ASTM A1021 A1021M-2005 Standard Specification for Martensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service.pdf

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1、Designation: A 1021/A 1021M 05Standard Specification forMartensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and Forging Stock forHigh-Temperature Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 1021/A 1021M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, i

2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers martensitic chromium stainlesssteel forgings, forged b

3、ar, and forging stock for high tempera-ture service. The mechanical properties are developed bysuitable heat treatment, as indicated for each alloy.1.2 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound unitsand in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contractspecifies the applicable M sp

4、ecification designation (SI units),the inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated in eitherinch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately asstandard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each sys

5、tem shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-formance with the standard.1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supple-mentary requirements shall apply only when specified

6、indi-vidually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the appl

7、ica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 275 Test Method for Magnetic Particle Examination ofSteel ForgingsA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Require-mentsE112

8、 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE 292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-For-RuptureNotch Tension Tests of MaterialsE 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and ForgingsE 562 Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction bySystematic Manual Point Count3. Ordering Inf

9、ormation3.1 In addition to the ordering information required bySpecification A 788, the purchaser shall specify the gradedesignation, heat treatment condition, class and finish, andinclude a sketch or written description of the forging with theinquiry and order.4. General Requirements4.1 Materials s

10、upplied to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 788, including any supple-mentary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order.Failure to comply with the general requirements of Specifica-tionA 788 constitutes non-conformance with this specification.In case

11、 of conflict between the requirements of this specifica-tion and Specification A 788, this specification shall prevail.5. Manufacture5.1 Melting ProcessAll melting processes of Specifica-tion A 788 are permitted unless the purchaser invokes Supple-mentary Requirement S1.5.2 Forging ProcessEither the

12、 closed impression die orthe open die, including ring rolling, forging processes may beutilized unless the purchaser specifies a process.5.3 Heat TreatmentQuenched and tempered classes shallbe heat-treated in accordance with Table 1.5.3.1 Number of Heat TreatmentsHeat treatment as de-fined in Table

13、1 shall consist of austenitizing, quenching, andtempering. Retempering is permitted but purchaser approval isrequired for more than one complete reheat treatment.5.4 Stress ReliefWhen heat treatment for mechanicalproperties is followed by straightening, a stress-relieving heattreatment is required i

14、n accordance with Table 1.5.4.1 Quenching after Stress ReliefLiquid quenching ofstress-relieved forgings is prohibited.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06 on Steel Forg

15、ings and Billets.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A 1021 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book

16、 of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.5 FinishForging

17、s may be furnished in one of the fol-lowing hot-finished conditions:5.5.1 Finish FAs forged without descaling.5.5.2 Finish FDForged and descaled.5.5.3 Finish RTRough turned or rough machined tospecified dimensions. Billets or blooms ordered as forgingstock shall be furnished with a ground, machined,

18、 or descaledsurface unless otherwise specified in the ordering document.5.6 CamberCamber shall not exceed14 in. 5 mm in 5 ft150 cm.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements for chemicalcomposition prescribed in Table 2.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Tension, Impact, Stress

19、Rupture, and Hardness TestsAll testing shall be performed after heat treatment and stressrelief, as applicable. The material and test specimens shall meetthe requirements of Table 3 if fully heat-treated or Table 4 ifannealed. Mechanical property requirements, including hard-ness, do not apply to fo

20、rging stock when it is to be tested afterforging and heat treatment.7.2 Test SpecimensForgings may be lot tested. Test speci-mens may be obtained from production forgings or fromseparately forged test blanks prepared from the stock used tomake the finished part. Forgings that are lot tested shall be

21、produced from the same heat of steel and heat treated at thesame time. Separately forged test blanks shall receive essen-tially the same type of hot-working and forging reduction asthe production forgings; however, a longitudinally forged barwith dimensions not less than T by T by 3 T may be used to

22、represent a ring forging. The dimension T shall be representa-tive of the heaviest effective cross section of the forging.7.3 Test Specimen OrientationMechanical property re-quirements are for samples oriented in the direction of grainflow. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, manu-fact

23、urers may orient the samples in any direction provided themechanical property requirements are met.7.4 Test Specimen LocationWhen transverse or circum-ferential specimens are tested, they shall be taken from as closeas possible to a mid-radius or mid-wall location of the forging.TABLE 1 Heat Treatme

24、nt, F CGrade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E Grade FClass1 stainless steel billets; stain-less steel forgingsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in thecontract or order.S1. Secondary Melting and RefiningS1.1 ESR or VAR

25、 is required. Use of either is permittedunless otherwise specified.S2. Ingot Chemical AnalysisS2.1 If consumable electrode remelting is used, then chemi-cal analyses of each remelted ingot shall meet the chemicalcomposition requirements listed and shall be reported.S3. MacrostructureS3.1 Samples sha

26、ll be taken from the top and bottom of thefirst and last ingot of each heat. The structure of the startingbillets shall meet the criteria of Method E 381, S-3, R-2, C-3#36 in.20.84 m2 and S-3, R-3, C-3 36 in.20.84 m2.S4. Magnetic Particle InspectionS4.1 Each forging shall be magnetic particle inspec

27、ted inaccordance with Test MethodA 275. The maximum acceptableindication size shall be18 in. 3 mm unless otherwise specifiedby the purchaser.S5. Ultrasonic InspectionS5.1 Ultrasonic inspection is required. The test method,location, and acceptance criteria shall be as agreed upon by thepurchaser and producer.S6. MicrostructureS6.1 The microstructure shall be tempered martensite withno more than 2 % delta ferrite.TABLE 3 Mechanical PropertiesQuenched or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A 1021/A 1021M 054