ASTM E2948-2016a Standard Test Method for Conducting Rotating Bending Fatigue Tests of Solid Round Fine Wire《实心圆细钢丝的旋转弯曲疲劳试验的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM E2948-2016a Standard Test Method for Conducting Rotating Bending Fatigue Tests of Solid Round Fine Wire《实心圆细钢丝的旋转弯曲疲劳试验的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM E2948-2016a Standard Test Method for Conducting Rotating Bending Fatigue Tests of Solid Round Fine Wire《实心圆细钢丝的旋转弯曲疲劳试验的标准试验方法》.pdf(10页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: E2948 161E2948 16aStandard Test Method forConducting Rotating Bending Fatigue Tests of Solid RoundFine Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2948; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTETable X1.1 was editorially corrected in July 2016.1. Scope1.1 This test method is intended as a procedure for the p
3、erformance of rotating bending fatigue tests of solid round fine wireto obtain the fatigue strength of metallic materials at a specified life in the fatigue regime where the strains (stresses) arepredominately and nominally linear elastic. This test method is limited to the fatigue testing of small
4、diameter solid round wiresubjected to a constant amplitude periodic strain (stress). The methodology can be useful in assessing the effects of internalmaterial structure, such as inclusions, in melt technique and cold work processing studies. However, there is a caveat. The strain,due to the radial
5、strain gradient imposed by the test methodology, is a maximum at the surface and zero at the centerline. Thusthe test method may not seek out the “weakest link,” largest inclusions, that govern uniaxial high cycle fatigue life where the strainis uniform across the cross section and where fatigue dam
6、age initiates at a subsurface location (1-5).2 Also, pre-strain, which caninfluence fatigue life, is not included in this test method.NOTE 1The following documents, although not specifically mentioned, are considered sufficiently important to be listed in this test method:ASTM STP 566 Handbook of Fa
7、tigue TestingASTM STP 588 Manual on Statistical Planning and Analysis for Fatigue ExperimentsASTM STP 731 Tables for Estimating Median Fatigue Limits (6-8)1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units
8、 that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE468 Practice for Presentation of Constant Amplitude Fatigue Test Results for Metallic MaterialsE691 Practice f
9、or Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test MethodF562 Specification for Wrought 35Cobalt-35Nickel-20Chromium-10Molybdenum Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications(UNS R30035)E739 Practice for Statistical Analysis of Linear or Linearized Stress-Life (S-N) and Strain-Li
10、fe (-N) Fatigue DataE1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing2.2 ANSI Standard:4ANSI B4.1 Standard Limits and Fits3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms used in this practice shall be as defined in Terminology E1823.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E
11、08 on Fatigue and Fracture and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E08.05 on CyclicDeformation and Fatigue Crack Formation.Current edition approved May 1, 2016Oct. 1, 2016. Published June 2016November 2016. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 20142016 asE294814.16
12、1. DOI: 10.1520/E2948-16E0110.1520/E2948-16A2 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume
13、 information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM st
14、andard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by A
15、STM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test methodology describes a means to characterize the fatigue response of small diameter solid round wire
16、 using arotating bending test. Small diameter wire, to be consistent with Specification F562 definition of “fine wire”, is less than or equalto a diameter of 0.063 in. (1.60 mm). The wire is subjected to a constant-amplitude bending strain (stress) while it rotates at a fixedspeed. This creates a fu
17、lly reversed, R = (minimum strain (stress)/ maximum strain (stress)= 1, bending strain at any point onthe circumference of the wire. The number of revolutions or cycles is counted until a failure (fracture into two or more distinctpieces) is detected. Surface effects due to environmental factors (fo
18、r example corrosion or cavitation) can be extremely importantin assessing fatigue performance. Such effects can be assessed in a myriad of environments (air, phosphate buffered saline (PBS),NaCl, O2, N2, varying humidity, etc.) using the protocol outlined in the standard.5. Significance and Use5.1 A
19、method for obtaining fatigue strain (stress) at a specific life is of interest to the wire manufacturer, designer and consumer.The method is useful in production control, material acceptance and determination of the fatigue strain (stress) of the wire at aspecific fatigue life, that is, fatigue stre
20、ngth. Rotating bending fatigue testing of small diameter solid round wire is possible bylooping a specimen of predetermined length through an arc of 90 to 180. The bending strain (stress) is determined from thegeometry of the loop thusly formed. The methodology is capable of high frequency testing p
21、rovided the temperature of the testarticle is constant and there is no adiabatic heating of the wire. A constant temperature can be maintained by immersing thespecimen in a constant temperature fluid bath or test media. This makes it practical to quickly test a sufficient number of specimensto provi
22、de a statistical frequency distribution or survival probability distribution of fatigue life at a given strain (stress). Fatiguelife information is useful to ascertain wire in-service durability and to assess, for example, the effects of melt practice and coldwork processing.6. Methods6.1 Non-guided
23、 or guided rotating bending tests, or both are included in this test method. Typical test frequency ranges from1 to 37 000 cycles per minute. Test frequency should be selected carefully since it can influence the rate at which fatigue damageaccumulates. In the guided rotating bending test, the guidi
24、ng mandrel maintains the test specimen geometry and is recommendedfor test specimens under high bending strain (stress); test specimens that exhibit strain (stress)-induced phase transformations; testspecimens with asymmetrical tension and compression behavior; test specimens with a non-central neut
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