ASTM C875-1998(2014) Standard Specification for Asbestos-Cement Conduit《石棉水泥导管的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: C875 98 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Specification forAsbestos-Cement Conduit1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C875; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i

2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers asbestos-cement conduit foruse in electric-power systems and communication systems.The service is for both undergroun

3、d and exposed conditions.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values stated in parentheses are provided forinformation only.1.3 WarningBreathing of asbestos dust is hazardous.Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated healthrisks for users and for those w

4、ith whom they come into contact.In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For informa-tion on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Useof Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and ControlMeasures.”21.4 This stan

5、dard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 1.3 for specifichazard

6、warning.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C150 Specification for Portland CementC458 Test Method for Organic Fiber Content of Asbestos-Cement ProductsC500 Test Methods for Asbestos-Cement PipeC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calc

7、inedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteD2946 Terminology for Asbestos and AsbestosCementProducts2.2 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage42.3 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)42.4 Other Standards:Uniform Freight Classification Rules5Na

8、tional Motor Freight Classification Rules6AIA, RCP2, Asbestos-Cement Products3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 conduit, nasbestos-cement pipe used to protectwires for electric-power or communication systems, for bothunderground and exposed situations.3.1.2 couplingcomponent made from a larger diam

9、eterpipe of the same type or Type II and of the same class or ahigher class, or produced otherwise to yield at least equalperformance, for joining asbestos-cement pipe that whenproperly installed, forms a silt-tight joint, allows alignmentcorrections and slight changes in direction, and provides ana

10、ssembled joint equivalent in serviceability and strength to thepipe sections.3.1.3 fittingsfittings such as adapters, reducers, increasers,bends, and bell ends, for use in laying asbestos-cement conduitas described in Section 5 and made to such dimensions as willprovide equivalent strength and silt-

11、tight joints when as-sembled with the conduit.3.1.4 lota lot as used herein is defined as each 1000lengths of conduit or less, of a given class, type, and sizemanufactured on one machine during a 24-h period.3.2 Additional terminology is given in Terminology D2946.4. Classification4.1 The classes of

12、 conduit shall be as follows:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Reinforced Cement Products and is the direct responsibility of C17.03 onAsbestos - Cement Sheet Products and Accessories.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally

13、approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C875 98(2008). DOI:10.1520/C0875-98R14.2Available from The Asbestos Institute, http:/ referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volu

14、me information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.5Available from the Uniform Classification Commission, Room 1106, 222 S.Riverside Plaza,

15、 Chicago, IL 60606.6Available from National Motor Freight Inc., 1616 P St. NW, Washington,DC 20036.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Class BIntended for use encased in concrete after instal-lation.Class CIntended for use

16、 without concrete encasement, orfor exposed services.4.2 The types of conduit shall be known as Type I and TypeII corresponding to the chemical requirements given in Section6 of this specification. For a more thorough understanding andas a guide to the chemical resistance of asbestos-cementconduit,

17、reference is made to Test Methods C500.NOTE 1To assist the purchaser in choosing the type of conduit mostsuitable for his use, the following descriptions of usage may be consid-ered:Type IFor use where nonaggressive water and soil of moderatesulphate content are expected to come in contact with the

18、conduit.Type IIFor use where moderately aggressive water or water and soilof high sulphate content, or both, are expected to come in contact with theconduit.4.3 The conduit shall be furnished in 40, 50, 75, 100, and150 mm (1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6-in.) nominal sizes and shall havea circular cross sect

19、ion.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Asbestos-cement conduit shall be composed of an inti-mate mixture of portland cement conforming to SpecificationC150, or portland slag or pozzolan cements conforming toSpecification C595, and asbestos fiber with or without finelydivided silica or silica-containing

20、 mineral additives conform-ing to Specification C618 that can react to form calcium silicatereaction products; and asbestos fiber. The mixture shall notcontain more than 0.2 % of non-deleterious organic compo-nents as determined by Test Method C458. The material shallbe of laminar construction forme

