专业英语四级-92及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语四级-92及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To 1 their work they must read letters, reports, newspapers. In getting a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 2 can mean the 3 between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is

2、that most of us are poor readers. Most of us 4 poor reading habits at an early age, and never get 5 them. The main 6 lies in the actual stuff of language itselfwords. 7 individually, words have little meaning 8 they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 9 , however, the untrain

3、ed reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word 10 , often regressing to read words or Model Tests. Regression, the 11 to look back over 12 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 13 down the speed of reading is vocalizationsounding each word

4、either orally or mentally 14 reads. To 15 these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device 16 an accelerator, which moves a bar down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate than the reader finds 17 , in order to stretch him. The accelerator forces the reader to

5、 read fast, making word-by-word reading, regression and sub vocalization, 18 impossible. Fast 19 is sacrificed for speed. 20 when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, but your comprehension will improve.（分数：40.00）A.come throughB.keep upC.come up withD.turn inA.quickly

6、B.roughlyC.easilyD.readilyA.divisionB.differenceC.separationD.controversyA.enhanceB.improveC.haveD.developA.overB.throughC.away withD.back toA.advantageB.distinctionC.deficiencyD.necessityA.To takeB.TakenC.TakingD.Being takenA.whenB.sinceC.onceD.untilA.LogicallyB.SubsequentlyC.UnfortunatelyD.Ineffic

7、ientlyA.at timesB.at one timeC.for a timeD.at a timeA.tendencyB.trendC.occasionD.chanceA.whatB./C.whereD.whichA.acceleratesB.scalesC.slowsD.cutsA.afterB.asC.evenD.beforeA.disposeB.transferC.abandonD.overcomeA.known forB.named afterC.definedD.calledA.convenientB.comfortableC.availableD.helpfulA.exclu

8、sivelyB.absolutelyC.practicallyD.similarlyA.comprehensionB.meaningC.regressionD.summaryA.AndB.AlsoC.ButD.OrHave you ever wondered what our future is like? Practically all people 21 a desire to predict their future 22 . Most people seem inclined to 23 this task using causal reasoning. First we 24 rec

9、ognize that future circumstances are 25 caused or conditioned by present ones. We learn that getting an education will 26 how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy 27 with a shark. Second, people also learn that such 28 of cause and effect are probabilistic

10、in nature. That is, the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are 29 , but not always. Thus, students learn that studying hard 30 good grades in most instances, but not every time. Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more 31 and provides techniques

11、 for dealing 32 then more accurately than does causal human inquiry. In looking at ordinary human inquiry, we need to 33 between prediction and understanding. Often, even if we dont understand why, we are willing to act 34 the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability. Whatever the primitive drives

12、 35 motivate human beings, satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to 36 future circumstances. The attempt to predict is often played in a 37 of knowledge and understanding. If you can understand why certain regular patterns 38 , you can predict better than if you simply observe those pattern

13、s. Thus, human inquiry aims 39 answering both what and why question, and we pursue these 40 by observing and figuring out.（分数：30.00）A.exhibitB.exaggerateC.examineD.exceedA.contextsB.circumstancesC.inspectionsD.intuitionsA.underestimateB.undermineC.undertakeD.undergoA.speciallyB.particularlyC.alwaysD

14、.generallyA.somehowB.somebodyC.someoneD.somethingA.enactB.affectC.reflectD.inflectA.meetingB.occurrenceC.encounterD.contactA.patternsB.designsC.arrangementsD.picturesA.disappointedB.absentC.inadequateD.absoluteA.createsB.producesC.losesD.protectsA.obscureB.indistinctC.explicitD.explosiveA.forB.atC.i

15、nD.withA.distinguishB.distinctC.distortD.distractA.atB.onC.toD.underA.whyB.howC.thatD.whereA.predictB.produceC.pretendD.precedeA.contentB.contactC.contestD.contextA.happenB.occurC.occupyD.incurA.atB.onC.toD.beyondA.purposesB.ambitionsC.drivesD.goalsAccording to BTs futurologist, Ian Pearson, these a

16、re among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1,000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. Pearson has 41 together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a 42 millennium techn

17、ology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key 43 and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an 44 life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs 45 into use between now and 2040. Pearson also 46 a breakthrough in co

18、mputer human links. By linking 47 to our nervous system, computers could pick up 48 we feel and, hopefully, simulate 49 too so that we can start to 50 full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck, he says. But that, Pearson points 51 , is only the sta

19、rt of man-machine 52 : It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will 53 lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century. 54 his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no 55 for wh

20、en faster-than-light travel will be 56 , or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does 57 social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, 58 problems in 2010, while the arrival of synth

21、etic 59 robots will mean people may not be able to 60 between their human friends and the droids. And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.（分数：30.00）A.takenB.piecedC.keptD.madeA.complica

