ASTM D5121-2010 Standard Practice for Preparation of Rock Slabs for Durability Testing《岩石板进行耐久性试验前的处理的标准实施规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: D5121 10Standard Practice forPreparation of Rock Slabs for Durability Testing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numb

2、er in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers the preparation of rock slabs forvarious tests and any visual inspections used to evaluate thedurability of rock for

3、erosion control. These tests include, butare not limited to, Test Methods D5240, D5312, and D5313.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not

4、considered standard.1.3 All observed and measured values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.4 This practice offers a set of instructions for performingone or more specific operations. This document cannot replaceeducation or experience a

5、nd should be used in conjunctionwith professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice maybe applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is notintended to represent or replace the standard of care by whichthe adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,nor should this docum

6、ent be applied without consideration ofa projects many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in thetitle of this document means only that the document has beenapproved through the ASTM consensus process.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns associated with its use. It

7、 is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. For a specific hazards statement, seeSection 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, R

8、ock, and ContainedFluidsD4992 Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used forErosion ControlD5240 Test Method for Testing Rock Slabs to EvaluateSoundness of Riprap by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Mag-nesium SulfateD5312 Test Method for Evaluation of Durability of Rockfor Erosion Control Under Freezing an

9、d Thawing Condi-tionsD5313 Test Method for Evaluation of Durability of Rockfor Erosion Control Under Wetting and Drying ConditionsD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalData3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe definitions of terms used in this prac-tice shall be in accordance with Te

10、rminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 rock saw, na saw capable of cutting rock. The term“rock saw” shall include the blade which saws the rock, anycomponents that control or power the sawing process or both,and framework on which the blade and any other associatedco

11、mponents are mounted.3.2.2 slab, na section of rock having two smooth, ap-proximately parallel faces, produced by two saw cuts. Thethickness of the slab is generally less than the other dimensionsof the rock. The slab will be the specimen of a rock which willsubsequently undergo durability tests.3.2

12、.3 slice, nin rock testing, the smooth surface of rockpiece produced by the cutting of the rock by a rock saw.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is used to prepare rock specimens fordurability testing and to evaluate any internal defects, such ascracks, that may not be apparent on the surfaces

13、 of brokenblocks of rock. Such evaluation can also aid in the selectionand location of slabs for testing as outlined in Practice D4992.In some cases, the need for further testing or evaluation may beeliminated.4.2 The sawing of rock samples will reduce them to asuitable specimen size and quantity fo

14、r testing and, in manycases, preserve the natural structure of the internal defects sothe samples can be evaluated by the various durability tests.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.17 on Rock for Erosio

15、nControl.Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D512106. DOI:10.1520/D5121-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Ann

16、ual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3 Durab

17、ility tests specimens should be 64 6 6 mm (2.5 60.25 in) thick normal to bedding or any potential planes ofweakness which may be observed in the samples. In no casewill the size of the slab be less than 125 mm (5 in.) on a side,excluding the thickness Ideally, a test specimen size equal tothe propos

18、ed design size would provide the ultimate incorrelation between laboratory tests and actual field perfor-mance. However, in most cases, this is neither practical noreconomically feasible.5. Apparatus5.1 Rock SawAny laboratory diamond saw used to cutgeological and concrete specimens, or any diamond s

19、aw usedfor lapidary purposes, shall be acceptable. For most tests, aminimum blade diameter of 36 cm (14 in.) will be needed toobtain the slab sizes required for most durability tests (a largerone is preferable). The blade shall be a circular diamond blade.The size of the slab that can be obtained by

20、 sawing is limitedby the blade-stabilizing flanges. Table 1 gives the approximateblade diameter and slab height relationships for saws typicallyused.5.1.1 The rock saw apparatus shall have a vise to hold thesamples during the cutting process, in addition to an automaticfeed (either gravity, hydrauli

21、c, or screwfeed operated) thatcontrols the cutting action. A table saw with a removable viseis also acceptable. The saw shall have a platform to prevent thecut slab from falling and shattering.5.2 CameraIt is preferable to take pictures of the rocksample and specimens before and after slabbing.6. Ma

22、terials6.1 CoolantWater shall be used as a coolant between therock surface and the saw blade during the cutting process.Coolants other than water may interfere with subsequenttesting or evaluation, or both.6.2 WashWater shall be used for washing samples andspecimens. Washing with something other tha

