【考研类试卷】考研英语（阅读）-试卷2及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语（阅读）-试卷 2及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.（分数：10.00）_【F1】 Internet users used to comfort themselves by thinkin

2、g that to become victims of the pirates of the Web, they had to frequent the online porn circuit or respond to an e-mail from the widowed wife of the former central bank governor of Nigeria. The idea was that one had to do something naughty to get caught in the wrongdoers“ net, or at least go for a

3、late-night stroll in the rough end of town. But the conceit has become untenable. Two years ago, engineers at Google reported that about 10 percent of millions of Web pages they analyzed engaged in “drive-by downloads“ of malware. Google today has about 330,000 Web sites listed as malicious, up from

4、 about 150,000 a year ago. 【F2】 Earlier this month, the Justice Department charged a 28-year-old from Miami and a couple of Russians with stealing 130 million credit card numbers from one of the largest payment processing companies in the world, which should know how to protect its computers from ha

5、ckers. And last week, McAfee, the maker of antivirus software, reported that fans searching for Hollywood gossip and memorabilia faced a high risk of getting caught up by online bad guys. 【F3】 Searching for the actress Jessica Biel, who won an achievement award at the Newport Beach Film Festival in

6、2006 and ranked in third place on Maxim magazine“s Hot 100 list last year, is most dangerous, with a 1 in 5 chance of landing at a Web site that tested positive for spyware, adware, spam, phishing, viruses or other noxious stuff. 【F4】 Perhaps cybercops will respond more aggressively to Internet thre

7、ats as they spread to the more wholesome parts of the Web, like police forces that leave crime alone in the poor parts of town but snap into action when it seeps into middle-class neighborhoods. McAfee, to no one“s surprise, suggests that we buy McAfee software. But with more and more information ab

8、out people“s credit cards, browsing histories and identities sloshing around online, I wonder whether this will do. A few months ago, I nervously created my first Facebook page with the minimum necessary information to view pictures posted by old friends. I returned to the page a few days later to d

9、iscover that somehow it had found out both the name of my college and my graduation class, displaying them under my name. I have not returned since.【F5】 In the back of my mind, I fear a 28-year-old hacker and a couple of Russians have gathered two more facts about me that 1 would rather they didn“t

10、have. And it“s way too late to take my life offline.（分数：10.00）(1).【F1】（分数：2.00）_(2).【F2】（分数：2.00）_(3).【F3】（分数：2.00）_(4).【F4】（分数：2.00）_(5).【F5】（分数：2.00）_Beside the 580 Freeway east of the San Francisco Ray, the hills are alive with the sound of whooshing. Wind turbines cover the hills for miles aroun

11、d, some like giant eggbeaters but most looking like big airplane propellers on poles, spinning in the near-constant breeze through Altamont Pass. When it was built starting in 1981, this was the largest wind farm in the world, and it cemented California“s place as a pioneer in alternative energy.【F1

12、】 Now it“s an outdated relic, relying on old-fashioned technology that produces less power and kills more birds than modern equipment. Wind turbines, especially the older devices in California, can be buzz saws for birds and bats, though newer, taller turbines seem less deadly. In any case, a study

13、by the National Academy of Sciences found no evidence that wind farms are decreasing bird populations; global warming is a much bigger threat to birds and bats than wind blades.【F2】 Renewable power is too important lo allow such projects to be derailed by narrow interest groups, which is why Califor

14、nia and other states should take steps to streamline the approval process. Resides community opposition, a key roadblock is the lack of transmission lines.【F3】 Wind power has a classic chicken-and-egg problem: Investors don“t want to build wind farms unless lines already exist to connect them to urb

15、an centers, and utilities don“t want to add lines until the turbines are spinning. California, Texas and two other states have come up with a solution. In April, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission signed off on a plan to shift part of the cost of power lines to California consumers.【F4】 Utilit

16、ies can charge higher rates to pay for building lines to high-wind areas; once generators connect to the lines, the cost will be recovered via access charges paid by the wind farms. This should become a national model. 【F5】 The first to benefit from the new regulation will probably be a transmission

17、 project from Southern California Edison that is eventually expected to carry 4 ,500 megawatts from wind farms planned in Tehachapithat“s the equivalent of two nuclear power plants the size of San Onofre, or enough to power 2. 9 million homes.（分数：10.00）(1).【F1】（分数：2.00）_(2).【F2】（分数：2.00）_(3).【F3】（分数

18、：2.00）_(4).【F4】（分数：2.00）_(5).【F5】（分数：2.00）_By far the biggest hurdle to expansion of solar power is cost. Solar panels are usually made of silicon, and the world is running out of it. Yet the economics of solar may be about to change.【F1】 Aided by hefty infusions of venture capital in recent years,

19、solar companies are on the cusp of developing new technologies that generate more power using less silicon, prompting predictions that costs for solar systems could be cut in half within the next three years. That process might be accelerated with a little more nurturing from the federal government.

