ASTM D6433-2003 Standard Practice for Roads and Parking Lots Pavement Condition Index Surveys《道路和停车场路面条件系数测量标准实施规范》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 6433 03Standard Practice forRoads and Parking Lots Pavement Condition IndexSurveys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6433; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of roads andparking lots pavement condition through visual surveys usingthe Pavement Condit
3、ion Index (PCI) method of quantifyingpavement condition.1.2 The PCI for roads and parking lots was developed by theU.S. Army Corps of Engineers (1, 2).2It is further verified andadopted by DOD and APWA.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The SI units given in
4、 parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory lim
5、itations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 6.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.1.1 additional samplea sample unit inspected in addi-tion to the random sample units to include nonrepresentativesample units in the determination of th
6、e pavement condition.This includes very poor or excellent samples that are nottypical of the section and sample units, which contain anunusual distress such as a utility cut. If a sample unitcontaining an unusual distress is chosen at random it should becounted as an additional sample unit and anoth
7、er randomsample unit should be chosen. If every sample unit is surveyed,then there are no additional sample units.2.1.2 asphalt concrete (AC) surfaceaggregate mixturewith an asphalt cement binder. This term also refers to surfacesconstructed of coal tars and natural tars for purposes of thispractice
8、.2.1.3 pavement brancha branch is an identifiable part ofthe pavement network that is a single entity and has a distinctfunction. For example, each roadway or parking area is aseparate branch.2.1.4 pavement condition index (PCI)a numerical ratingof the pavement condition that ranges from 0 to 100 wi
9、th 0being the worst possible condition and 100 being the bestpossible condition.2.1.5 pavement condition ratinga verbal description ofpavement condition as a function of the PCI value that variesfrom “failed” to “excellent” as shown in Fig. 1.2.1.6 pavement distressexternal indicators of pavementdet
10、erioration caused by loading, environmental factors, con-struction deficiencies, or a combination thereof. Typical dis-tresses are cracks, rutting, and weathering of the pavementsurface. Distress types and severity levels detailed inAppendixX1 forAC, andAppendix X2 for PCC pavements must be usedto o
11、btain an accurate PCI value.2.1.7 pavement sample unita subdivision of a pavementsection that has a standard size range: 20 contiguous slabs (68slabs if the total number of slabs in the section is not evenlydivided by 20 or to accommodate specific field condition) forPCC pavement, and 2500 contiguou
12、s square feet, 6 1000 ft2(225 6 90 m2), if the pavement is not evenly divided by 2500or to accommodate specific field condition, for AC pavement.2.1.8 pavement sectiona contiguous pavement area hav-ing uniform construction, maintenance, usage history, andcondition. A section should have the same tra
13、ffic volume andload intensity.2.1.9 portland cement concrete (PCC) pavementaggregate mixture with portland cement binder includingnonreinforced and reinforced jointed pavement.2.1.10 random samplea sample unit of the pavementsection selected for inspection by random sampling techniques,such as a ran
14、dom number table or systematic random proce-dure.3. Summary of Practice3.1 The pavement is divided into branches that are dividedinto sections. Each section is divided into sample units. Thetype and severity of pavement distress is assessed by visual1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM C
15、ommittee E17 on Vehicle-Pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.41 onPavement Management.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2003. Published January 2004. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 6433 99.2The boldface numbers in parentheses r
16、efer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.inspection of the pavement sample units. The quantity of thedistress is measured as described in Appendix X1 and Appen-dix X2.
17、The distress data are used to calculate the PCI for eachsample unit. The PCI of the pavement section is determinedbased on the PCI of the inspected sample units within thesection.4. Significance and Use4.1 The PCI is a numerical indicator that rates the surfacecondition of the pavement. The PCI prov
18、ides a measure of thepresent condition of the pavement based on the distressobserved on the surface of the pavement, which also indicatesthe structural integrity and surface operational condition (lo-calized roughness and safety). The PCI cannot measure struc-tural capacity nor does it provide direc
19、t measurement of skidresistance or roughness. It provides an objective and rationalbasis for determining maintenance and repair needs andpriorities. Continuous monitoring of the PCI is used to estab-lish the rate of pavement deterioration, which permits earlyidentification of major rehabilitation ne
20、eds. The PCI providesfeedback on pavement performance for validation or improve-ment of current pavement design and maintenance procedures.5. Apparatus5.1 Data Sheets, or other field recording instruments thatrecord at a minimum the following information: date, location,branch, section, sample unit
21、size, slab number and size, distresstypes, severity levels, quantities, and names of surveyors.Example data sheets for AC and PCC pavements are shown inFigs. 2 and 3.5.2 Hand Odometer Wheel, that reads to the nearest 0.1 ft(30 mm).5.3 Straightedge or String Line, (AC only), 10 ft (3 m).5.4 Scale, 12
22、 in. (300 mm) that reads to18 in. (3 mm) orbetter. Additional 12-in. (300 mm) ruler or straightedge isneeded to measure faulting in PCC pavements.5.5 Layout Plan, for network to be inspected.6. Hazards6.1 Traffic is a hazard as inspectors may walk on thepavement to perform the condition survey.7. Sa
23、mpling and Sample Units7.1 Identify branches of the pavement with different usessuch as roadways and parking on the network layout plan.7.2 Divide each branch into sections based on the pave-ments design, construction history, traffic, and condition.7.3 Divide the pavement sections into sample units
24、. If thepavement slabs in PCC have joint spacing greater than 25 ft (8m) subdivide each slab into imaginary slabs. The imaginaryslabs all should be less than or equal to 25 ft (8 m) in length,and the imaginary joints dividing the slabs are assumed to bein perfect condition. This is needed because th
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