ASTM A336 A336M-2010 Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts《高压和高温部件用合金钢铸件标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: A336/A336M 10Standard Specification forAlloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-TemperatureParts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A336/A336M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea

2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers ferri

3、tic steel forgings forboilers, pressure vessels, high-temperature parts, and associ-ated equipment.1.2 Forgings made of steel grades listed in SpecificationA335/A335M, may also be ordered under this specification.The chemical, tensile, heat treatment, and marking require-ments of Specification A335/

4、A335M shall apply, except theforging shall conform to the chemical requirements of Tables 1and 2 of Specification A335/A335M only with respect to heatanalysis. On product analysis they may deviate from theselimits to the extent permitted in Table 1 of this specification.1.3 Supplementary Requirement

5、s S1 to S9 are provided foruse when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shallapply only when specified individually by the purchaser in theorder.1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.5 Sp

6、ecificationA336/A336M formerly included austeniticsteel forgings, which are now found in Specification A965/A965M.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem

7、 shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examinationof Steel ForgingsA335/A335M Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel P

8、ipe for High-Temperature ServiceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-quirementsA965/A965M Specification for Steel Forgings, Austenitic,for Pressure and High Temperature PartsE165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant

9、 Examination for GeneralIndustry2.2 Other Standard:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section III, NuclearFacility Components and Section IX, Welding Qualifica-tions43. Ordering Information and General Requirements3.1 In addition to the ordering information required bySpecification A788/A788M, the

10、 purchaser should include withthe inquiry and order the following information:3.1.1 Adrawing or sketch that shows test locations when thetesting is in accordance with 8.1.1.3.3.1.2 The intended use of forgings if 5.1 is applicable.3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform tothe requi

11、rements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-lines additional ordering information, manufacturing require-ments, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking,certification, product analysis variations, and additional supple-mentary requirements.1This specification is under the jurisdictio

12、n of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originallyapproved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A336/A336M 09.DOI:

13、 10.1520/A0336_A0336M-10.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-cation SA-336/SA-336M in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStand

14、ards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyri

15、ght ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsFerritic SteelsGradeF1F11,Class 2F11,Class 3F11,Class 1F12 F5 F5A F9 F6 F6NMF21,Class 3F21,Class 1F22,Class 3F22,Class 1F91 F911 F92 F3V F3VCb F22VTensilestrength,k

16、si MPA70-95485-66070-95485-66075-100515-69060-85415-58570-95485-66060-85415-58580-105550-72585-110585-76085-110585-760115-140790-96575-100515-69060-85415-58575-100515-69060-85415-58590-110620-76090-120620-83090-120620-83085-110585-76085-110585-76085-110585-760Yield strength,min, ksi MPa4027540275453

17、103020540275362505034555380553809062045310302054531030205604156444064440604156041560415Elongation in2 in. or50 mm, min, %20 20 18 20 20 20 19 20 18 15 19 20 19 20 20 20 20 18 18 18Reductionof area,min, %40 40 40 45 40 40 35 40 35 45 40 45 40 45 40 40 45 45 45 45A336/A336M1023.3 If the requirements o

18、f this specification are in conflictwith the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, therequirements of this specification shall prevail.3.4 For hubbed flanges and tube sheets ordered for ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code application, SupplementaryRequirement S12 of SpecificationA788/A788M shall

19、 be speci-fied.3.5 At the purchasers request the forgings shall be roughmachined before heat treatment (5.2).3.6 For Section III, Part NB of the ASME Boiler andPressure Vessel Code application, Supplementary RequirementS3 shall be specified.4. Melting and Forging4.1 In addition to the melting and fo

20、rging requirements ofSpecification A788/A788M, which may be supplemented bySupplementary Requirement S8, the following conditions ap-ply:4.1.1 A sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedomfrom injurious pipe and undue segregation.5. Machining5.1 Forged pressure vessels for steam power service

21、 shallhave the inner surface machined or ground. Unfired pressurevessels shall have the inner surfaces sufficiently free of scale topermit inspection.5.2 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, whenrough machining is performed, it may be done either before orafter heat treatment at the manufact

22、urers option.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Except as permitted in 6.1.1 for Grade F22V, and in6.1.2 for Grade F91 and Grade F92, the steel forgings shall beannealed or normalized and tempered but alternatively may beliquid quenched and tempered when mutually agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the purcha

