ASTM A689-1997(2018) Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars for Springs.pdf

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1、Designation: A689 97 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Specification forCarbon and Alloy Steel Bars for Springs1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A689; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi

2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought steel bars to beused for the manufacture of general-purpose springs such ascoil, torsion,

3、 and leaf.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internati

4、onally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M

5、Specification for General Requirements for SteelBars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-WroughtA255 Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of SteelA304 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subjectto End-Quench Hardenability RequirementsA322 Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard GradesA576 S

6、pecification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought,Special QualityE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size3. Ordering Information3.1 Purchase orders for material to this specification shallinclude the following information as required to describe thedesired material adequately:3.1.1 ASTM d

7、esignation A689,3.1.2 ASTM grade number indicating the chemical compo-sition (see 5.1), special chemistry required (see 5.2), orhardenability (see 5.3),3.1.3 Quantity (number of bars or weight),3.1.4 Cross section description and dimensions or drawingsof section,3.1.5 Bar lengths,3.1.6 When purchase

8、rs processing requires cold shearing,cold punching, and cold trimming, this should be noted.3.1.7 When special straightness or machine-cut lengths arerequired, reference on the purchase order should be made toTables A1.10 and A1.9 or Tables A2.10 and A2.9 for SI unitsof Specification A29/A29M, and3.

9、1.8 Weight limitations per shipping bundle.4. Melting Practice4.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of the followingprimary processes: basic-oxygen or electric-furnace. The pri-mary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refiningand may be followed by secondary melting using electroslagr

10、emelting or vacuum arc remelting. Where secondary meltingis employed, the heat shall be defined as all of the ingotsremelted from a single primary heat.5. Chemical Composition or Hardenability Requirements5.1 When the steel is specified by chemical composition, thestandard steel grades are the ASTM

11、series 1000, 4100, 5100,6100, 8600, and 9200, and those including BoronASTM series10B00, 15B00, 50B00, and 51B00. The specific grades arelisted in Specifications A322 and A576.5.2 Modifications may be made in the chemistry of thestandard ASTM grades to suit the hardenability required for aparticular

12、 bar size, spring shape, or other special requirements.The steel supplier should be consulted on availability of anyspecial chemical compositions.5.2.1 A chemical analysis of each heat of steel purchasedunder 5.1 and 5.2 shall be made by the steel producer todetermine the percentage of the elements,

13、 which percentagesshall conform to the requirements of the designated ASTMgrade or special chemistry. The chemical analysis thus deter-mined shall be reported to the purchaser.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the d

14、irect responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.15 on Bars.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A689 97 (2013)1.DOI: 10.1520/A0689-97R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

15、contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international s

16、tandard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.

17、3 When the steel is specified by end-quench hardenabilityrequirements (alloy steels), the grade is identified by the suffixletter “H.” The standard alloy steel grades are the ASTM series4100H, 5100H, 6100H, 8600H, and 9200H and those includingBoron ASTM series 50B00H and 51B00H. The specific gradesa

18、re listed in Specification A304.5.3.1 Hardenability requirements (band limits) shall beshown on the purchase order as outlined in the applicablesections of Specification A304.5.3.2 The end-quench hardenability tests from each heat ofsteel shall be made in accordance with Test Methods A255,with the e

19、xception that a cast hardenability test specimen maybe acceptable. The test results shall conform within thespecified limits and shall be reported to the purchaser.6. General Requirements6.1 The hot-wrought bars shall be furnished in the as-wrought condition and shall conform to the general require-

20、ments as outlined in Specification A29/A29M, excepting thatthe spring steel bars shall not be marked by hot- or cold-stamping unless specified by the purchaser.6.2 Flat bars for leaf springs unless otherwise specified shallbe round-edge flat steel having two flat surfaces and two round(convex) edges

21、. The cross section tolerances permit the two flatsurfaces to be slightly concave. When there is concavity, theradii of the arcs of the two concave surfaces shall be approxi-mately the same length.6.2.1 The round edges shall approximate circular arcs witha radius of curvature between 65 to 85 % of t

22、he thickness of thebar.6.2.2 Round-edge flat bars shall conform to the crosssection tolerances specified in Table 2.6.3 Flat (Rectangular and Including Square) Bars withRounded Corners:6.3.1 The rounded corner radii shall be in accordance withTable 1.6.3.2 For section tolerances see Table A1.3 or A2

