination of positioning equipment defined by this standard int

42、ended for use in supportinga user in a work position with both hands free (i.e. climber, body belt or arborist saddle, WPFRD this listing signifies only that, if made, the equipment, types, and sizes shall conform to the details of thesespecifications.7. Pole and Tree Climbers7.1 Sizes:7.1.1 Type A

43、shall be available in sizes from 14 to 22 in. (355.6 to 558.8 mm) in 12 in. (12.7 mm) graduations.7.1.2 Types B and C shall be available with the size adjustment capability of 1434 to 21 in. (374.7 to 533.4 mm) by incrementsof 14 in. (6.4 mm).7.1.3 Adjustable climbers shall be equipped with positive

44、 locking, length-adjusting sections that can be double locked securelyto the leg iron, permitting full compliance with standards established for fixed length climbers.7.2 Materials and PropertiesLeg irons manufactured utilizing quality alloy steel, aluminum or titanium alloys shall meet theperforman

45、ce requirements of this standard. SAE 4140, SAE 8630 and SAE 8640 steel alloys with quenched and temperedstructure, 2014 T6 aluminum alloy and Ti6AL4V titanium alloy are recommended.7.2.1 Materials other than those stated herein are permitted only when it can be demonstrated by testing that all appl

46、icableperformance requirements of this standard are met and that the durability, reliability and other properties pertinent to the intendeduses have been evaluated and determined suitable by testing. Any restrictions on the use of such leg irons shall be marked on theleg iron.7.3 ProcessingIf requir

47、ed, manufacturers shall use a heat treatment to provide the required characteristics of the leg iron.Overheating shall be avoided. Scaling, pitting, and surface decarbonization shall be removed on the inside critical section of theleg iron from 2 in. (50.8 mm) below the gaff to 6 in. (152.4 mm) abov

48、e the gaff (see Fig. 3).7.4 DesignThe design of the climber shall be such that the maximum tensile stress at the point where maximum stress occurswhen subjected to a fluctuating bending force of 300 lbf (1.34 kN) applied to the center of the stirrup section with sleeve in positionshall be as indicat

49、ed in the table below. The climber shall be held in the climbing position by the gaff and at the top of the climberwith the sleeve extended to provide a 16 in. (406.4 mm) length.Leg Iron Max Tensile Stress, psi (MPa)Type ASteel 27 000 (185)Type BAluminum 9 000 (60)Type CTitanium 27 000 (185)7.5 FinishLeg irons shall be free of surface cracks and seams.All steel leg irons shall be finished with a rust-resistant coating.F887 1367.6 Testing, Inspection and Marking:7.6.1 Testing:7.6.1.1 Deformation TestThe purpose for this test