ASTM F104-2003(2009) Standard Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materials《非金属衬垫材料的标准分类系统》.pdf

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1、Designation: F104 03 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Classification System forNonmetallic Gasket Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F104; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This classification system2provides a means for s

3、peci-fying or describing pertinent properties of commercial nonme-tallic gasket materials. Materials composed of asbestos, cork,cellulose, and other organic or inorganic materials in combi-nation with various binders or impregnants are included.Materials normally classified as rubber compounds are n

4、otincluded, since they are covered in Classification D2000.Gasket coatings are not covered, since details thereof areintended to be given on engineering drawings or in separatespecifications. While the facing materials for laminate compos-ite gasket materials (LCGM) are included in ClassificationSys

5、tem F104, materials normally classified as LCGM are notcovered since they are included in Classification F868.1.2 Since all of the properties that contribute to gasketperformance are not included, use of the classification systemas a basis for selecting materials is limited.1.3 The values stated in

6、SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and heal

7、th practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-motive ApplicationsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesF36 Test Method for Compressibili

8、ty and Recovery ofGasket MaterialsF37 Test Methods for Sealability of Gasket MaterialsF38 Test Methods for Creep Relaxation of a Gasket Mate-rialF146 Test Methods for Fluid Resistance of Gasket MaterialsF147 Test Method for Flexibility of Non-Metallic GasketMaterialsF148 Test Method for Binder Durab

9、ility of Cork Composi-tion Gasket MaterialsF152 Test Methods for Tension Testing of NonmetallicGasket MaterialsF433 Practice for Evaluating Thermal Conductivity of Gas-ket MaterialsF607 Test Method for Adhesion of Gasket Materials toMetal SurfacesF868 Classification for Laminated Composite Gasket Ma

10、-terialsG21 Practice for Determining Resistance of Synthetic Poly-meric Materials to Fungi3. Significance and Use3.1 This classification is intended to encourage uniformityin reporting properties; to provide a common language forcommunications between suppliers and consumers; to guideengineers and d

11、esigners in the test methods commonly used forcommercially available materials; and to be versatile enough tocover new materials and test methods as they are introduced.3.2 It is based on the principle that nonmetallic gasketmaterials should be described, insofar as is possible, in terms ofspecific

12、physical and mechanical characteristics, and that aninfinite number of such descriptions can be formulated by useof one or more standard statements based on standard tests.Therefore, users of gasket materials can, by selecting different1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee

13、 F03 onGaskets and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.30 on Classification.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published March 2010. Originallyapproved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F104 03. DOI:10.1520/F0104-03R09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM

14、website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United

15、Sbinations of statements, specify different combinations ofproperties desired in various parts. Suppliers, likewise, canreport properties available in their respective products.4. Basis of Classification4.1 To permit “line call-out” of the descriptions mentionedin 3.2, this classification system est

16、ablishes letter or numbersymbols or both for various performance levels of eachproperty or characteristic (see Table 1)3.4.2 In specifying or describing gasket materials, each“ linecall-out” shall include the number of this system (minus datesymbol) followed by the letter “F” and six numerals, forex

17、ample: ASTM F104 (F125400). Since each numeral of thecall-out represents a characteristic (as shown in Table 1), sixnumerals are always required. The numeral “0” is used whenthe description of any characteristic is not desired. The numeral“9” is used when the description of any characteristic (or te

18、strelated thereto) is specified by some supplement to thisclassification system, such as notes on engineering drawings.4.3 To further specify or describe gasket materials, each“line call-out” may include one or more suffix letter-numeralsymbols, as listed in Table 2, for example: ASTM F104(F125400-B

19、2M4). Various levels of definition may be estab-lished by increasing or decreasing the number of letter-numeralsymbols used in the “line call-out.”4.4 For convenience, gasket materials are referred to byType according to the principal fibrous or particulate reinforce-ment or other material from whic

20、h the gasket is made and byClass according to the manufacturing method, or the commontrade designation. Type numbers correspond with the firstnumeral, and class numbers correspond with the secondnumeral of the basic six-digit line call-out, as shown in Table1.NOTE 1While this “cell-type” format prov

21、ides the means for closecharacterization and specification of each property and combinations ofproperties for a broad range of materials, it is subject to possiblemisapplications, since impossible property combinations can be coded ifthe user is not familiar with available commercial materials. Tabl

22、e X1.1 ofthis classification indicates properties, characteristics, and test methodsthat are normally considered applicable to each type of material.5. Physical and Mechanical Requirements5.1 Gasket materials identified by this classification shallhave the characteristics or properties indicated by

