TED演讲【做勇敢的女孩】20160419.pdf

《TED演讲【做勇敢的女孩】20160419.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《TED演讲【做勇敢的女孩】20160419.pdf（7页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、So a few years ago, I did something really brave, or some would say really stupid. I ran for Congress. 几年前， 我做了一些非常 勇敢的事， 或许有些 人会说很愚蠢 的事。 我参选国 会议员. For years, I had existed safely behind the scenes in politics as a fundraiser, as an organizer, but in my heart, I always wanted to run. The sitting con

2、gresswoman had been in my district since 1992. She had never lost a race, and no one had really even run against her in a Democratic primary. But in my mind, this was my way to make a difference, to disrupt the status quo. The polls, however, told a very different story. My pollsters told me that I

3、was crazy to run, that there was no way that I could win. 很多年来， 我 安全地存在于 政治活 动背后 作为资金筹集 人， 作 为组织者 ， 但我 的内心， 我 一直希望参选。 我所在选 区的国会议员 女士 从 1992 年起担任这个职务 。 她从 未输过一场 选战， 没有人真正认真地 在民主选举 中与她竞争。 但在我心中， 这 就是我 创 造不同的方 式， 改变现状。 民意调查，然而 ， 显示出完全不同的 故事。 我的民调专 家告 诉我 我要 参选简直疯了， 我不可能 会赢。 But I ran anyway, and in 2012

4、, I became an upstart in a New York City congressional race. I swore I was going to win. I had the endorsement from the New York Daily News, the Wall Street Journal snapped pictures of me on election day, and CNBC called it one of the hottest races in the country. I raised money from everyone I knew

5、, including Indian aunties that were just so happy an Indian girl was running. But on election day, the polls were right, and I only got 19 percent of the vote, and the same papers that said I was a rising political star now said I wasted 1.3 million dollars on 6,321 votes. Dont do the math. It was

6、humiliating. 但我还是参选了， 在 2012 年，我成 了崛起的新秀 参选纽 约市国会竞选 。 我发誓我会 赢 。 我得到了 纽约每日新 闻 的认可， 华尔街日报 刊登了我在选 举日的照片， 美国全国 广播公司财经频道称 之为 全国范围内最热 的选战。 我从我认 识的每个人那 里筹 钱， 包括 印度阿姨们 她们很高兴一 个印度女生参选 。 但选举日，民调 是对的， 我只拿 到了 19%的 选票， 那张曾称我为 新兴政治明星 的报纸 现在却说我浪 费了 130 万美金 在 6321 张选票上 。 不要算数字。 太丢脸了。 Now, before you get the wrong i

7、dea, this is not a talk about the importance of failure. Nor is it about leaning in. I tell you the story of how I ran for Congress because I was 33 years old and it was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave, where I didnt worry about being perfect. 现在，在你们得到

8、错 误观点前， 这不是一 个讲述 失败有多重 要的演说。 也不 是说女孩要 向前一步。 我讲述的故事 是 我如何参选国会议 员的 因为我只有 33 岁 这是我 人生中第一 次 做出真正勇敢的事， 没有担心 完美。 And Im not alone: so many women I talk to tell me that they gravitate towards careers and professions that they know theyre going to be great in, that they know theyre going to be perfect in, a

9、nd its no wonder why. Most girls are taught to avoid risk and failure. Were taught to smile pretty, play it safe, get all As. Boys, on the other hand, are taught to play rough, swing high, crawl to the top of the monkey bars and then just jump off headfirst. And by the time theyre adults, whether th

10、eyre negotiating a raise or even asking someone out on a date, theyre habituated to take risk after risk. Theyre rewarded for it. Its often said in Silicon Valley, no one even takes you seriously unless youve had two failed start-ups. In other words, were raising our girls to be perfect, and were ra

11、ising our boys to be brave. 我不是一个人： 太多女士曾 告诉我 她们多么被 职业和专业吸引 她们 知道她们会 做得很好 ， 她们知道她们会非常 完美， 不足为奇。 绝大多数的女孩 被教育 来规避风险和 失败。 我们 被教育要有漂亮的微 笑， 不要冒险，课程 拿全 A 。 男孩们， 另一方面来说 ， 被教育成要 更加勇猛， 冲击更高的目标， 爬上单杠 最高的那层然 后往下跳。 当他们成长 为大人， 无 论他们是在谈判加薪 或是 约某人出去玩， 他们 习惯于接受一 个一个挑战。 他 们也为此得 到回报奖赏。 在矽谷有这样的说 法， 没人把你当回事 除非你创 业失败两次以

