【考研类试卷】考研英语-试卷1及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语-试卷 1 及答案解析(总分:152.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:2,分数:80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_Stop worrying about recession. That is the message from America“s R-word index. For eac
2、h quarter, we (1)_ how many stones in the New York Times and the Washington Post include the word “recession“. (2)_ bells were set (3)_ by the sharp jump in the “R-count“ in the first quarter of this year. at a rate that in the past has (4)_ the start of a recession. In the second quarter. (5)_. the
3、 number of articles (6)_ by more than one-third. A conspiracy theorist might suggest that newspaper editors, (7)_ about dwindling advertising revenues, have (8)_ the R-word. The Economist has found that (9)_ the past two decades, the R-word index has been good at (10)_ mining-points in the American
4、economy. (11)_ GDP figures which appear (12)_ after a lag, the numbers are instantly available. But how does the index perform in Germany, (13)_ there have also been (14)_ fears of recession? Using our idea, Hypo Vereins bank has (15)_ an R-word index for Germany, counting the number of times the wo
5、rd recession (16)_ in Handelsblatt. Worryingly, Germany“s R-count for the first quarter of 2001 showed the second-steepest (17)_ in the past two decades. But in the second quarter, the index dropped by one-third, (18)_ in America (19)_ the world economy has nothing to worry about, or journalists are
6、 more worded about a (20)_ than a mere recession. A R-word index?(分数:40.00)A.countB.calculateC.accountD.reckonA.WarningB.AlarmC.SirenD.dangerA.upB.outC.offD.aboutA.hint atB.gesturedC.signD.signaledA.butB.yetC.howeverD.althoughA.reducedB.fellC.dropD.descendedA.tormentedB.harassedC.torturedD.worriedA.
7、prohibitedB.proscribedC.bannedD.interdictedA.overB.inC.throughD.byA.pointingB.settingC.placingD.spottingA.UnlikeB.LikeC.AsD.Not asA.generallyB.usuallyC.alwaysD.onlyA.whichB.whereC.whoD.whatA.grownB.growC.grewD.growingA.coinedB.builtC.constructedD.createdA.appearingB.appearedC.appearanceD.appearsA.gr
8、owthB.riseC.risingD.increaseA.asB.likeC.as ifD.as thatA.EitherB.WhicheverC.NeitherD.WhateverA.depressionB.declineC.despairD.dejection二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:12,分数:68.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by ch
9、oosing A, B, C or D._Those of us hurrying to finish our taxes by tomorrow“s deadline will probably be subjected to thoughts of the I.R.S. (Internal Revenue Service) as an all-powerful bully. But the truth is, the government is not always a match for the tax advisors of wealthy people, so a lot of ta
10、xes will go unpaid at the top of the income scale. Lawyers who represent high-income taxpayers earn more than 10 times what senior government lawyers doan obvious disadvantage for the government agencies in attracting and retaining top talent. The lawyers who write our tax rules are overworked and s
11、ometimes inexperienced, so that they leave loopholes that are exploited by more experienced private lawyers. And the government always loses cases which it should win, and provides private lawyers with precedents. As this vicious cycle shows, skimping(节约) on tax administration is a false economy. In
12、stead, if we substantially increase government salaries and staffing levels, we can raise more revenue, with lower tax rates and less waste. Four reforms should be adopted immediately. First, the government should focus on hiring talented young lawyers, since the pay disparity with the private secto
13、r is narrower for them. These efforts will be more effective if Congress helps new graduates repay student loans, which often are more than $100,000. A loan repayment program would be a powerful recruiting device. Second, the government should tap another promising talent poolrecent retirees from pr
14、ivate practiceto mentor young lawyers. The salary gap is less of an issue for retirees, and the opportunity to give back to the tax system can be quite appealing. Third, the government should retain a small team of a dozen top tax lawyers at salaries closer to the market rate. They can serve as a ra
15、pid reaction force, deciding whether to shut down a new aggressive strategy immediately or to let it be evaluated through usual government channels. Fourth, the government should retain private lawyers to help with high-priority projects. An important constraint is that lawyers who represent private
16、 clients may view it as a conflict to help the government. But this is not always true. Through bar associations, private lawyers already volunteer to review proposed changes in the tax law and offer ways to improve them. Tax academics can also be a valuable and conflict-free source of expertise, si
17、nce they ordinarily do not represent clients. And some tax litigators(诉讼律师) may view it as a prestigious opportunity and a patriotic service to represent the government in a tax case that could set an important precedent. The tax system can be only as strong as the people who run it, so the governme
18、nt has to recruit and retain the most promising talent. A tax system can be fair and efficient only when it is administered soundly.(分数:10.00)(1).The text suggests that the wealthy people in the U.S. _(分数:2.00)A.Seldom pay their taxes.B.Always hurry to finish their taxes by the deadline.C.Employ adv
19、isors m avoid tax payments.D.Enjoy the same tax rate as people with ordinary income.(2).The word “disparity“ (Line 1, Paragraph 4) most probably means _(分数:2.00)A.equity.B.gap.C.quantity.D.accord.(3).Private lawyers can easily exploit advantages in current tax system mainly because _(分数:2.00)A.they
20、earn more than the lawyers working for the government.B.they are more experienced and talented.C.the tax system only suits the poor.D.they want successful precedents to improve their career.(4).Which of the following is true of the text?(分数:2.00)A.The U.S. government revenue agencies always bully ta
21、xpayers.B.The salary gap between senior government lawyers and private lawyers is smaller.C.Private lawyers are unwilling to help the government make countermeasures against themselves.D.Reforms in tax administration can help reduce waste and tax rate, and collect more revenue.(5).According to the t
22、ext, the most important factor to perfect tax system is to _(分数:2.00)A.improve tax administration.B.lower the income of private lawyers.C.ask people to pay tax through moral methods.D.change the current tax rate.Let“s not mince words: college can be tough. According to a 2007 study by the American C
23、ollege Health Association, 43 percent of students reported having felt “so depressed it was difficult to function“ at least once in the prior year. Other studies, based on student surveys, suggest that one in five undergraduates reported having an eating disorder, one in six had deliberately cut or
24、burned himself and one in 10 had considered suicide. Given those numbers, it“s deeply troubling that in 2007 just 8. 5 percent of students used their college“s counseling services. In other words, students were more likely to consider killing themselves than to seek help. “After Virginia Tech, stude
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