ASTM D7204-2007 Standard Practice for Sampling Waste Streams on Conveyors《输送系统上污水流取样的标准实施规程》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 7204 07Standard Practice forSampling Waste Streams on Conveyors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7204; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in paren
2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes standard procedures for sam-pling waste on open and closed conveying systems and isapplicable to any waste material that can
3、be conveyed to awaste pile or container. The conveyor system can be a vertical(vertical lifts), sloped or horizontal type.1.2 This practice is intended for particles and slurries, whichcan be sampled using scoop, dipper or shovel type samplers.1.3 The practice is not intended for large size sampleco
4、nstituents, such as boulders, large rocks, and debris.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility
5、of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 4547 Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for VolatileOrganic CompoundsD 4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste SamplingD 4916 Practice for Mechanical Auger SamplingD 5088 Practices for Decontamination of Field Equip
6、mentUsed at Waste SitesD 5283 Practice for Generation of Environmental DataRelated to Waste Management Activities: Quality Assur-ance and Quality Control Planning and ImplementationD 5633 Practice for Sampling with a ScoopD 5658 Practice for Sampling Unconsolidated Waste FromTrucksD 5680 Practice fo
7、r Sampling Unconsolidated Solids inDrums or Similar ContainersD 5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste ManagementD 5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental DataRelated to Waste Management Activities: Development ofData Quality ObjectivesD 5956 Guide for Sampling Strategies for HeterogeneousWastes
8、D 6009 Guide for Sampling Waste PilesD 6051 Guide for Composite Sampling and Field Subsam-pling for Environmental Waste Management ActivitiesD 6232 Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment forWaste and Contaminated Media Data Collection ActivitiesD 6250 Practice for Derivation of Decision Point and
9、 Con-fidence Limit for Statistical Testing of Mean Concentrationin Waste Management DecisionsD 6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Re-lated to Waste Management Activities: Selection andOptimization of Sampling Design3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 See also Terminology D 5681.3.1.2 fi
10、eld records, ninformation written in a field logbook or loose leaf sampling forms at the time of sampling.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice can be used in sampling ash from a kiln orincinerator, soils, and process waste from conveying systems,such as, a conveyer and vertical lifts. Some slurr
11、ies, such as thebottom solids, can be sampled from the quench waters at theend of a kiln.4.2 This practice can be used to determine material balancesfor burner efficiency studies and compliance studies.4.3 This practice can be used on lifts, sloping, and horizon-tal conveyor systems. The type of con
12、veyor and the amountand type of sample required will dictate the type of samplingequipment required to get a representative sample.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01 on Monitor-ing and Characteriza
13、tion.Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2007. Published April 2007.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web
14、site.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.4 The sample is taken directly from the conveyor beforeemptying into the waste container or pile for disposal orrecycling using a scoop, dipper, or shovel depending upon thesampl
15、e requirements (see Practice D 5633). The sample is thenput into the sample container for analysis.4.5 The place, quantity, frequency, and time of sampling isdependent upon the conveying system equipment, DQOs(Practice D 5792), work or sampling plan (See Practice D 5283and Guide D 4687), and analysi
16、s to be run.4.5.1 Large particles can be mechanically excluded on a beltsystem. Large particles may accumulate at the bottom of aninclined/sloped belt system. Therefore, steps, if possible, needto be taken so that particles of all sizes have equal chances ofbeing sampled.4.5.2 The number of samples
17、and sample time is dependentupon the system, the precision required, the decisions that areto be made, the cost, and the degree of heterogeneity of thematerial (see Guide D 5956, Practice D 6250, and GuideD 6311).4.5.3 In general, the ideal sampling location is nearest to thepoint of generation sinc
18、e temperature, oxidation, and airmovement may change some samples with time.4.6 The practice does not address issues related to theheterogeneity of the sample.5. Sampling Equipment5.1 The scoop, dipper or shovel must be manufactured frommaterial that is compatible with the waste to be sampled, andth
19、e required test or analysis to be performed (seeGuide D 6232).5.1.1 Sampling equipment must be selected that is chemi-cally compatible with the type of waste and type of analyses.Stainless steel, glass, and plastic are generally acceptable formost samples. Plastic sampling equipment is may not besui
20、table for waste to be analyzed for organic parameters. It isup to the user to ensure that the equipment will not contaminateor bias the analyses.5.1.2 The reuse of equipment without proper cleaning canresult in false positive analysis. If proper equipment cleaningcannot be accomplished in the field,
21、 additional sets of samplingequipment are needed to prevent potential cross-contamination.5.2 A fixed auger may be present on a conveyor system andmay be used to collect samples (see Practice D 4916).5.3 If the DQO, work, or sample plan calls for samples to becomposited, a composite collection conta
22、iner may be needed.The composite collection container will allow mixing andquartering of the sample materials for compositing if it is goingto be done at the sampling site. Use of a composite collectioncontainer for sub-sampling may result in particle size segrega-tion and result in a bias if the ma
23、terial is not homogeneous orsampling not performed correctly.6. Sample Containers6.1 Plastic, glass, or other non-reactive containers should beused as specified by the site sampling plan (see Guide D 4687).6.2 Sampling for volatile organics in waste requires specialhandling (see Practice D 4547).7.
24、Procedure7.1 The procedure used will depend upon the type ofconveyor system or lift to be sampled.7.1.1 Many bucket conveyors and augers are enclosedsystems which make sampling of the moving conveyor imprac-tical. Samples may be taken at the end of the conveyor as thesample drops into the waste pile
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