22、tedB.delicateC.subtleD.uniqueA.breakthroughsB.findingsC.eventsD.incidentsA.expandedB.extendedC.enlargedD.enrichedA.beingB.becomingC.carryingD.comingA.schedulesB.plansC.predictsD.designsA.directlyB.instantlyC.preciselyD.automaticallyA.thatB.howC.whatD.allA.thinkingB.hearingC.sightD.feelingA.formB.dev

23、elopC.findD.undertakeA.outB.atC.toD.towardA.programB.productionC.experimentD.integrationA.finallyB.ultimatelyC.utterlyD.absolutelyA.ThroughB.ThoughC.DuringD.ByA.forecastsB.articlesC.storiesD.meetingsA.advisableB.affordableC.availableD.valuableA.solveB.ariseC.exerciseD.expectA.confrontB.causeC.witnes

24、sD.collectA.lovelyB.likelyC.lifelikeD.livelyA.distinguishB.differC.diagnoseD.deviate专业英语四级-92答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To 1 their work they must read letters, reports, newspapers. In getting a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and co

25、mprehend 2 can mean the 3 between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are poor readers. Most of us 4 poor reading habits at an early age, and never get 5 them. The main 6 lies in the actual stuff of language itselfwords. 7 individually, words have little meaning 8 they a

26、re strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 9 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word 10 , often regressing to read words or Model Tests. Regression, the 11 to look back over 12 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading.

27、Another habit which 13 down the speed of reading is vocalizationsounding each word either orally or mentally 14 reads. To 15 these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device 16 an accelerator, which moves a bar down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate than

28、the reader finds 17 , in order to stretch him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, making word-by-word reading, regression and sub vocalization, 18 impossible. Fast 19 is sacrificed for speed. 20 when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, but your comprehen

29、sion will improve.（分数：40.00）A.come throughB.keep upC.come up withD.turn in解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。文章首句提到“阅读不再是一种消遣，为了工作，人们必须读报等”，keep up“(使)继续，坚持”，符合句意。come through是“经历，承受困难”等；come up with是“提出，想出(解决方法)”；turn in是“交出，上交”，均不符合题意，因此B为正确答案。A.quicklyB.roughlyC.easilyD.readily解析：解析 副词辨析题。由后面的“成功与失败”可推知前半句意思为“阅读与理解能力

30、的快慢”，故选quickly，A为正确答案。A.divisionB.differenceC.separationD.controversy解析：解析 名词辨析题。division是“分割，分开”；difference是“不同，差异”；separation是“分开，分离”；controversy是“争议”。空格处要表明的是成功与失败的“区别，不同点”，故B为正确答案。A.enhanceB.improveC.haveD.develop解析：解析 动词固定搭配题。一种习惯的形成或养成一般要用develop或form，四个选项中enhance是“加强，巩固”，improve是“提高”，have是“有”

31、均不符合题意，所以用develop，D为正确答案。A.overB.throughC.away withD.back to解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。get over是“克服”；get through是“到达，使通过”；get away with是“离开”；get back to是“回到”。根据原文可知，对坏习惯应该是予以“克服”，所以用get over，A为正确答案。A.advantageB.distinctionC.deficiencyD.necessity解析：解析 名词辨析题。advantage是“好处，优点”；distinction是“区别，不同”；deficiency是“不足”；ne

32、cessity是“必要性”。上文讲到坏习惯难以克服，此处的内容为分析原因，提到主要一点就是单词，由后文可知逐字逐句对阅读理解的不利，所以选择deficiency，C为正确答案。A.To takeB.TakenC.TakingD.Being taken解析：解析 语法题。words与take为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，B为正确答案。A.whenB.sinceC.onceD.until解析：解析 语义衔接题。该句的意思是“单词如果单个地看是没有多少意思的，直到它们被组合成短语、句子和段落”。前面的little表示否定，后面用until连接，相当于not.until，表示“直到才”，D为

33、正确答案。A.LogicallyB.SubsequentlyC.UnfortunatelyD.Inefficiently解析：解析 副词辨析题。logically是“合乎逻辑地”；subsequently是“接下来地”；unfortunately是“很不幸地”；inefficiently是“低效率地”。此处提到未经过训练的读者的阅读习惯，与前面构成转折关系，表达一种遗憾可惜之情，所以用unfortunately，C为正确答案。A.at timesB.at one timeC.for a timeD.at a time解析：解析 固定搭配题。前句提到，这些未经过训练的读者不按照意群来阅读，而是逐

34、个单词费力地读，故选at a time，表示“每次，一次”，因此D为正确答案。A.tendencyB.trendC.occasionD.chance解析：解析 名词辨析题。此处是对regression“回读”的具体解释，即对刚刚读过的材料回头再看的这样一种“倾向，意向”，故选tendency。A为正确答案。A.whatB./C.whereD.which解析：解析 语法题。根据句意“回头看刚读过的”，read后要接宾语，故选what，A为正确答案。A.acceleratesB.scalesC.slowsD.cuts解析：解析 动词固定搭配题。句子的意思是“阅读时读出每个单词，这无疑会降低阅读的速