20、【F2】 This year, the Energy Department will spend $ 303 million on research and development for nuclear power and $427 million on coal, while forking out a paltry $159 million on solar. That may be because the country gets less than 0. 01% of its electricity from the sun, but it doesn“t reflect solar

21、 power“s potential. Enough solar energy hits the Earth in an hour to supply all the world“s electricity needs for a year. A 100-square-mile area of Nevada, if equipped with solar devices, could supply the U. S. with all the power it needs, according to the Energy Department. Again, such pronouncemen

22、ts don“t address the real-world practicalities.【F3】 But given that neither coal nor nuclear power is a practical solution to global warming, U. S. research priorities are badly skewed. If roof-mounted solar panels aren“t quite ready for prime time, concentrated solar power systems might soon become

23、a hit.【F4】 These are usually arrays of reflectors installed in sunny areas like the Mojave Desert, where they concentrate sunlight to heat a liquid that turns to steam and powers a turbine. 【F5】 The Solar Energy Generating Systems, an installation of nine solar arrays in the Mojave that puts out 354

24、 megawatts, has been considered the biggest such plant in the world, but it won“t be for long. Five more Mojave plants are scheduled to come on line in the next few years; together they will generate more than 1 , 000 megawatts. These projects have to jump many of the same transmission hurdles as wi

25、nd farms.（分数：10.00）(1).【F1】（分数：2.00）_(2).【F2】（分数：2.00）_(3).【F3】（分数：2.00）_(4).【F4】（分数：2.00）_(5).【F5】（分数：2.00）_Economists used to think wealth came from a combination of man-made resources(roads, factories, telephone systems), human resources(hard work and education), and technological resources(techn

26、ical know how, or simply high-tech machinery).【F1】 Obviously, poor countries grew into rich countries by investing money in physical resources and by improving human and technological resources with education and technology transfer programs. Nothing is wrong with this picture as far as it goes. Edu

27、cation, factories, infrastructure, and technical know-how are indeed abundant in rich countries and lacking in poor ones. But the picture is incomplete, a puzzle with the most important piece missing. 【F2】 The first clue that something is amiss with the traditional story is its implication that poor

28、 countries should have been catching up with rich ones for the last century or soand that the farther behind they are, the faster the catch-up should be. In a country that has very little in the way of infrastructure or education, new investments have the biggest rewards. In a world of diminishing r

29、eturns, the poorest countries gain the most from new technology, infrastructure, and education. South Korea, for example, acquired technology by encouraging foreign companies to invest or by paying licensing fees. In addition to the fees, the investing companies sent profits back home. But the gains

30、 to Korean workers and investors, in the form of economic growth, were 50 times greater than the fees and profits that left the country. 【F3】 As for education and infrastructure, since the returns seem to be so high, there should be no shortage of investors willing to fund infrastructure projects or

31、 lend money to students(or to governments that provide education). Banks, domestic and foreign, should be lining up to lend people the money to get through school or to build a new road or a new power plant.【F4】 In turn, poor people, or poor countries, should be very happy to take out such loans, co

32、nfident that investment returns are so high that the repayments will not be difficult. Even if, for some reason, that didn“t happen, the World Bank, established after World War 11 with the express aim of providing loans to countries for reconstruction and development, lends billions of dollars a yea

33、r to developing countries.【F5】 Investment money is clearly not the issue; either the investments are not being made, or they are not delivering the returns the traditional model predicts.（分数：10.00）(1).【F1】（分数：2.00）_(2).【F2】（分数：2.00）_(3).【F3】（分数：2.00）_(4).【F4】（分数：2.00）_(5).【F5】（分数：2.00）_考研英语（阅读）-试卷 2

34、答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.（分数：10.00）_解析：【F1】 Internet users used to comfort themselves by thinking that t

35、o become victims of the pirates of the Web, they had to frequent the online porn circuit or respond to an e-mail from the widowed wife of the former central bank governor of Nigeria. The idea was that one had to do something naughty to get caught in the wrongdoers“ net, or at least go for a late-nig

36、ht stroll in the rough end of town. But the conceit has become untenable. Two years ago, engineers at Google reported that about 10 percent of millions of Web pages they analyzed engaged in “drive-by downloads“ of malware. Google today has about 330,000 Web sites listed as malicious, up from about 1

37、50,000 a year ago. 【F2】 Earlier this month, the Justice Department charged a 28-year-old from Miami and a couple of Russians with stealing 130 million credit card numbers from one of the largest payment processing companies in the world, which should know how to protect its computers from hackers. A

38、nd last week, McAfee, the maker of antivirus software, reported that fans searching for Hollywood gossip and memorabilia faced a high risk of getting caught up by online bad guys. 【F3】 Searching for the actress Jessica Biel, who won an achievement award at the Newport Beach Film Festival in 2006 and

39、 ranked in third place on Maxim magazine“s Hot 100 list last year, is most dangerous, with a 1 in 5 chance of landing at a Web site that tested positive for spyware, adware, spam, phishing, viruses or other noxious stuff. 【F4】 Perhaps cybercops will respond more aggressively to Internet threats as t

40、hey spread to the more wholesome parts of the Web, like police forces that leave crime alone in the poor parts of town but snap into action when it seeps into middle-class neighborhoods. McAfee, to no one“s surprise, suggests that we buy McAfee software. But with more and more information about peop

41、le“s credit cards, browsing histories and identities sloshing around online, I wonder whether this will do. A few months ago, I nervously created my first Facebook page with the minimum necessary information to view pictures posted by old friends. I returned to the page a few days later to discover

42、that somehow it had found out both the name of my college and my graduation class, displaying them under my name. I have not returned since.【F5】 In the back of my mind, I fear a 28-year-old hacker and a couple of Russians have gathered two more facts about me that 1 would rather they didn“t have. And it“s way too late to take my life offline.（分数：10.00）(1).【F1】（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：互联网用户过去常常安慰自己，认为只有经常光顾色情网站或者回复所谓的尼日利亚中央银行前行长遗孀发来的电子邮件才可能成为网络盗版的受害者。)解析：(2).【F2】（分数：2.00）_