ASTM B381-2006a Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings《钛和钛合金锻件的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 381 06aStandard Specification forTitanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in

2、parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers 39 grades of annealed tita-nium and titanium alloy forgings as follows:1.1.1 Grade F-1Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2 Grade F

3、-2Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2.1 Grade F-2HUnalloyed titanium (Grade 2 with 58ksi minimum UTS),1.1.3 Grade F-3Unalloyed titanium,1.1.4 Grade F-4Unalloyed titanium,1.1.5 Grade F-5Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium),1.1.6 Grade F-6Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 2.5 %tin),1.1.7 Grade F-7Unalloyed tit

4、anium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium,1.1.7.1 Grade F-7HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to0.25 % palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.8 Grade F-9Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium),1.1.9 Grade F-11Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium,1.1.10 Grade F-12Titanium alloy (0.3 % mo

5、lybdenum,0.8 % nickel),1.1.11 Grade F-13Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.12 Grade F-14Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.13 Grade F-15Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.14 Grade F-16Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium,1.1.14.1 Grade F-16H

6、Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium (Grade 16 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.15 Grade F-17Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium,1.1.16 Grade F-18Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.17 Grade F-19Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %vanadium

7、, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum),1.1.18 Grade F-20Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum)plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.19 Grade F-21Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.7 %niobium, 15 % molybdenum, 0.25 % silicon),1.1.20 Grade F-23Titanium

8、 alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium, extra low interstitials, ELI),1.1.21 Grade F-24Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.22 Grade F-25Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium) plus 0.3 to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04 to 0.08 %palladium,1.1.23 Grade F-26Unalloyed titan

9、ium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.23.1 Grade F-26HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.24 Grade F-27Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.25 Grade F-28Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium),1.1.26

10、Grade F-29Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08 to 0.14 %ruthenium),1.1.27 Grade F-30Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladium),1.1.28 Grade F-31Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladium),1.1.29 Grade F-32Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 1 %vanadium, 1

11、 % tin, 1 % zirconium, 0.8 % molybdenum),1.1.30 Grade F-33Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),1.1.31 Grade F-34Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),1.1.32 Grade F-35Titanium alloy (4.5 % aluminum, 2 %molyb

12、denum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron, 0.3 % silicon),1.1.33 Grade F-36Titanium alloy (45 % niobium),1.1.34 Grade F-37Titanium alloy (1.5 % aluminum), and1.1.35 Grade F-38Titanium alloy (4 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium, 1.5 % iron).1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReacti

13、ve and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B 381 06.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, se

14、e related Specifi-cation SB-381 in Section II of that Code.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 1H grade material is identical to the corresponding numericgrade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher guar

15、anteedminimum UTS, and may always be certified as meeting the requirementsof its corresponding numeric grade. Grades 2H, 7H, 16H, and 26H areintended primarily for pressure vessel use.The H grades were added in response to a user association request basedon its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2,

16、 7, 16, and 26 test reports,where over 99 % met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsAGradeTensile Strength, min Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset), min or RangeElongation in 4D,min, %Reduction of Area,min, %ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa)F-1 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-2 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-2HB,C58

17、(400) 40 (275) 20 30F-3 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30F-4 80 (550) 70 (483) 15 25F-5 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25F-6 120 (828) 115 (795) 10 25F-7 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-7HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-9 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25F-9D90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25F-11 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-12 70 (483) 50 (345) 18 2

18、5F-13 40 (275) 25 (170) 24 30F-14 60 (410) 40 (275) 20 30F-15 70 (483) 55 (380) 18 25F-16 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-16HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-17 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-18 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25F-18D90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20F-19E115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25F-19F135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096)

19、10 20F-19G165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20F-20E115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25F-20F135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20F-20G165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20F-21E115 (793) 110 (759) 15 35F-21F140 (966) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 30F-21G170 (1172) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 8

20、 20F-23 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25F-23D120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5H,6.0I25F-24 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25F-25 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25F-26 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-26HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-27 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-28 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25F-28D90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20F-29 120 (828) 110 (759) 10

