ASTM C1465-2008(2013) Standard Test Method for Determination of Slow Crack Growth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by Constant Stress-Rate Flexural Testing at Elevated Temperatures《.pdf
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1、Designation: C1465 08 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forDetermination of Slow Crack Growth Parameters ofAdvanced Ceramics by Constant Stress-Rate FlexuralTesting at Elevated Temperatures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1465; the number immediately following the designatio
2、n indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determin
3、ation of slow crackgrowth (SCG) parameters of advanced ceramics by usingconstant stress-rate flexural testing in which flexural strength isdetermined as a function of applied stress rate in a givenenvironment at elevated temperatures. The strength degrada-tion exhibited with decreasing applied stres
4、s rate in a specifiedenvironment is the basis of this test method which enables theevaluation of slow crack growth parameters of a material.NOTE 1This test method is frequently referred to as “dynamicfatigue” testing (Refs (3-5)2in which the term “fatigue” is usedinterchangeably with the term “slow
5、crack growth.” To avoid possibleconfusion with the “fatigue” phenomenon of a material which occursexclusively under cyclic loading, as defined in Terminology E1823, thistest method uses the term “constant stress-rate testing” rather than“dynamic fatigue” testing.NOTE 2In glass and ceramics technolog
6、y, static tests of considerableduration are called “static fatigue” tests, a type of test designated asstress-rupture (Terminology E1823).1.2 This test method is intended primarily to be used fornegligible creep of test specimens, with specific limits on creepimposed in this test method.1.3 This tes
7、t method applies primarily to advanced ceramicsthat are macroscopically homogeneous and isotropic. This testmethod may also be applied to certain whisker- or particle-reinforced ceramics that exhibit macroscopically homogeneousbehavior.1.4 This test method is intended for use with various testenviro
8、nments such as air, vacuum, inert, and any other gaseousenvironments.1.5 Values expressed in this standard test are in accordancewith the International System of Units (SI) and IEEE/ASTM SI 10.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. I
9、t is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C1145 Terminology of Advanced CeramicsC1211 Test Method for Flexural Strength o
10、f AdvancedCeramics at Elevated TemperaturesC1239 Practice for Reporting Uniaxial Strength Data andEstimating Weibull Distribution Parameters for AdvancedCeramicsC1322 Practice for Fractography and Characterization ofFracture Origins in Advanced CeramicsC1368 Test Method for Determination of Slow Cra
11、ckGrowth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by ConstantStress-Rate Strength Testing at Ambient TemperatureD1239 Test Method for Resistance of Plastic Films toExtraction by ChemicalsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical TestingE220 Test M
12、ethod for Calibration of Thermocouples ByComparison TechniquesE230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force(EMF) Tables for Standardized ThermocouplesE337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-peratures)E616 Terminology Relating to
13、 Fracture Testing (Discontin-ued 1996) (Withdrawn 1996)4E1150 Definitions of Terms Relating to Fatigue (Withdrawn1996)41This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 onAdvanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.01 onMechanical Properties and Performance
14、.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2013. Published September 2013. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C146508. DOI:10.1520/C1465-08R13.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.3For referenced ASTM standards, vis
15、it the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright AS
16、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard for Use ofthe International System of Units (SI): The Modern MetricSystemE1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing3. Terminology3.1 Defini
17、tions:3.1.1 The terms described in Terminologies C1145, E6, andE1823 are applicable to this test method. Specific termsrelevant to this test method are as follows:3.1.2 advanced ceramic, na highly engineered, high-performance, predominately, nonmetallic, inorganic, ceramicmaterial having specific fu
18、nctional attributes. (C1145)3.1.3 constant stress rate, FL2t1,na constant rate ofincrease of maximum flexural stress applied to a specifiedbeam by using either a constant load or constant displacementrate of a testing machine.3.1.4 environment, nthe aggregate of chemical speciesand energy that surro
19、unds a test specimen. (E1150)3.1.5 environmental chamber, na container surroundingthe test specimen and capable of providing controlled localenvironmental condition.3.1.6 flexural strength, fFL2,na measure of theultimate strength of a specified beam specimen in bendingdetermined at a given stress ra
20、te in a particular environment.3.1.7 flexural strength-stress rate diagrama plot of flex-ural strength as a function of stress rate. Flexural strength andstress rate are both plotted on logarithmic scales.3.1.8 flexural strength-stress rate curvea curve fitted tothe values of flexural strength at ea
21、ch of several stress rates,based on the relationship between flexural strength and stressrate:log f= 1/(n + 1) log + log D (see Appendix X1)3.1.8.1 DiscussionIn the ceramics literature, this is oftencalled a “dynamic fatigue” curve.3.1.9 fracture toughness, KICFL3/2,na generic term formeasures of re
22、sistance to extension of a crack. (E616)3.1.10 inert flexural strength FL2,na measure of thestrength of a specified beam specimen in bending as deter-mined in an appropriate inert condition whereby no slow crackgrowth occurs.3.1.10.1 DiscussionAn inert condition at near room tem-perature may be obta
23、ined by using vacuum, low temperatures,very fast test rates, or any inert media. However, at elevatedtemperatures, the definition or concept of an inert condition isunclear since temperature itself acts as a degrading environ-ment. It has been shown that for some ceramics one approachto obtain an in
24、ert condition (thus, inert strength) at elevatedtemperatures is to use very fast (ultra-fast) test rates 3104MPa/s, where the time for slow crack growth would beminimized or eliminated (6) .3.1.11 slow crack growth (SCG),nsubcritical crackgrowth (extension) which may result from, but is not restrict
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