35、度”，减慢用slow down，故C为正确答案。A.afterB.asC.evenD.before解析：解析 逻辑关系题。as在此引导一个时间状语从句，相当于when，故B为正确答案。A.disposeB.transferC.abandonD.overcome解析：解析 动词辨析题。句子的意思是“不良的阅读习惯要克服”，所以用overcome一词，dispose是“处理”；transfer是“迁移，转换”；abandon是“放弃”，均不符合题意，故D为正确答案。A.known forB.named afterC.definedD.called解析：解析 动词辨析题。此处考查的是动词的过去分词作

36、定语，意思是“被称之为”，所以用called，D为正确答案。A.convenientB.comfortableC.availableD.helpful解析：解析 形容词辨析题。由后面的to stretch him可知，快速阅读器设置的速度比读者本身自由轻松阅读的速度要快，故选comfortable表示“轻松自在的”。B为正确答案。A.exclusivelyB.absolutelyC.practicallyD.similarly解析：解析 副词辨析题。该句的意思是“快速阅读器迫使读者快速阅读，这样那些不良阅读习惯，如逐字逐句读、回读、默念等都几乎不可能了”。exclusively是“惟一地”；a

37、bsolutely是“绝对地”；practically除了有“实际上地”，还有“几乎，简直”的意思；similarly是“相似地”。所以根据句意应该选择practically，C为正确答案。A.comprehensionB.meaningC.regressionD.summary解析：解析 名词辨析题。句子的意思是“当加快阅读速度时，读者对文章的理解可能就没有那么透彻了”，所以应该选择Comprehension，A为正确答案。A.AndB.AlsoC.ButD.Or解析：解析 语义衔接题。由后文的not only.but also可知，这里是对前面观点的有条件的否定，所以应该用表示转折的but

38、。C为正确答案。Have you ever wondered what our future is like? Practically all people 21 a desire to predict their future 22 . Most people seem inclined to 23 this task using causal reasoning. First we 24 recognize that future circumstances are 25 caused or conditioned by present ones. We learn that gettin

39、g an education will 26 how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy 27 with a shark. Second, people also learn that such 28 of cause and effect are probabilistic in nature. That is, the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are 29

40、, but not always. Thus, students learn that studying hard 30 good grades in most instances, but not every time. Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more 31 and provides techniques for dealing 32 then more accurately than does causal human inquiry. In looking at ordinary human i

41、nquiry, we need to 33 between prediction and understanding. Often, even if we dont understand why, we are willing to act 34 the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability. Whatever the primitive drives 35 motivate human beings, satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to 36 future circumstance

42、s. The attempt to predict is often played in a 37 of knowledge and understanding. If you can understand why certain regular patterns 38 , you can predict better than if you simply observe those patterns. Thus, human inquiry aims 39 answering both what and why question, and we pursue these 40 by obse

43、rving and figuring out.（分数：30.00）A.exhibitB.exaggerateC.examineD.exceed解析：解析 动词辨析题。exhibit“展出，表现”；exaggerate“夸张”；exceed“超越，胜过”。该句句意为“实际上，人们会对未来的生活怀有(呈现出)一定的期望”，所以应该选择exhibit。A为正确答案。A.contextsB.circumstancesC.inspectionsD.intuitions解析：解析 名词辨析题。context表示“上下文”；circumstance表示“环境”；inspection表示“检查，视察”；int

44、uition表示“直觉”。该句的意思是“所有的人都表现出一种预测未来的期望”，所以应该选择Circumstance，B为正确答案。A.underestimateB.undermineC.undertakeD.undergo解析：解析 动词辨析题。underestimate表示“低估”；undermine表示“破坏”；undertake表示“承担，担任”；undergo表示“经历，遭受”。undertake a task为常见搭配，意为“开始进行一项任务”，因此C为正确答案。A.speciallyB.particularlyC.alwaysD.generally解析：解析 副词辨析题。该句话的意

45、思是“我们普遍认为未来的情况或多或少是由现在的情形造成的或者以现在的情形为条件的”。specially表示“特殊地”；particularly表示“尤其地”；always表示“总是”，用在此处，有些绝对，所以应该选择generally，D为正确答案。A.somehowB.somebodyC.someoneD.something解析：解析 副词辨析题。somehow表示“不知何故，以某种方式”，故A为正确答案。A.enactB.affectC.reflectD.inflect解析：解析 动词辨析题。enact“制定法律，颁布”；inflect“弯曲”；affect“影响”；reflect是“反射，反思”。该句的意思是“我们知道接受教育程度将会我们未来挣多少钱”，所以应该用affect，B为正确答案。A.meetingB.occurrenceC.encounterD.contact解析：解析 名词辨析题。该句的字面意思是“躲在礁石后面游泳将有可能遭遇鲨鱼”，所以用encounter，指“没有事先计划的、未料到的、短暂的相遇”。occurrence是“发生的事”；contact是“接触，联系”，均不符合题意。C为正确答案。