12、 上。 另一句 话说， 我们教育培养女孩 子们追求完美， 我们 教育培养男孩 子们要勇敢。 Some people worry about our federal deficit, but I, I worry about our bravery deficit. Our economy, our society, were just losing out because were not raising our girls to be brave. The bravery deficit is why women are underrepresented in STEM, in C-suit

13、es, in boardrooms, in Congress, and pretty much everywhere you look. 有些人担心我们的联 邦赤字， 但是，我担 心我们的勇气 赤字。 我们的经济 ，我 们的社 会 ， 我们在遭受损失， 因为我 们没有教育女孩 子们要勇敢。 勇气 赤字就是为什 么女 性 在科学 技术工程数学（STEM ）领域， 在企业 高管层，在董 事会，在国会 ， 在你所看 到的任何地 方 都未被充分代表。 In the 1980s, psychologist Carol Dweck looked at how bright fifth graders ha

14、ndled an assignment that was too difficult for them. She found that bright girls were quick to give up. The higher the IQ, the more likely they were to give up. Bright boys, on the other hand, found the difficult material to be a challenge. They found it energizing. They were more likely to redouble

15、 their efforts. 在 1980 年代，心理学家 Carol Dweck 观察研究了五 年级学生 如何处理一 项 对他们来说太 困难的作业。 她发现，聪 明的女孩们很快 就放弃了。 智商越 高的女孩， 放弃 的可能性越 大。 男孩们， 将困 难的材料视为一 个挑战 。 他们为此精力充沛 。 他们更倾向 于 双倍努力。 Whats going on? Well, at the fifth grade level, girls routinely outperform boys in every subject, including math and science, so its n

16、ot a question of ability. The difference is in how boys and girls approach a challenge. And it doesnt just end in fifth grade. An HP report found that men will apply for a job if they meet only 60 percent of the qualifications, but women, women will apply only if they meet 100 percent of the qualifi

17、cations. 100 percent. This study is usually invoked as evidence that, well, women need a little more confidence. But I think its evidence that women have been socialized to aspire to perfection, and theyre overly cautious. 发生了什么？ 嗯， 在五年级， 女孩总的来 说比男孩 在各个科目 的表现都要好， 包括数学 和科学， 所以这不是能力的问题。 不同点 在于男孩和女 孩 如

18、何看待挑战。 这 不止于五年 级。 一份惠普报告指出 男性会递 出工作申请 如果他们 只达到 60%的招聘要求 ， 而 女性， 女性只有在 100%达到招聘要求的时候 才会递出申 请。 百分之百。 这份研究 通常会被作 为 证据来说，嗯， 女性需要更多 的自信。 但我认为这 是证据 说明女性长 期被 赋予 追逐 完美， 她们太过谨慎了。 And even when were ambitious, even when were leaning in, that socialization of perfection has caused us to take less risks in our

19、careers. And so those 600,000 jobs that are open right now in computing and tech, women are being left behind, and it means our economy is being left behind on all the innovation and problems women would solve if they were socialized to be brave instead of socialized to be perfect. 即使是当我们雄心勃 勃， 即使我们

20、 向前一步 ， 社会对完美的要 求 让我们在职业 发展中 选 择冒更小的风险。 现在， 在计算机和科技 领域， 有六十万个 开放申请的工 作职 位， 女性 被抛在了后面， 这也意味着 我们的经济 被远远 抛在了后面 女性可以 解决的创新 和难题 如 果女性被教育要勇敢 而不 是完美。 So in 2012, I started a company to teach girls to code, and what I found is that by teaching them to code I had socialized them to be brave. Coding, its an e

21、ndless process of trial and error, of trying to get the right command in the right place, with sometimes just a semicolon making the difference between success and failure. Code breaks and then it falls apart, and it often takes many, many tries until that magical moment when what youre trying to bu

22、ild comes to life. It requires perseverance. It requires imperfection. 在 2012 年， 我创办了一 家公司 教女孩如何编 程， 我发现 ， 通过教她 们如何编程 我令她们 更加勇敢。 编程 ， 是一个无 止尽的过程 实验和错 误， 试着将对 的指令放在合 适 的地方， 有 时只是一个分号 就能决定 成功还是失败。 编码 出错了随后七 零八落， 时常需 要很多很多 次试验 直到那个神奇的时 刻 你想要搭建的程序 完成了 。 它需要持之以恒的 努 力。 需要接 受不完美。 We immediately see in our

23、program our girls fear of not getting it right, of not being perfect. Every Girls Who Code teacher tells me the same story. During the first week, when the girls are learning how to code, a student will call her over and shell say, “I dont know what code to write.“ The teacher will look at her scree

