API RP T-4-1995 Training of Offshore Personnel in Nonoperating Emergencies (Second Edition)《海上工作人员非作业情况的应急训练.第2版》.pdf

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1、Training of Offshore Personnel inNonoperating EmergenciesAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE T-4SECOND EDITION, OCTOBER 1995REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2010Training of Offshore Personnel inNonoperating EmergenciesUpstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE T-4SECOND EDITION, OCTOBER 1995REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2010SPECIA

2、L NOTES1. API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERALNATURE. WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LOCAL, STATE,AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS SHOULD BE REVIEWED.2. API IS NOT UNDERTAKING TO MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, MANU-FACTURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AN

3、D EQUIPTHEIR EMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH ANDSAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS, NOR UNDERTAKING THEIR OBLIGATIONSUNDER LOCAL, STATE, OR FEDERAL LAWS.3. INFORMATION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS AND PROPERPRECAUTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR MATERIALS AND CONDI-TIONS SHOULD BE O

4、BTAINED FROM THE EMPLOYER, THE MANUFACTUREROR SUPPLIER OF THAT MATERIAL, OR THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET.4. NOTHING CONTAINED IN ANY API PUBLICATION IS TO BE CONSTRUED ASGRANTING ANY RIGHT, BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE, FOR THE MANU-FACTURE, SALE, OR USE OF ANY METHOD, APPARATUS, OR PRODUCT COV-ERE

5、D BY LETTERS PATENT. NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHING CONTAINED IN THEPUBLICATION BE CONSTRUED AS INSURING ANYONE AGAINST LIABILITYFOR INFRINGEMENT OF LETTERS PATENT.5. GENERALLY, API STANDARDS ARE REVIEWED AND REVISED, REAF-FIRMED, OR WITHDRAWN AT LEAST EVERY FIVE YEARS. SOMETIMES A ONE-TIME EXTENSION OF UP

6、 TO TWO YEARS WILL BE ADDED TO THIS REVIEWCYCLE. THIS PUBLICATION WILL NO LONGER BE IN EFFECT FIVE YEARS AF-TER ITS PUBLICATION DATE AS AN OPERATIVE API STANDARD OR, WHEREAN EXTENSION HAS BEEN GRANTED, UPON REPUBLICATION. STATUS OF THEPUBLICATION CAN BE ASCERTAINED FROM THE API AUTHORING DEPART-MENT

7、 TELEPHONE (202) 682-8000. A CATALOG OF API PUBLICATIONS ANDMATERIALS IS PUBLISHED ANNUALLY AND UPDATED QUARTERLY BY API,1220 L STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20005.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted by any means, electronic, mech

8、anical, photocopying, recording, or other-wise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact API Publications Manager, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright 1995 American Petroleum InstituteiiiCONTENTSPage1 SCOPE . 12 REFERENCES 13 RECORDS . 14COVERAGE 15 GENERAL INFO

9、RMATION 16 PHASE 1TRAINING . 16.1 General Information 16.2 Phase 1 Subjects . 17 PHASE 2TRAINING . 27.1 General Information 27.2 Transportation Emergencies . 27.3 Other Emergencies 28 PHASE 3TRAINING . 28.1 General Information 28.2 Phase 3 Subjects . 28.3 Water Survival 39 SUPERVISORY RESPONSIBILITI

10、ES . 3ivFOREWORDThis Recommended Practice (RP) was developed under the jurisdiction of the Ameri-can Petroleum Institutes (APIs) former Committee on Offshore Safety and Anti-PollutionTraining and Motivation (OSAPTM), and its parent, API Production Department Execu-tive Committee on Training and Deve

11、lopment. It has been prepared with the overall advi-sory guidance of API, the Offshore Operators Committee (OOC), the Western Oil and GasAssociation (WOGA), and the International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC).Criteria presented in this Recommended Practice should be used as a guide by c

12、ompa-nies engaged in offshore operations to develop programs consistent with applicable au-thorities and regulations to train their personnel in safe practices and mutual assistance innonoperating emergencies at the job site and during transportation to and from the worklocation.This publication inc

13、ludes usage of the verbs shall and should, whichever is the moreapplicable to the function. Both shall and should are positive statements and should betreated as such. For the purpose of this publication the following definitions apply:Shall. Indicates that the function has universal applicability t

14、o the specific activity.Should. Indicates that: (1) the function may have an alternate practice that is equivalentand could be applied; (2) the practice may not be practical or necessary under certain con-ditions; or (3) the practice may not be applicable to the specific facility or configuration.AP

15、I publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been madeby the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however,the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this pub-lication and hereby expressly dis

16、claims any liability or responsibility for loss or damageresulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation withwhich this publication may conflict.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of the Explo-ration and Production Depar

17、tment, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W.,Washington, D.C. 20005.1 ScopeThis Recommended Practice is applicable to personnelwho normally work offshore. It presents recommendationsfor training these personnel in handling nonoperating emer-gencies, such as fires, transportation emergenc

18、ies, platformabandonment procedures, use of survival craft, and watersurvival guidelines.2 ReferencesThe following Recommended Practices are cited herein.APIT-1 Orientation Programs for Personnel Going Offshore for the First Time14G Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention andControl on Open Type Of

19、fshore ProductionPlatforms3 RecordsEach employer shall maintain a record at a local or centrallocation of the training each of their employees receives inaccordance with the provisions of this Recommended Prac-tice. Documentation of the training shall be furnished tothose employees whose work locati