21、d under pressure to a homo-geneous structure and cured to meet the physical and chemicalrequirements of this specification.6. Chemical Composition6.1 When tested in accordance with Test Methods C500, theamount of uncombined calcium hydroxide shall not exceed1.0 % for Type II conduit 2There are no ch

22、emical require-ments for Type I conduit.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Flexural Strength:7.1.1 Each 3 or 4-m (10 or 13-ft) standard length and each2.9 m (9.5 ft) or longer random length conduit shall havesufficient flexural strength to withstand, without failure, thetotal load prescribed in Table 1, wh

23、en tested in accordance with7.1.1.1.7.1.1.1 The specimen shall be mounted longitudinally on“V” blocks, preferably of hard wood or of steel, 5 cm (2 in.)long, 2 rad (120) angle of “V,” faces 13 5 cm (5 2 in.), andthe load applied through a rectangular block, 5 cm (2 in.) inwidth, at the center of the

24、 span. The spans between the faces ofsupporting blocks shall be as given in Table 1 for the particularclass of conduit. The breaking loads, the average of at least twospecimens from each length, shall not be less than those givenin Table 1 for the particular class of conduit.7.2 Crushing StrengthCru

25、shing tests shall be conductedbefore shipment. Thirty-centimetre (1-ft) lengths of conduit cutfrom the unmachined portion of the conduit shall have theminimum crushing strength prescribed in Table 2, when testedin accordance with Test Methods C500.8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations8.1 T

26、he average inside diameter measured at the end of theconduit shall be 63mm(60.1 in.) of the nominal insidediameter.8.2 The bore of the conduit shall pass freely through amandrel 1 m (3 ft) long and 6 mm (0.25 in.) less in diameterthan the nominal inside diameter of the conduit.8.3 The inner dimensio

27、ns of the bends shall be such that aball 1 cm (0.4 in.) less in diameter than the nominal insidediameter of the conduit, shall pass freely through them.8.4 Couplings and coupling areas of the conduit shall bemachined or otherwise finished to such dimensions as willprovide silt-tight joints when asse

28、mbled with proper accesso-ries and put into the service for which the conduit is intended.8.5 The standard lengths of conduit shall be 1.5, 2, 3, or 4 m6 2.5 cm (5, 6.5, 10, or 13 ft 6 1 in.).At least 85 % of the totallength of any one class, type, and size shall be furnished instandard lengths. The

29、 remaining 15 % may be in randomlengths if not less than 1.5 m (5 ft) for standard 3 and 4-m (10and 13-ft) lengths, or less than1m(3ft)forstandard 2 and1.5-m (6.5 and 5 ft) lengths.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 Machined ends of the conduit that receive the couplingshall be free of dents

30、and gouges that will affect the silt-tightness of the joint.9.2 Each conduit shall be free of bulges, dents, and tears onthe inside surface that result in a variation of more than 5 mm(0.2 in.) from the adjacent unaffected portions of the surface.TABLE 1 Flexural Strength RequirementsNominal Inner D

31、iameter Test Span (Free Span) Class B Applied Test Load Class C Applied Test Loadmm (in.) mm (in.) kN (lbf) kN (lbf)40 (1.5) 760 (30) 2.7 (600) 3.8 (850)50 (2) 760 (30) 2.7 (600) 3.8 (850)75 (3) 762 (30) 2.7 (600) 3.8 (850)100 (4) 762 (30) 4.4 (980) 5.6 (1260)130 (5) 1219 (48) 4.9 (1100) 6.7 (1500)1

32、50 (6) 1372 (54) 5.8 (1300) 8.9 (2000)C875 98 (2014)29.3 All inside edges of the conduit shall be rounded andsmooth. The ends of each length of conduit shall be at rightangles to the axis of the conduit.10. Sampling10.1 Test all material under this specification in a normalair-dried condition in equ

33、ilibrium with atmospheric humidity.10.2 For the flexural test, two specimens shall be cut fromone full length of conduit from each lot.10.2.1 Warningsee 1.3.10.3 For the crushing test, two specimens shall be cut fromone full length of conduit from each lot.10.4 When uncombined calcium hydroxide test