24、n, and shell see a blank text editor. If she didnt know any better, shed think that her student spent the past 20 minutes just staring at the screen. But if she presses undo a few times, shell see that her student wrote code and then deleted it. She tried, she came close, but she didnt get it exactl

25、y right. Instead of showing the progress that she made, shed rather show nothing at all. Perfection or bust. 我们立即发现在项目 里 女孩们害怕出错 ， 害怕不完美 。 每个女孩的 指导老师 都和我说一 样的故事。 在第一周 ， 当女孩们试着 学习如何编程 ， 一个学生叫她 过去 她说 到， “ 我不 知道要写那个编码 。 ” 当老师看她 的屏幕 ， 会看到一个完全空 白的界面 。 如果 她不知道原 因的话， 她也许会想 她的学生在 过去的 20 分钟 里 只是盯着屏幕发呆 。 但如果她

26、点击几 下撤销键， 他就会看到她的学 生 写了代码随后又 删掉了它们。 她尝试了， 她 接 近目标了， 但是她没有完全答对 。 比起展现她经历的 过程， 她宁可什么 都不展现。 要么 完美要么什 么也没有。 It turns out that our girls are really good at coding, but its not enough just to teach them to code. 结果显示女孩们 非常善于 编程， 但教给她们如 何写代码 是完全不够 的。 My friend Lev Brie, who is a professor at the University

27、 of Columbia and teaches intro to Java tells me about his office hours with computer science students. When the guys are struggling with an assignment, theyll come in and theyll say, “Professor, theres something wrong with my code.“ The girls will come in and say, “Professor, theres something wrong

28、with me.“ 我的朋友 Lev Brie， 是哥伦比亚大学 的教授 他教授 Java 编程 他告诉我他对电 脑科学学生 开放的 咨询时间里发生的 故事。 当男生们艰 难应对一个作 业的时候， 他们会 过 来然后说， “ 教授，我编的程序 出了 点问题。” 女生们会 过来然后说， “ 教 授，我出了点 问 题。” We have to begin to undo the socialization of perfection, but weve got to combine it with building a sisterhood that lets girls know that th

29、ey are not alone. Because trying harder is not going to fix a broken system. I cant tell you how many women tell me, 我们必须要撤销 对女性社 会化的完美主义 ， 我们必须要将这和 建立 女性支持系 统一起 让 女孩们知道 她们并不孤单 。 因为再努力 地尝试 也无法修补一 个破裂的系统 。 太多的女性 朋友告诉我， “Im afraid to raise my hand, Im afraid to ask a question, because I dont want to b

30、e the only one who doesnt understand, the only one who is struggling. When we teach girls to be brave and we have a supportive network cheering them on, they will build incredible things, and I see this every day. Take, for instance, two of our high school students who built a game called Tampon Run

31、 - yes, Tampon Run - to fight against the menstruation taboo and sexism in gaming. Or the Syrian refugee who dared show her love for her new country by building an app to help Americans get to the polls. Or a 16-year-old girl who built an algorithm to help detect whether a cancer is benign or malign

32、ant in the off chance that she can save her daddys life because he has cancer. These are just three examples of thousands, thousands of girls who have been socialized to be imperfect, who have learned to keep trying, who have learned perseverance. And whether they become coders or the next Hillary C

33、linton or Beyonc, they will not defer their dreams. “ 我害怕举手发言， 我害 怕问问题， 因为我不 想做那个 那个唯一不 懂的人， 那个唯一挣 扎的人。 当我们教 女孩们要勇敢 我们要 有支持她们的 系统 来鼓励她们 ， 她们 会有伟大的 成就， 我每天都看到这些 事。 举个例子， 两个高中学 生 制作了一个游戏 叫做 卫生棉逃 亡- （译者注：和游戏” 神庙 逃亡“ 谐音） 对， 卫生棉逃亡- 来反对游戏 中的月 经标记 和 对女性的歧视。 或是叙利亚 难民 她展示了对新 国家的爱 制作了一款 应用程序 让美国人轻 松了解民调。 或是一个

34、 16 岁的女孩 她建立了一 套运算系统 来帮助测 算癌症是 良性的还 是恶性的， 抱着一丝希望能救她 患癌 症的父亲。 这只是成千上 万个例子中的 三个， 成千 上万个女孩 被社会化为不 完美的， 她们学习如何不 断尝试， 学着如何持之以 恒。 无论她 们未来会成为程序员 或是 下一个希拉里 克林顿 或是碧昂 斯， 她 们 不会推迟自 己的梦想 。 And those dreams have never been more important for our country. For the American economy, for any economy to grow, to trul

35、y innovate, we cannot leave behind half our population. We have to socialize our girls to be comfortable with imperfection, and weve got to do it now. We cannot wait for them to learn how to be brave like I did when I was 33 years old. We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their