23、n water mayinterfere with subsequent testing or evaluation or both.7. Hazards7.1 Circular, diamond saw blades do not have sharp pro-truding teeth that wood-cutting blades have, and as such are notinherently as dangerous as blades with teeth. However, theiruse does require care, safe handling procedu

24、res, and propersafety equipment.7.2 During the sawing action rock cuttings may becomeprojectiles and potentially harm eyes. Also, blades have beenknown to stick or bind and the object being cut or the blademay become a projectile.8. Procedure8.1 Choose individual rock samples for testing that arerep

25、resentative of the total rock mass, as noted in PracticeD4992. The sample shall be of a size to fit within the vise of thesaw without further mechanical reduction of size.NOTE 1Test specimens may also be prepared by cutting a 65 mm (2.5in.) thick slab from a 150-mm (6-in.) diameter drill core such t

26、hat anyapparent zones of weakness are included8.2 Clamp the rock sample in the vise, or hand-hold it on thesaw table such that the rock sample will be sawn perpendicularto the bedding or banded texture of the rock, unless anotherorientation is specified for the saw cut.8.3 Cut the sample in a single

27、 pass between the midpoint ofthe rock and one-third of the distance from its edge. Make thecut either by: (1) automatically feeding the sample within thevise through the blade, or (2) hand-holding and hand-feedingsoft rocks through the blade. The automatic feed is preferable.In either case, saw the

28、rock to minimize breakage which canresult from internal cracks, features of weakness, or the sawingoperation. Care shall be taken to produce a cut as smooth aspossible.8.4 Remove the rock from the saw after each cut is made.Wash and examine the slice.8.5 Place the rock sample back in the vise and ma

29、ke asecond, parallel cut at some distance from the first one in thesame manner. The thickness of any slab produced from twocuts shall be determined by the type of durability test for whichthe slab is sawed and as discussed in 4.3.8.6 Repeat steps 8.2-8.5 as many times as needed to producethe number

30、of samples and test slabs needed.8.7 Visual examination may indicate some slabs are unsuit-able for testing due to breakage during or after slabbing, or forsome other reason; discard these slabs.9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Identification number,9.1.2 Sample location,9.1.3 Roc

31、k type (formational name is optional),9.1.4 The number of trials needed to obtain the number oftest slabs requested from each sample,9.1.5 Textures, defects, or other information obtained fromthe visual examination that may affect the durability testing ofthe rock,9.1.6 Mass of the rock slab,9.1.7 A

32、 photograph of the sample prior to the slabbing, witha dimensional scale, and9.1.8 A photograph of the specimen slab with a dimensionalscale, preferably in color.10. Keywords10.1 defects; diamond saw blade; durability; rock saw; slabsTABLE 1 Approximate Blade Diameter and Slab HeightRelationshipBlad

33、e Diameter, Nominal, cm (in.) Slab Height, Nominal, cm (in.)36 (14) 13 (5)46 (18) 18 (7)61 (24) 23 (9)D5121 102SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D18 has identified the location of selected changes to this practice since the last issue, D512106,that may impact the use of this practice. (Approved July 1, 20

34、10)(1) Revised 1.1 to be more concise and to include “inspections”and “erosion control,” which were in the body of the testmethod but not in the Scope.(2) Revised the units statement in 1.2 to agree with the wayinch-pounds are portrayed in the standard, which is parentheti-cally.(3)In3.2, expanded t

35、he definition for rock saw to include allthe common components, and slightly modified the definitionfor slice to refer specifically to a rock saw.(4) Revised 5.1 to simplify and clarify wording.(5) Revised 6.1 to cover what the coolant was being used for,and added a section covering “wash” was since

36、 it wasdiscussed in the standard but was not mentioned under Mate-rials.(6) Expanded Section 7 to cover more of the hazards associatedwith the sawing process.(7) Added SI units to Table 1 to comply with the unitsstatement in 1.2.(8) Added Note 1 for compliance with the requirements in TestMethod D53

37、13 and with the Significance and Use section.(9) Broke old 8.2 into two concise subsections.(10) Added new 8.6 for compliance with the process as statedin Practice D4992.(11) Added new 8.7 covering “visual examination and discard-ing of slabs” for compliance with Practice D4992 and includ-ing a step

38、 that is part of the report.(12) Added visual examination to 9.1.5 to clarify where thedata is obtained.(13) Added the word specimen to clarify exactly what is beingphotographed.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item men

39、tionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee

40、 and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetin

41、g of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO

42、Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D5121 103