21、25F-29D120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5H,6.0I15F-30 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-31 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30F-32 100 (689) 85 (586) 10 25F-33 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-34 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30F-35 130 (895) 120 (828) 5 20F-36 65 (450) 60 to 95 (410 to 655) 10 .F-37 50 (345) 31 (215) 20 30F-38 130 (895) 115 (794)

22、 10 25AThese properties apply to forgings having a cross section no greater than 3 in.2(1935 mm2). Mechanical properties of forgings having greater cross sections shall benegotiated between the manufacturer and the purchaser.BMaterial is identical to the corresponding numeric grade (that is, Grade F

23、-2H = Grade F-2) except for the higher guaranteed minimum UTS, and may be dual certifiedwith its corresponding numeric grade. Grade F-2H, F-7H, F-16H, and F-26H are intended primarily for pressure vessel use.CThe H grades were added in response to a user association request based on its study of ove

24、r 5200 commercial Grade 2, 7, 16, and 26 test reports where over 99%met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.DProperties for material in transformed-beta condition.EProperties for material in the solution treated condition.FProperties for solution treated and aged condition-Moderate strength (determined by aging

25、temperature).GProperties for solution treated and aged condition-High Strength (determined by aging temperature).HFor product section or wall thickness values 30 60.50Nitrogen 0.05 + 0.02Oxygen 0.30 + 0.03Oxygen 0.31 to 0.40 60.04Palladium 0.01 to 0.02 60.002Palladium 0.04 to 0.08 60.005Palladium 0.

26、12 to 0.25 60.02Ruthenium 0.02 to 0.04 60.005Ruthenium 0.04 to 0.06 60.005Ruthenium 0.08 to 0.14 60.01Silicon 0.06 to 0.40 60.02Tin 0.6 to 3.0 60.15Vanadium 0.6 to 4.5 60.15Vanadium 7.5 to 8.5 60.40Zirconium 0.6 to 1.4 60.15Zirconium 3.5 to 4.5 60.20ResidualsA(each) 0.15 + 0.02AA residual is an elem

27、ent present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities andis inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. In titaniumthese elements include aluminum, vanadium, tin, iron, chromium, molybdenum,niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper,silicon, c

28、obalt, tantalum, nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten.B 381 06a5on the applicable forging drawing or otherwise agreed upon bythe manufacturer and the purchaser.10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance10.1 Titanium alloy forgings shall be free of injuriousexternal and internal imperfections of a nat

29、ure that willinterfere with the purpose for which they are intended. An-nealed forgings may be furnished as descaled, sandblasted, orground. The manufacturer shall be permitted to remove minorsurface imperfections by spot grinding if such grinding doesnot reduce the thickness of the forging below th

30、e minimumpermitted by the tolerance for the forging at the applicablelocation.11. Retests11.1 If the results of any chemical or mechanical propertytest lot are not in conformance with the requirements of thisspecification, the lot may be retested at the option of themanufacturer. The frequency of th

31、e retest will double the initialnumber of tests. If the results of the retest conform to thespecification, then the retest values will become the test valuesfor certification. Only original conforming test results or theconforming retest results shall be reported to the purchaser. Ifthe results for

32、the retest fail to conform to the specification, thematerial will be rejected in accordance with Section 13.12. Rounding-Off Procedure12.1 For purposes of determining conformance with thisspecification, an observed or a calculated value shall berounded off to the nearest“ unit” in the last right-han

33、d signifi-cant digit used in expressing the limiting value. This is inaccordance with the round-off method of Practice E29.13. Rejection13.1 Forgings not conforming to this specification or toauthorized modifications shall be subject to rejection. Unlessotherwise specified, rejected forgings may be

34、returned to themanufacturer at the manufacturers expense, unless the pur-chaser receives, within three weeks of notice of rejection, otherinstructions for disposition.14. Referee Test and Analysis14.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser on the conformance of the ma