23、.3 for SIunits (for rectangular bars) and Table A1.1 or A2.1 for SI units(for square bars) of Specification A29/A29M.6.4 Round BarsFor section tolerances see Table A1.1 orA2.1 for SI units of Specification A29/A29M.6.5 Special Cross Section Shapes, such as KeystoneAdrawing of the cross section inclu

24、ding the tolerances shouldaccompany the purchase order. It is recommended that the steelsupplier be contacted concerning the availability of any specialcross section.6.6 Length and Straightness of Bars:6.6.1 For straightness and length tolerances, see TablesA1.10 and A1.8, or Tables A2.10 and A2.8 f

25、or SI units ofSpecification A29/A29M.6.6.2 When special straightness or machine-cut length arerequired, this must be clearly noted on the purchase order andreference made to Tables A1.10 and A1.9 or Tables A2.10 andA2.9 for SI units of Specification A29/A29M.6.7 The austenitic grain size shall be No

26、. 5 or finer asdetermined by Test Methods E112.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The bars shall be free of injurious defects and shall havea workmanlike finish consistent with good hot-rolling practicesfor bars intended for use in springs.8. Rejection and Rehearing8.1 Steel that fails to con

27、form to the requirements of thisspecification or shows injurious defects after its receipt by thepurchaser, or both, shall be rejected and the supplier shall benotified for disposition.9. Product Marking9.1 The bars shall be properly bundled for shipment andidentified as to size, weight, heat number

28、, grade designation,purchase order number, and name of supplier.TABLE 1 Rounded Corner RadiiSpecified Sizes,Ain. (mm)Nominal Corner Radii,in. (mm)0.250 (6.35) to 0.375 (9.52) 0.031 (0.78)0.375 (9.52) to 0.500 (12.70) 0.063 (1.60)Over 0.500 (12.70) to 0.813 (20.65) 0.094 (2.38)Over 0.813 (20.65) to 1

29、.469 (37.31) 0.125 (3.18)Over 1.469 (37.31) to 1.938 (49.23) 0.250 (6.35)Over 1.938 (49.23) to 2.438 (61.93) 0.313 (7.94)ASizes are distances between opposite sides of square bars and the thickness ofrectangular bars.A689 97 (2018)2TABLE2CrossSectionTolerancesforRound-EdgeFlatBarsSpecifiedWidth,in.(

30、mm)ToleranceinWidth,in.(mm)ToleranceAinThickness,in.(mm)ToleranceinConcavityBofFlatSurfaces,in.(mm)MaxDifferenceinThickness,Cin.(mm)OverToandincludingMinus0.0000.375(9.52)orUnderOver0.375(9.52)to0.875(22.22),inclOver0.875(22.22)to1.500(38.10),incl0.375(9.52)orUnderOver0.375(9.52)to0.875(22.22),inclO

31、ver0.875(22.22)to1.500(38.10),incl0.375(9.52)orUnderOver0.375(9.52)to0.875(22.22),inclOver0.875(22.22)to1.500(38.10),incl0.002.50(63.5)+0.030(0.76)0.005(0.13)0.006(0.15).0.005(0.13)0.006(0.15).0.002(0.05)0.002(0.05).2.50(63.5)4.00(101.6)+0.045(1.14)0.006(0.15)0.008(0.20)0.012(0.30)0.006(0.15)0.008(0

32、.20)0.012(0.30)0.003(0.07)0.004(0.10)0.006(0.15)4.00(101.6)5.00(127.0)+0.065(1.65)0.007(0.18)0.010(0.25)0.016(0.40)00.007(0.18)0.010(0.25)0.016(0.40)0.004(0.10)0.005(0.13)0.008(0.20)5.00(127.0)6.00(152.4)+0.090(2.28).0.012(0.30)0.020(0.51).0.012(0.30)0.020(0.51).0.006(0.15)0.010(0.25)AThicknessmeasu

33、rementsaretakenattheedgesofthebarwheretheflatsurfacesintersecttheroundededges.BConcavityisthedifferencebetweenthethicknessatthecenterofthebarandthethicknessattheedges.Thethicknessatthecentershouldnotexceedthethicknessattheedges.CMaximumdifferenceinthicknessbetweenthetwoedgesofeachbar.A689 97 (2018)3

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35、 entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standar

36、dsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committ

37、ee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 97 (2018)4