23、the first sixnumerals of the line call-out, within the limits shown in Table1, and by additional letter-numeral symbols shown in Table 2.6. Thickness Requirements6.1 Gasket materials identified by this classification systemshall conform to the thickness tolerances specified in Table 3.7. Sampling7.1

24、 Specimens shall be selected from finished gaskets orsheets of suitable size, whichever is the more practicable. Ifsheets are used, they shall, where applicable, be cut squarelywith the grain of the stock, and the grain direction shall benoted by an arrow. If finished gaskets are used, the dimension

25、sof sample and any variations from method must be reported.7.2 For qualification purposes, thickness shall be 0.8 mm(0.03 in.), except for Type 2, where the qualification thicknessis to be 1.5 to 6.4 mm (0.06 to 0.25 in.), and Type 5 Class 1,where the qualification thickness is to be 0.4 mm (0.015 i

26、n.).When thicknesses other than those shown above are to betested, the specification limits shall be agreed to in writingbetween the purchaser and the supplier.7.3 Sufficient specimens shall be selected to provide aminimum of three determinations for each test specified. Theaverage of the determinat

27、ions shall be considered as the result.8. Conditioning8.1 Prior to all applicable tests, specimens shall be condi-tioned as follows:8.1.1 When the first numeral of line call-out is “1” (Type 1materials), specimens shall be conditioned in an oven at 100 62C (212 6 3.6F) for 1 h and allowed to cool to

28、 21 to 30C(70 to 85F) in a desiccator containing anhydrous calciumchloride; except when second numeral of line call-out is “3”(Class 3 materials), the specimens shall be conditioned in anoven for4hat1006 2C (212 6 3.6F).8.1.2 When the first numeral of line callout is “2” (Type 2materials), specimens

29、 shall be conditioned at least 46 h in acontrolled-humidity room or in a closed chamber with gentlemechanical circulation of the air at 21 to 30C (70 to 85F) and50 to 55 % relative humidity.NOTE 2If a mechanical means of maintaining 50 to 55 % relativehumidity is not available, a tray containing a s

30、aturated solution of reagentgrade magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)6H2O, shall be placed in the chamberto provide the required relative humidity.8.1.3 When the first numeral of line callout is “3” (Type 3materials), specimens shall be preconditioned for 4 h at 21 to30C (70 to 85F) in a closed chamber conta

31、ining anhydrouscalcium chloride as a desiccant. The air in the chamber shall becirculated by gentle mechanical agitation. Specimens shall thenbe transferred immediately to a controlled-humidity room orclosed chamber with gentle mechanical circulation of the airand conditioned for at least 20 h at 21

32、 to 30C (70 to 85F) and50 to 55 % relative humidity.8.1.4 When the first numeral of a line callout is “4,” noconditioning of specimens is necessary.8.1.5 When the first numeral of a line callout is “5,” “7,” or“8,” test specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with8.1.1 (Type 1 materials).8.1.6

33、When the first numeral of a line callout is “0” or “9,”specimens shall be conditioned as in 8.1.3, unless otherwisespecified in supplements to this classification.8.2 In all cases where testing is conducted outside the areaof specified humidity, specimens shall be removed from thechamber one at a ti

34、me just prior to testing.9. Test Methods9.1 Thickness:9.1.1 Measure the specimens with a device actuated by adead-weight load. The device shall be capable of reading in3IRM 903 is available from R.E. Carrol, Inc. P.O. Box 5806, Trenton, NJ 08638.The user should be aware that results may differ from

35、results using ASTM Oil No.3. ASTM Oil No. 3 is no longer commercially available due to potential health risksassociated with its use. IRM 903 has been approved by Committee D-11 as areplacement for ASTM Oil No. 3.F104 03 (2009)2TABLE 1 Basic Physical and Mechanical CharacteristicsBasic Six-Digit Num

36、ber Basic CharacteristicFirst Numeral “Type” of material (the principal fibrous, particulate, or reinforcement material from which the gasket is made) shall conform to thefirst numeral of the basic six-digit number, as follows:0 = not specified 5 = flexible graphite1 = asbestos 7 = nonasbestos fiber

37、, tested as Type 12 = cork 8 = vermiculite3 = cellulose 9 = as specifiedA4 = fluorocarbon polymerSecond Numeral Class of material(method of manufacture or common trade designation) shall conform to the second numeral of the basic six-digitnumber, as follows:When first numeral is “0” or “9,” second n