35、terial to therequirements of this specification, a mutually acceptable ref-eree shall perform the tests in question. The referees testingshall be used in determining conformance of the material tothis specification.15. Certification15.1 If so requested by the purchaser, the manufacturer shallsupply

36、at least one copy of his report certifying that theforgings supplied have been inspected and tested in accordancewith the requirements of this specification and that the resultsof chemical analysis and mechanical tests meet the require-ments of the specification for the appropriate grade.16. Packagi

37、ng and Package Marking16.1 PackagingUnless otherwise specified, forgings pur-chased under this specification shall be packaged in accordancewith the manufacturers standard practice.16.2 MarkingForgings shall be marked for identificationas agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser.17. Keyword

38、s17.1 forgings; titanium; titanium alloysSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS COVERING GRADE F3 TITANIUM FORGINGSThe following supplementary requirements are primarily intended for U.S. military applications andshall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the inquiry, contract

39、, or order.S1. U.S. Military RequirementsS1.1 Referenced Documents section follows.S1.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the seller is responsible for the performance of allinspection and test requirements in this specification, and theseller may use his or other suitable

40、 facilities for the perfor-mance of the inspection and testing.S1.3 Grade F-3 composition shall be modified as follows:Hydrogen 0.0125 maxIron 0.20 maxOxygen 0.26 maxS1.4 Two tensile specimens shall be taken from each lot offorgings up to and 125 pounds, and two tensile specimens shallbe taken from

41、each forging greater than 125 pounds forverification of compliance with Grade F-3 mechanical proper-ties of Table 3. A lot shall constitute all forgings from the sameheat, of the same design and size and heat treated in the sameheat treat furnace load. The test specimens shall be taken fromintegral

42、prolongations or extra forgings may be provided by theforger. Forgings under 3-12 inches (90 mm) in cross sectionmay use separately forged test bars provided the wall thicknessand amount of working are equivalent to the forgings beingsupplied. Extra forgings may be provided for samples whenforgings

43、are over 3-12 inches (90 mm) in cross sectionprovided samples cannot be taken from prolongations or bytrepanning. Samples shall be taken from the section of forginghaving the largest cross section. The longitudinal axis of thetensile specimens shall be parallel to the major direction ofmetal flow in

44、 the forging.S1.5 Repair welding is not permitted.B 381 06a6S1.6 Each forging shall be ultrasonically inspected inaccordance with MIL-STD-2154 throughout 100 % of theirvolume. Inspection shall be performed after heat treating whenthe forging is machined to the configuration for ultrasonicinspection

45、as shown on the forging sketch or drawing. Inspec-tion shall be performed prior to drilling holes, cutting keyways,tapers, grooves, or machining section to final contour. Forgingsshall be scanned using a straight beam technique such that allmajor planes are covered. Disc type forgings shall be scann

46、edusing a straight beam from at least one flat face and radiallyfrom the circumference when possible. Cylindrical, ring, andhollow forgings shall be scanned from the entire externalsurface using the straight beam technique, and in the axialdirection to the maximum extent possible. Acceptance criteri

47、ashall be to class A of MIL-STD-2154.S1.7 All surfaces of each forging shall be liquid penetrantinspected in accordance with NAVSEA T9074-AS-GIB-010/271. Acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with NAVSEAS9074-AR-GIB-010/278 as specified in the order.S1.8 Forgings shall be free of foreign materi

48、al and con-taminants such as sulfur, lead, marking paints or machining orforming lubricants. Forgings shall be cleaned prior to any heattreatment operations. Forgings shall be free of any oxygen richlayer, such as alpha case.S1.9 The first forging of each type and design submittedfor inspection shal

49、l be the first article sample. Mechanicalproperties for first article inspections shall be determinedthroughout the forging as specified in the order (which shouldalso include specific instructions regarding arrangements forexaminations, approval of test results, and disposition of thefirst article samples), and the number and location of the testspecimens and the acceptance criteria shall be as specified or asagreed upon between the contracting activity and the manu-facturer. In addition, A full cross-section shall be macroetchedin