23、ser. For all grades,normalizing or liquid quenching shall be followed by temper-ing at a subcritical temperature as shown in 6.1.4.6.1.1 Grade F22V forgings shall be normalized and tem-pered or liquid quenched and tempered at the manufacturersoption.6.1.1.1 For Grade F22V forgings the minimum austen

24、itizingtemperature shall be 1650F 900C.6.1.2 Grade F91 forgings having any section thicknessgreater than 3 in. 75 mm shall be normalized and tempered orliquid quenched and tempered at the manufacturers option.Grade F92 forgings shall be normalized and tempered or liquidquenched and tempered at the m

25、anufacturers option.6.1.2.1 For Grade F91, F911, and F92 forgings, the austen-itizing temperature shall be in the range of 1900 to 1975F1040 to 1080C.6.1.3 For Grade F6NM the austenitizing temperature shallbe 1850F 1010C minimum. The tempering temperaturerange shall be as shown in 6.1.4.6.1.4 Except

26、 for the following grades, the minimum tem-pering temperature shall be 1100F 595C:Grade Tempering TemperatureMinimum or Range, F CF6 1150 620F6NM 1040-1120 560-600F11, Class 2 1150 620F11, Class 3 1150 620F11, Class 1 1150 620F5 1250 675F9 1250 675F21, Class 1 1250 675F3V, F3VCb 1250 675F22, Class 1

27、 1250 675F22V 1250 675F91, F92 1350-1470 730-800F911 1365-1435 740-780F22, Class 3 1250 6757. Chemical Composition7.1 Heat AnalysisThe heat analysis obtained from sam-pling in accordance with Specification A788/A788M and shallcomply with Table 2.7.2 Product AnalysisThe manufacturer shall use the pro

28、d-uct analysis provision of Specification A788/A788M to obtaina product analysis from a forging representing each heat ormultiple heat. The product analysis for columbium and calciumfor Grade F22V shall conform to the requirements of Table 2of this specification. Boron is not subject to product anal

29、ysis.The purchaser may also make this determination in accordancewith Specification A788/A788M.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 General RequirementsThe material shall conform tothe requirements for mechanical properties prescribed in Table1. The largest obtainable tension test specimen as specified inTes

30、t Methods and Definitions A370 shall be used.8.1.1 Except as required in 3.4, for annealed, normalized,and tempered or quenched and tempered forgings, the longi-tudinal axis of the tension test specimens, and, when required,Charpy impact test specimens, shall be parallel to the directionof major wor

31、king of the forging, except when SupplementaryRequirement S2 is specified. For upset disk forgings, thelongitudinal axis of the test specimen shall be in the tangentialdirection.8.1.1.1 Except as provided for liquid quenched and tem-pered forgings in 8.1.1.3, the longitudinal axis of the specimensha

32、ll be located midway between the parallel surfaces of thetest extension if added to the periphery of disks or midwaybetween the center and surface of solid forgings. For hollowforgings, the longitudinal axis of the specimens shall be locatedmidway between the center and outer surfaces of the wall.Wh

33、en separately forged test blocks are employed, as defined in8.1.3, the tension test specimens shall be taken from a locationthat represents the midwall of the heaviest section of theproduction forgings. When specimens are required from oppo-site ends, they shall be taken from the diagonal corners of

34、 anaxial plane.Alternatively, and when specified by the purchaser,the specimens shall be taken in accordance with Supplemen-tary Requirement S3.8.1.1.2 For liquid quenched and tempered forgings, the testspecimens shall have their longitudinal axis at least14 T of themaximum heat-treated thickness fr

35、om any surface and with themid-length of the specimens at least one T from any secondsurface. This is normally referred to as14 T 3 T, where T is theA336/A336M 103maximum heat-treated thickness.Athermal buffer may be usedto adhere to the above condition.8.1.1.3 For liquid quenched and tempered forgi

36、ngs withprior purchaser approval, test specimens may be taken at adepth (t) corresponding to the distance from the area ofsignificant stress to the nearest heat-treated surface and at leasttwice this distance (2 t) from any second surface. However, thetest depth shall not be nearer to one heat-treat

37、ed surface than34in. 19 mm and to the second treated surface than 112 in. 38mm. This method of test specimen location normally (knownas tx2t testing) applies to thick and complex pressure vesselcomponents where the testing in accordance with 8.1.1.2 is notpractical. Sketches showing the proposed exa