34、s are re-quested (Section 6), one sample shall be taken from each lot ofconduit. The sample to be tested may be taken from any one ofthe specimens selected for the crushing test.11. Inspection11.1 All material furnished under this specification shallconform to the physical and chemical requirements

35、statedherein and may be subject to factory inspection by thepurchaser. All conduit shall be inspected by the manufacturerfor compliance to dimensional tolerances and workmanship.The manufacturer shall accept to certify that his productconforms to the requirements of this specification.11.2 On orders

36、 requiring inspection by the purchaser, themanufacturer shall arrange the time of testing so that thepurchaser or his authorized inspector may be present to witnesssuch tests at the purchasers expense. The conduit to be testedwill already have passed the routine inspection and testing ofthis specifi

37、cation. The number of tests to be conducted forflexural strength and crushing strength shall be limited to amaximum of one sample per each 1000 standard lengths ofeach size, type, and class of conduit on the order. If uncom-bined calcium hydroxide tests are required, the numbers oftests shall be one

38、 for each size, type, and class of pipe on theorder. The purchaser or his authorized inspector may select theconduit to be tested.12. Rejection and Rehearing12.1 Failure of any specimen tested for flexural and crush-ing strength to withstand 75 % of the load specified in Section7 shall be cause for

39、rejection of the lot from which the testspecimen was taken. When any specimen tested for flexural orcrushing strength withstands over 75 % but under 100 % of theload specified in Section 7, one specimen shall be cut fromeach of two additional conduits of the same lot. Failure ofeither of these addit

40、ional specimens to meet the strengthrequirements of Section 7 shall be cause for rejection of theentire lot from which the original sample was taken.12.2 If the results of the uncombined calcium hydroxide testshow the sample failed to meet the specification requirements,two additional specimens shal

41、l be selected and sampled fortest. The failure of one of these two additional samples to meetthe specification requirements of Section 6 shall be cause forrejection of the lot.13. Product Marking13.1 Each standard and random length of conduit shall bemarked by the manufacturer with the trade name, n

42、ominal size,type, class, and the date of manufacture, in alkali resistant inkor indelible paint. Each carton containing coupling sleevesshall be marked by the manufacturer with the nominal size,type, and class for the conduit with which it shall be used.14. Packaging14.1 Conduit and couplings shall

43、be prepared for commer-cial shipment so as to ensure acceptance by common or othercarriers.14.2 Refer also to S1.1.15. Keywords15.1 asbestos; asbestos-cement; conduit; specificationSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply when material is supplied under thisspec

44、ification for U.S. Government procurement.S1. Packaging for U.S. GovernmentS1.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract, the materialshall be packaged in accordance with the producers standardpractice which will be acceptable to the carrier at lowest rates.Containers and packing shall comply with

45、 Uniform FreightClassification Rules or National Motor Freight ClassificationRules. Marking for shipment of such material shall be inaccordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies andMIL-STD-129 for military agencies.TABLE 2 Crushing Strength RequirementsNominalDiameterMinimum Crushing Loadsmm

46、 (in.) Class B Class CkN (lbf) kN (lbf)40 (1.5) 2.2 500 5.3 120050 (2) 2.2 500 5.3 120075 (3) 2.2 500 5.3 1200100 (4) 2.2 500 5.3 1200130 (5) 2.2 500 4.0 900150 (6) 2.2 500 3.6 800C875 98 (2014)3S2. Responsibility for InspectionS2.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or pur-chaseorder, the p

47、roducer is responsible for the testing of all materialto assure compliance with the requirements specified herein.Except as otherwise specified in the contract or order, theproducer may use his own or any other suitable facilities for theperformance of the inspection and test requirements specifiedh

48、erein, unless disapproved by the purchaser. The purchasershall have the right to perform any of the inspections and testsset forth in this specification where such inspections aredeemed necessary to assure that material conforms to pre-scribed requirements.ASTM International takes no position respec

49、ting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of thi