38、umeral:0 = not specified9 = as specifiedAWhen first numeral is “1” or “7,” second numeral:0 = not specified1 = compressed sheeter process2 = beater process3 = paper and millboard9 = as specifiedAWhen first numeral is “2,” second numeral:0 = not specified1 = cork composition (Class 1)2 = cork and ela

39、stomeric (Class 2)3 = cork and cellular rubber (Class 3)9 = as specifiedAWhen first numeral is “3,” second numeral:0 = not specified1 = untreated fibertag, chipboard, vulcanized fiber, etc. (Class 1)2 = protein treated (Class 2)3 = elastomeric treated (Class 3)4 = thermosetting resin treated (Class

40、4)9 = as specifiedAWhen first numeral is “4,” second numeral:0 = not specified1 = sheet PTFE2 = PTFE of expanded structure3 = PTFE filaments, braided, or woven4 = PTFE felts5 = filled PTFE9 = as specifiedWhen first numeral is “5” or “8,” second numeral:0 = not specified1 = homogeneous sheet2 = lamin

41、ated sheet9 = as specifiedAThird Numeral Compressibility characteristics, determined in accordance with Test Method F36, shall conform to the percent indicated by the thirdnumeral of the basic six-digit number. (Example: 4 = 15 to 25 %)0 = not specified 5 = 20 to 30 %1=0to10% 6=25to40%2=5to15%* 7=30

42、to50%3=10to20% 8=40to60%4 = 15 to 25 % 9 = as specifiedA* 7 to 17 % for compressed sheeter processFourth Numeral Thickness increase when immersed in IRM 903 Oil:3determined in accordance with Test Method F146, shall conform to the percentindicated by the fourth numeral of the basic six-digit number.

43、 (Example: 4 = 15 to 30 %)0 = not specified 5 = 20 to 40 %1=0to15% 6=30to50%2=5to20% 7=40to60%3=10to25% 8=50to70%4 = 15 to 30 % 9 = as specifiedAFifth Numeral Weight increase when immersed in IRM 903 Oil:3determined in accordance with Test Method F146, shall conform to the percentindicated by the fi

44、fth numeral of the basic six-digit number. (Example: 4 = 30 % max)0 = not specified 5 = 40 %, max1=10%,max 6=60%,max2=15%,max 7=80%,max3 = 20 %, max 8 = 100 %, max4 = 30 %, max 9 = as specifiedASixth Numeral Weight increase when immersed in water:determined in accordance with Test Method F146, shall

45、 conform to the percent indicatedby the sixth numeral of the basic six-digit number. See left and below. (Example: 4 = 30 %, max)0 = not specified 5 = 40 %, max1=10%,max 6=60%,max2=15%,max 7=80%,max3 = 20 %, max 8 = 100 %, max4 = 30 %, max 9 = as specifiedAAOn engineering drawings or other supplemen

46、t to this classification system.F104 03 (2009)3TABLE 2 Supplementary Physical and Mechanical CharacteristicsSuffix Symbol Supplementary CharacteristicsA9 Sealability characteristics shall be determined in accordance with Test Method F37. External load, internal pressure, otherdetails of test, and re

47、sults shall be as specified on engineering drawing or other supplement to this classification.B1 through B9 Creep relaxation characteristics shall be determined in accordance with Test Method F38. Loss of stress at end of 24 h shallnot exceed the amount indicated by the numeral of the B-symbol.B1=10

48、% B5=30%B2=15% B6=40%B3=20% B7=50%B4=25% B8=60%B9 = as specifiedAD00 through D99 The former ASTM standard F64, Test Method for Corrosive and Adhesive Effects of Gasket Materials on Metal Surfaces,was discontinued in 1980. The newly established test for adhesion has become Test Method F607.E00 throug

49、h E99 Weight and thickness change after immersion in ASTM Fuel B shall be determined in accordance with Test Method F146.Weight increase shall not exceed the standard rating number indicated by the first numeral of the two-digit number of theE-symbol. Thickness increase shall not exceed the standard rating number indicated by the second numeral of theE-symbol.Weight Increase, %(first numeral)Thickness Increase, %(second numeral)E0_ = not specified E_0 = not specifiedE1_ = 10 E_1 = 05E2_ = 15 E_2 = 010E3_ = 20 E_3 = 015E4_ = 30 E_4 = 520E5_ = 40 E_5 = 1