38、ct test locationsshall be approved by the purchaser when this method is used.8.1.2 Except as specified in this specification, tests foracceptance shall be made after heat treatment has beencompleted in accordance with Section 6. When the ends of thecylindrical forgings are closed in by reforging, th

39、e cylindricalforgings may be normalized and tempered or annealed andtested before reforging. After reforging, the entire forging shallTABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsAComposition, %GradeElement F1 F11, Classes 2and 3F11, Class 1 F12 F5BF5ABF9 F6 F6NMCarbon 0.200.30 0.100.20 0.050.15 0.100.20 0.15 max 0

40、.25 max 0.15 max 0.12 max 0.05 maxManganese 0.600.80 0.300.80 0.300.60 0.300.80 0.300.60 0.60 max 0.300.60 1.00 max 0.501.00Phosphorus,max0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.020Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.015Silicon 0.200.35 0.501.00 0.501.00 0.100.60

41、0.50 max 0.50 max 0.501.00 1.00 max 0.60 maxNickel . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50 max 0.50 max . . . 0.50 max 3.55.5Chromium . . . 1.001.50 1.001.50 0.801.10 4.06.0 4.06.0 8.010.0 11.513.5 11.514Molybdenum 0.400.60 0.450.65 0.440.65 0.450.65 0.450.65 0.450.65 0.901.10 . . . 0.501.00GradeElement F21, C

42、lasses1 and 3F22, Classes1 and 3Carbon 0.050.15 0.050.15Manganese 0.300.60 0.300.60Phosphorus,max0.025 0.025Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025Silicon 0.50 max 0.50 maxNickel . . . . . .Chromium 2.73.3 2.002.50Molybdenum 0.801.06 0.901.10Vanadium . . . . . .Copper . . . . . .Nitrogen . . . . . .Columbium . . .

43、. . .Element Grade F91 Grade F911 Grade F92 F3V F3VCb F22VCarbon 0.080.12 0.090.13 0.070.13 0.100.15 0.100.15 0.110.15Manganese 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60Phosphorus,max0.025 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.015Sulfur, max 0.025 0.010 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.010Silicon 0.200.50 0.100.

44、50 0.50 0.10 max 0.10 max 0.10 maxNickel 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 . . . 0.25 max 0.25 maxChromium 8.09.5 8.59.5 8.509.50 2.73.3 2.73.3 2.002.50Molybdenum 0.851.05 0.901.10 0.300.60 0.901.10 0.901.10 0.901.10Vanadium 0.180.25 0.180.25 0.150.25 0.200.30 0.200.30 0.250.35Columbium 0.060.10 0.060.10 0.040

45、.09 . . . 0.0150.070 0.07 maxNitrogen 0.030.07 0.040.09 0.0300.070 . . . . . . . . .Aluminum 0.02 maxC0.02 maxC0.02 . . .Boron . . . 0.00030.006 0.0010.006 0.0010.003 . . 0.0020 maxTungsten . . . 0.901.10 1.502.00 . . . . . . . . .Titanium 0.01 maxC0.01 maxC0.01 0.0150.035 0.015 max 0.030 maxCopper

46、. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25 max 0.20 maxCalcium . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00050.0150 0.015 maxDZirconium 0.01 maxC0.01 maxC0.01 . . .AWhere ellipses (.) appear in this table, there is no requirement, and the element need neither be analyzed for nor reported.BThe present Grade F 5A (0.25 %, maximum

47、carbon) previous to 1955 was assigned the identification symbol F5. Identification symbol F5 has been assigned to the0.15 %, maximum, carbon grade to be consistent with ASTM specifications for other products such as pipe, tubing, bolting, welding, fittings, etc.CApplies to both heat and product anal

48、yses.DFor Grade F 22V, rare earth metals (REM) may be added in place of calcium subject to agreement between the producer and the purchaser. In that case the totalamount of REM shall be determined and reported.A336/A336M 104be re-heat treated in the same manner and at the sametemperature range as em

49、ployed when the forging was heattreated before certification testing.8.1.3 When mutually agreed upon between the manufac-turer and the purchaser, test specimens may be machined froma specially forged block suitably worked and heat treated withthe production forgings. Such a special block shall be obtainedfrom an ingot, slab, or billet from the sam