ASTM D1881-2017 Standard Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants in Glassware《玻璃器具中发动机冷却液发泡倾向的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D1881-2017 Standard Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants in Glassware《玻璃器具中发动机冷却液发泡倾向的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D1881-2017 Standard Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants in Glassware《玻璃器具中发动机冷却液发泡倾向的标准试验方法》.pdf(4页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D1881 17Standard Test Method forFoaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants in Glassware1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1881; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a simple glassware test
3、 forevaluating the tendency of engine coolants to foam underlaboratory-controlled-conditions of aeration and temperature.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are approximateequivalents provided for information purposes only.1.3 This standar
4、d does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific wa
5、rning statements, see Section 7, Materials andReagents.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issu
6、ed by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-tions of Engine Coolants orAntirusts for Testing PurposesD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD3585 Specification for ASTM R
7、eference Fluid for CoolantTestsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory UseE230/E230M Specification for Temperature-ElectromotiveForce (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples3. Termin
8、ology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 break time, nthe time required for the foam tocollapse (after the air supply has been shut off) to the firstappearance of an “eye” on the surface of the test solution.3.1.2 eye, nthe appearance of foam free area on thesurface of the test
9、coolant surrounded by a ring of foamclinging to the cylinder walls.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A solution of coolant and ASTM Type II water is blownwith air at a constant rate for 5 min, while maintained at aconstant temperature of 88 6 1 C (190 6 2 F) by means ofa suitable temperature bath. The vo
10、lume of foam, and the timefor such foam to break, are measured.5. Significance and Use5.1 The test method generally will distinguish coolants thathave a tendency to foam excessively from those that aresuitable for further evaluation to determine performance inactual service.NOTE 1In use, the foaming
11、 tendency of a coolant solution may beincreased by service aging or contamination. A properly functioningpressure cap will tend to suppress foaming in coolant solutions.6. Apparatus6.1 ContainerA 500-mL graduated container of heat-resistant glass, having a diameter of 45 to 50 mm and a lengthof 380
12、mm.6.2 Temperature BathAheat resistant glass container largeenough to permit immersion of the graduated container at leastto the 350 mL graduation mark. A 4000-mL beaker is satisfac-tory.6.3 Heat SourceAny heating system capable of maintain-ing a uniform bath temperature 61C (62 F). A750-wattelectri
13、c hot-plate is satisfactory.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.06 on Glassware Performance Tests.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originallyapproved
14、in 1961 as D1881 61 T. Last previous edition approved in 2009 asD1881 97(2009). DOI: 10.1520/D1881-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards
15、Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally reco
16、gnized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16.4 Aerator TubeA 25.4-mm (1-in.) diameter sphericalgas-diffuse
17、r stone3made of fused crystalline alumina grainwhich meets the following specifications when tested inaccordance with the method given in Annex A1:Maximum pore diameter, m Not greater than 80Permeability at a pressureof 2.45 kPa, mL of air/min3000 to 64006.5 Temperature Measuring Instrument (Environ
18、mentallySafe Thermometer or Thermocouple)An ASTM Partial Im-mersion Temperature Measuring Instrument having a rangefrom 20 to +150 C (0 to 302 F) and conforming to therequirements for Thermometer 1C (1F) as prescribed in Speci-fication E1 or Thermocouple as summarized in SpecificationE230/E230M.6.6
19、Air SupplyA clean and dry source, free from greaseand other contaminants, capable of maintaining the prescribedflow rate through the diffuser stone.6.7 TimerAstop watch or suitable timing device, accurateto 60.2 s.6.8 VentA three-way stopcock inserted in the metered airsupply line immediately ahead
20、of the aerator tube.6.9 Typical Assembly Set-UpA typical apparatus using ahot-plate heat source is shown in Fig. 1.7. Materials and Reagents7.1 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, referencesto water means reagent water as defined by Type II ofSpecification D1193.7.2 Acetone, for flushing and
21、drying the test equipment.(WarningAcetone is extremely flammable.)7.3 Specification D3585 Test CoolantUnless otherwiseindicated, references to the reference test coolant meansSpecification D3585 coolant prepared without antifoam(Pluronic L-61) as defined in Specification D3585.7.4 Cleaning BathRefer
22、s to an acid or base cleaningsolution used to clean glassware between tests. The choice ofcleaning baths depends on individual needs. For example,Nochromix and alcoholic sodium (potassium) hydroxide arecommon acid and base cleaning baths, respectively.4(WarningThe cleaning baths are strong oxidants
23、and strongacid and base, respectively. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, andclothing. Do not breathe vapor. Handle in a fume hood.)8. Test Solution8.1 A 33 % by volume solution of reference coolant (Speci-fication D3585 test coolant without antifoam) shall be preparedwith the proper quantity of Type II
24、 water.8.2 Prepare a 33 % by volume solution of the coolant to betested with Type II water. Use the same glassware used toprepare the reference coolant test solution. Rinse the glasswarewith Type II water between preparations.Additive concentratesshall be diluted with Type II water to recommended us
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