ASTM D5234-1992(2002) Standard Guide for Analysis of Ethylene Product《乙烯制品的分析方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 5234 92 (Reapproved 2002)An American National StandardStandard Guide forAnalysis of Ethylene Product1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5234; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea

2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides direction for the analysis of ethyl-ene product in a way that allows the analyst to know the

3、possible test methods, the units of measure, and the potentialconcentrations range of possible components, so that theconsistency of the analytical measurements is improved. Thisguide is not intended to be used, nor to be construed in anyway, as a set of specifications for ethylene product.1.2 The v

4、alues stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bi

5、lity of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 2504 Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C2andLighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography2D 2505 Test Method for Ethylene, Other Hydrocarbons, andCarbon Dioxide in High-Purity Ethylene by Gas Chroma-to

6、graphy2D 3246 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxi-dative Microcoulometry3D 4178 Practice for Calibrating Moisture Analyzers3D 4468 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels byHydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry4F 307 Practice for Sampling Pressurized Gas for Gas Analy-sis53. Te

7、rminology3.1 Definition:3.1.1 ethylene product, nhydrocarbon product containingat least 99.85 % mass ethylene.3.2 Symbols:3.2.1 C4s, nsaturated and unsaturated four carbon hydro-carbon compounds.3.2.2 COS, ncarbonyl sulfide.3.2.3 GC, ngas chromatograph.3.2.4 FPD, nflame photometric detector.3.2.5 IC

8、, nion chromatograph.3.2.6 MeOH, nmethanol.3.2.7 NO, nnitric oxide.3.2.8 NO2, nnitrogen dioxide.3.2.9 O2, noxygen.3.2.10 sp. ion electrode, nspecific ion electrode.4. Significance and Use4.1 When the various producers and users of ethyleneproduct deal with the results obtained in analytical testing,

9、inconsistency of units and test methods may cause majorerrors. This guide provides an overview of the typical concen-trations of the possible components found in ethylene product,the methods used in analysis, and the units of measure. Thisoverview is intended to be used to improve the consistency of

10、methods and the units reported so that errors are minimized.Each producer and user of ethylene product should immedi-ately review this guide to improve their awareness of thevarious analytical methods in use, the units of measure, andconcentration levels of the possible components.4.2 Although this

11、guide is not to be used for specifications,it can provide a starting point for the various parties to developmutually agreed upon specifications that meet their respectiverequirements. It can also be used as a starting point in findingsuitable test methods for ethylene components.5. Sampling5.1 In g

12、eneral, sample ethylene product using PracticeF 307, or a similar method. Do not take liquid ethylene samplesin order to prevent over-pressuring of sample containers andelimination of fire and explosion hazards. Static electricity candevelop when discharging excess hydrocarbon at a fairly rapidrate

13、from a sample cylinder to ambient conditions. Use agrounding system or strap.5.2 Reactive and Polar Components:1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.D0.02on Ethylene.Current edition approve

14、d Dec. 10, 2002. Published March 2003. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 5234 92(1997).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.06.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.03.1Copyri

15、ght ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2.1 Determination of reactive components, such as certainsulfur compounds, is generally believed to require specialsample containers, such as fluorocarbon lined cylinders, orcontainers that

16、have been specially passivated.5.2.2 It is very difficult to obtain a valid sample fordetermination of traces of polar compounds, such as water andammonia, in the laboratory. On-line analyzers, if available, oradsorption of the analyte at the sample source for subsequentlab finish are believed to yi

17、eld the most accurate results.6. Composition and Test Methods6.1 Table 1 indicates possible composition ranges andASTM test methods for ethylene product.6.2 Table 2 lists other test methods known or believed to bein use.7. Keywords7.1 ethylene; ethylene product concentration; ethylene testmethods;AS

18、TM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are e

19、ntirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards

20、and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee

21、 on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or

22、 at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 1 Ethylene Test Methods (ASTM)ComponentConcen-trationsUnits Test MethodsEthylene 99.85 + % mass D 2505Ethane 200 to 700 mg/kg D 2505Methane 0.1 to 200 mg/kg D 2505Propylene 0.1

23、to 10 mg/kg D 2505Propane 0.1 to 5 mg/kg D 2505Hydrogen 0.1 to 10 mg/kg D 2504Carbon monoxide 0.1 to 5 mg/kg D 2504Carbon dioxide 0.1 to 10 mg/kg D 2504Acetylene 0.1 to 5 mg/kg D 2505Moisture 0.1 to 5 mg/kg See Table 2Alcohols 0.1 to 5 mg/kg See Table 2Total sulfur 0.1 to 5 mg/kg D 3246 or D4468Oxyg

24、en 0.1 to 3 mg/kg D 2504 or O2meterNitrogen 1 to 10 mg/kg D 2504Ammonia 0.1 to 2 mg/kg See Table 2Hydrogen sulfide 0.1 to 1 mg/kg Online analyzerCarbonyl sulfide 0.1 to 1 mg/kg See Table 2Total oxygenates 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2NO and NO20.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2Benzene 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Tab

25、le 2C4s 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2Methyl acetylene 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2Propadiene 0.1 to 10 mg/kg See Table 2Chlorides 0.1 to 2 mg/kg See Table 2TABLE 2 Ethylene Test Methods (Non-ASTM)AComponents Possible Test MethodsMethane, ethane propane, pro-pylene, propadiene, methyl acet-ylene, acetyl

26、eneAn adaptation of Test Method D 2505 isused by some labs. Others use a GC wide-bore capillary method. New technologyoffers narrow bore capillaries that separateall hydrocarbons in one analysis.H2,N2,O2, and CO An adaptation of Test Method D 2504.CO2An adaptation of Test Method D 2505.NO and NO2Che

27、miluminescence.Total sulfur Some labs use an adaptation of TestMethod D 3246; others use Test MethodD 4468 with an oxy-hydrogen pyrolyzer.Benzene GC methods including wide bore capillary.Moisture Obtaining a valid sample for lab analysis isextremely difficult. Instead of a lab method,an ASTM study g

28、roup developed, in 1982,a standard practice for calibrating moistureanalyzers, Practice D 4178. Several typesof portable and on-line analyzers areavailable.C4s GC methods including wide bore capillary.Ammonia Some methods in use are:Acid absorption/Nessler finish.Acid absorption/specific ion electro

29、de.Acid absorption/IC finish.Total oxygenates GC methods.Alcohols GC methods in use. Wide bore capillaryGC methods.COS GCFPD method.Chlorides Hall conductivity detector.AThis table gives possible ethylene test methods or techniques that arebelieved to be in use in the industry for testing. Inclusion

30、 of any test method in thistable is not to be construed as a recommendation by ASTM for its use. Some of thetest methods in this list are ASTM test methods that are specified for otherproducts, but are being used by some labs for ethylene analysis. However, use ofASTM test methods beyond their scope is not recommended by ASTM. Precisionand bias may be adversely affected.D 5234 92 (2002)2