36、careers, when it has the most potential to impact their lives and the lives of others, and we have to show them that they will be loved and accepted not for being perfect but for being courageous. And so I need each of you to tell every young woman you know - your sister, your niece, your employee,

37、your colleague - to be comfortable with imperfection, because when we teach girls to be imperfect, and we help them leverage it, we will build a movement of young women who are brave and who will build a better world for themselves and for each and every one of us. 这些梦想对我们国家 来说 是多么重要。 对美国的经 济， 对任何成长

38、中的经济， 对真正的 创新开发， 我们不能丢下半数的 人口。 我们需要社会化 地教女孩们 适应习惯 不完美， 我 们现在开始就要这样 做。 我们不能等到她 们 自己去学习如何 勇敢 就像我 33 岁 时那样。 我 们要教她们勇敢 在学校 在职业起 步的时期， 在能够影 响她们的人生 以及 其他 人的人生 重要的时期， 要让她们知 道 她们会被爱被接受 不是因 为完美 而是因为充 满勇 气。 我需 要你们每个人 告诉你认识 的每个年轻女士 - 你的姐妹 ， 你的侄女 ， 你的雇员 ， 你的同 事 - 习惯接受不完美， 因为当我们告 诉女孩 不必完美的时 候， 我们帮助她们 平 衡这样的关 系，

39、我们会有更多勇敢的 年轻女士 这些女士为 她们自己 和我们每个 人建立更 好的世界。 Thank you. 谢谢。 (Applause) Thank you. Chris Anderson: Reshma, thank you. Its such a powerful vision you have. You have a vision. Tell me how its going. How many girls are involved now in your program? 克里斯 安德森：Reshma ， 谢谢你。 这是非常强大 的憧憬。 你很有眼光。 现在 进行的怎么 样了。 现在有

40、多少女孩 加入了你 的项目活动？ Reshma Saujani: Yeah. So in 2012, we taught 20 girls. This year well teach 40,000 in all 50 states. Reshma Saujani ： 是的。 在 2012 年 ，有 20 个 女孩参与。 今年， 我们 有 4 万名女 孩 来自美 国 50 个州。 And that number is really powerful, because last year we only graduated 7,500 women in computer science. Like

41、, the problem is so bad that we can make that type of change quickly. 这个数字真的很厉害 ， 因为去年我们只 有 7500 名女性 拿到电脑科学的 学位。 问题很严重 所以我们才能快速做 出改变。 CA: And youre working with some of the companies in this room even, who are welcoming graduates from your program? CA ：你和现在会 场里一些公司 合作 它们欢迎你结业 于 你的项目的学生吗 ？ RS: Yeah,

42、we have about 80 partners, from Twitter to Facebook to Adobe to IBM to Microsoft to Pixar to Disney, I mean, every single company out there. And if youre not signed up, Im going to find you, because we need every single tech company to embed a Girls Who Code classroom in their office. RS ： 是的， 我们有 大

43、概 80 个合 作公司， 从推特到 脸书 还有 Adobe ，IBM，微 软 皮克斯， 还有迪斯尼， 我是说 ， 每一家 公司。 如果你 还没和我们签 合作， 我会去找 你， 因为我们 需要每个科技公司 都有能 够编程的女孩 在他们 的办公室工作 。 CA: And you have some stories back from some of those companies that when you mix in more gender balance in the engineering teams, good things happen. CA ：你有一些故 事 来自于那些公司 当公司

44、 性别更平等的时 候 在工程队，有好 事情发生 。 RS: Great things happen. I mean, I think that its crazy to me to think about the fact that right now 85 percent of all consumer purchases are made by women. Women use social media at a rate of 600 percent more than men. We own the Internet, and we should be building the com

45、panies of tomorrow. And I think when companies have diverse teams, and they have incredible women that are part of their engineering teams, they build awesome things, and we see it every day. RS ：太棒的事情了。 我是说， 对我来说这样 的事实 简直令人发疯 85%的消费 行为来自于 女性。 女性使用社交媒体 的比率 是男性的六倍 。 我们拥有网络， 我们未 来会 创建公 司 。 我想， 当公司的团队 更加多元 化， 他们的工程队有卓 越的女性， 他们会建造 美 好的建筑， 我们每天都看到这些 。 CA: Reshma, you saw the reaction there. Youre doing incredibly important work. This whole community is cheering you on. More power to you. Thank you. CA ：Reshma ，你看到了现 场观众的反应 。 你在做卓越又重要 的工作。 整个群 体都在为你 欢呼打气。 希望你更加成 功。谢谢。 RS: Thank you. 谢谢。