20、on varies. Prior knowl-edge of employees experienced in these emergencies can bedocumented to preclude unnecessary instruction.4CoverageThis Recommended Practice represents an industry guidefor the training of workers normally stationed offshore onproper actions to be taken in the event of a nonoper

21、atingemergency or unusual situation. Circumstances may suggestother nonoperating emergencies for which training shouldbe provided.5 General InformationThe employer shall ensure their employees have receivedinstruction in accordance with API Recommended PracticeT-1: Orientation Programs for Personnel

22、 Going Offshore forthe First Time.6 Phase 1Training6.1 GENERAL INFORMATIONDuring their first week offshore, employees shall receiveadditional instructions on emergency situations.6.2 PHASE 1 SUBJECTSWhere appropriate, the instructions should begin withitems listed in API Recommended Practice T-1, an

23、d shouldinclude, but not be limited to, the following subjects:a. Person in charge.b. Location and explanation of station bills.c. Reasons for evacuation from the work site:1. Fire.2. Blowout.3. Collision.4. Major storm.5. Other accident.6. Illness.d. Means of departure:Note: Emphasis should be plac

24、ed on the absolute necessity to wear a lifepreserver if abandonment is ordered.1. Survival craft (e.g., lifeboat, capsule, life raft).2. Stairways.3. Ladders.4. Escape ropes.5. Swing ropes to boat.6. Personnel basket (net) to boat.7. Aircraft.8. Slides.9. Jump as the last resort.e. Evacuation equipm

25、ent:1. Lifeboats and capsules.2. Helicopters.3. Boats.4. Life rafts.5. Life rings.6. Life preservers.f. Evacuating the work location. The different alarms, allclear signals, evacuation reporting stations, and responsibil-ities should be demonstrated.1Training of Offshore Personnel in Nonoperating Em

26、ergencies2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE T- 47 Phase 2Training7.1 GENERAL INFORMATIONWithin one year of going offshore for the first time, em-ployees shall receive further instructions from their employ-ers in transportation and other emergencies.7.2 TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCIESThe employees should receive

27、 instruction in transporta-tion emergencies covering, but not limited to, the followingsubjects:a. Identity of person in charge.b. Helicopters:1. Review types of emergencies.2. Emergency procedures for downed aircraft:a. Pilot duties.b. Passenger procedures.c. Special caution with respect to rotors.

28、3. Helicopter evacuation in water:a. Escape exits.b. Use of life vest.c. Location and use of survival gear and emergencyequipment.4. Use of life raft:a. Deployment.b. Boarding.c. Sea anchor and its deployment.d. Normal equipment on raft.e. Repairs.f. Reinflation.g. Capabilities and limitations.5. Us

29、e of survival kit contents.6. Use of protective clothing and covers, when applica-ble.7. Hypothermia and its prevention, when applicable.c. Boats:1. Review types of emergencies (e.g., collision, fire,foundering).2. Types and locations of fire extinguishers normally onboard.3. Lifesaving appliances n

30、ormally on board.4. Equipment included with life rafts and lifeboats.5. Escape routes and emergency exits.6. Launching rafts in rough seas.7. Handling rafts in rough seas.8. Actions after leaving the boat.9. Hypothermia.10. Radios normally carried on boats.11. Marine Radio Emergency Channel (normall

31、y Chan-nel 16).12. Emergency radio procedures and information to betransmitted.7.3 OTHER EMERGENCIESThe employees should receive instruction in other emer-gencies covering, but not limited to, the following subjects:a. Identity of person in charge.b. Platform evacuation:1. Ambulatory employee.2. Dis

32、abled employee.c. Fire protection equipment:1. Locations.2. Operation.3. Techniques.8 Phase 3Training8.1 GENERAL INFORMATIONWithin two years of going offshore for the first time, theemployer shall ensure their employees receive training inthose subjects listed in 8.2 that are applicable to the em-pl

33、oyees job assignments (including emergency situations).8.2 PHASE 3 SUBJECTSPhase 3 subjects cover the following topics:a. Basic First Aid. Each employee shall complete a trainingcourse that meets or exceeds the Red Cross multimedia firstaid course.b. Fire Prevention and Protection Techniques and Equ

34、ip-ment. The employer should implement the training specifiedin API Recommended Practice 14G: Recommended Practicefor Fire Prevention and Control on Open Type Offshore Pro-duction Platforms.c. Operating Emergency Survival Craft. The employeeshould be given instruction on the following functions wher

35、eapplicable to the employees location and assigned duties:1. Launch survival craft.2. Release survival craft from platform.3. Start engine and all accessories4. Steer away from platform vicinity.5. Use radio and other signal devices on board.6. Use survival gear on board.7. Understand craft capabili

36、ties and limitations.8. Understand duties of all positions on craft.9. Retrieve and secure craft.d. Emergency Drills. The employee should be rotatedthrough all appropriate emergency drill positions as indi-cated on the Station Bill commensurate with the employeesassigned duties as follows:1. Facilit

37、y abandonment.2. Fire.3. Man overboard.4. Lifeboats.TRAINING OF OFFSHORE PERSONNEL IN NONOPERATING EMERGENCIES 38.3 WATER SURVIVALThe employer should offer available training in WaterSurvival Techniques.9 Supervisory ResponsibilitiesSupervisors are responsible for the safety of personnelworking for

38、them. Employers are responsible for the safetyand training of their employees. Each contractors supervi-sor shall be aware of and enforce that contractors safety andtraining procedures as well as those of the firm contractingfor their services as specified in the contractual arrangement.1-0120010/95XM ( )Order No. GT4002ADDITIONAL COPIES AVAILABLE FROMPUBLICATIONS AND DISTRIBUTION(202) 682-8375