【考研类试卷】考博英语-基础训练3及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-基础训练 3 及答案解析(总分：16.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：4.00)The payroll register constitutes the treasurer departments authority to pay the employees Payment is usually made in the form of a check drawn on the companys regular bank account Pre-numbered payroll checks should be used, and there shoul

2、d be independent verification of!the agreement of the checks with the payroll register in detail and in totalPayroll checks should be distributed directly to employees, on proper identification, by treasurers department personnelThe checks should not be returned to payroll for distribution since the

3、 payroll department would then have control over both preparing and paying the payrollAlternatively,payroll checks may be deposited directly in the employees cheeking accountPayment of employees in cash is the exception rather than the ruleThis form of payment is more easily influenced by errors, ir

4、regularities, and robbery than payment by checkFollowing payment, check numbers are entered on the register,the preparation and payment of the payroll are programmed on a computerA termination notice should be issued by the personnel department on the completion of an individuals employment with the

5、 companyCopies of the termination authorization should be sent to the employees supervisor and to payroll, and a copy should be filed in the employees personnel recordThe proper execution of this function is vital in preventing terminated employees from continuing on the payrollThe subsequent divers

6、ion of such payroll checks to an unauthorized individual has been responsible for many payroll cheat through the yearsEvery company is expected to fulfill the legal requirements relevant to the filing of payroll tax returns and the payment of the resulting taxesOrdinarily,the payroll department prep

7、ares the tax returns and a check is issued through the guarantor system in payment of the taxesThe responsibility for the filing of returns before due dates should be assigned to a payroll department supervisorFurthermore, there should be independent verification within that department of the accura

8、cy and completeness of the returnEffective control over tax retums is necessary to avoid penalties for late or incorrect filings（分数：4.00）(1).According to the passage employees should be paid_Amonthly in cash Bweekly by bank Cregularly by check Dproperly in time（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Payroll checks sho

9、uld be_Aidentified by treasurers department personnelBdistributed to employees by the companys bankCsent to employees directly and responsibly by postDdeposited regularly in the employees account（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements may NOT be the weakness of payment in cash?AIts ea

10、sily affected by mistakes BIt may be distributed irregularlyCThere is possibility of robberyDIt can be done conveniently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).When an employee stops working in the company,all of the following should be done except_Aa termination notice should be issued by the personnel departmentBa c

11、opy of the termination authorization should be given to the employee personallyCa copy of the termination authorization should be sent to the employees supexwisorDa copy of the termination authorization be delivered to the payroll register（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Tight-lipped elders u

12、sed to say,“Its not what you want in this world, but what you get“ Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the fight things.You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blu

13、eprints in the general routine of everyday livingIf we intend to have friends to dinner,we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be servedLikewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper,and write a b

14、rief account of yourself In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself,for when you know exactly what you have to offer,you can intelligently plan where to sell your servicesThis account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and referen

15、cesSuch an account is valuableIt can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviewsWhile talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your

16、“wares“and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected mannerWhen you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sellThen you are ready to hunt for a jobGet all the possible information about vour couldbe job, make inquiri

17、es as to the details regarding the job and the firmKeep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgementSpend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for,and keep in mind：Securing a job is your job now（分数：4.00）(1).What do the eiders mean when they say,“Its not what you w

18、ant in this world，but what you get“?AYoull certainly get what you wantBIts no use dreamingCYou should be dissatisfied with what you haveDIts essential to set a goal for yourself（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as_Aan illustration of how

19、 to write an application for a jobBan indication of how to secure a good jobCa guideline for job descriptionDa principle for job evaluation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage，one must write an account of himself before starting to fmd a job because_Athat is the first step to please the emp

20、loyerBthat is the requirement of the employerCit enables him to know when to sell his servicesDit forces him to become clearly aware of himself（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires，you have something_Adefinite to offer Bimaginary to provideCp

21、ractical to supply Ddesirable to present（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：4.00)The stability of the U.S.banking system is maintained by means of supervision and regulation, inspections, deposit insurance, and loans to troubled banksFor over 50 years, these precautions have prevented banking panicsH

22、oweveg there have been some close callsThe collapse of Continental Illinois Bank&Trusted Company of Chicago in 1984 did not bring down the banking system, but it certainly rattled some windowsIn the 1ate 1970sContinental soared to a leadership position among Midwestern banksParts of its growth strat

23、egy were risky,howeverIt made many loans in the energy field, including$1 billion that it took over from Penn Square Bank of Oklahoma CityTo obtain the funds it needed to make these loans, Continental relied heavily on short term borrowing from other banks and large 30-day certificates of deposit-“h

24、ot money“, in banking jargonAt least one Continental officer saw danger signs and wrote a warning memo to her superiors, but the memo went unheeded Although the Comptroller of the Currency inspected Continental on a regular basis, it failed to see how serious its problems were going to bePenn Square

25、 Bank was closed by regulators in July 1982When energy prices began to slip, most of the$1 billion in loans that Continental had taken over from the smaller banks tumed out to be badOther loans to troubled companies such Chrysler,International Harvester,and Braniff looked questionableSeeing these pr

26、oblem, “hot money“owners began to pull their funds out of ContinentalBy the spring of 1984, a rnn on Continental had begunIn May,the bank had to borrow$3.5 billion from the Fed to replace overnight funds it had lostBut this was not enoughTo try to stem the outflow of deposits from Continental, the F

27、DIC agreed to guarantee not just the first$100,000 of each depositors money but all of itNevertheless, the run continuedFederal regulators tried hard to find a sound bank that could take over Continentala cornnlon way of rescuing failing banksBut Continental was just too big for anyone to buyBy July

28、 all hope of a private sector rescue was dashedRegulators faced a stark choice：Let Continental collapse, or take it over themselvesLetting the bank fail seemed too riskyIt was estimated that more than 100 other banks had placed enough funds in Continental to put them at risk if Continental failedThu

29、s, on a rainy Thursday at the end of July,the FDIC in effect nationalized Continental Illinois at a cost of$4.5 billionThis kept the banks doors open and prevented a chain reactionHowever,in all but a technical sense, Continental had become the biggest bank failure in U.S.history（分数：4.00）(1).In the

30、spring of 1 984，Continental experienced_Aa fast growth period Ba stability periodCa run Dan oil price decrease（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By July,all hope of a private sector rescue was_.Adestroyed Babsurd Cdesperate Ddamaged（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The nationalization of Continental_AsaveditBmade“hot money”ow

31、ners continue to pull their funds out of ContinentalCalmost brought down the banking systemDfired many highranking officers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Banking panics may be prevented by means of_Adeposit insurance Bgrowth strategyClong-term borrowing Dwarning memo（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：4.00)If

32、sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skillsAmerican firms have a problemHuman resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United StatesSkill acquisition is considered as an individual responsibilityLabor is simply another

33、 factor of production to be hired or rented at the lowest possible cost much as one buys raw materials or equipmentThe lack of importance aRached to human resource management can be seen in the corporation hierarchyIn an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in commandThe

34、 post of head of human resource managements is usually a specialized job, often at the edge of the corporate hierarchyThe executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer(CEO)By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human

35、resource management is centralusually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firms hierarchyWhile American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training theft work-forcesin fact they invest less in the skill of their employees than do the Japanese or German firmsThe m

36、oney they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial emplovees And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it

37、possible to absorb new technologiesAs a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arriveIf American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany(as they do)，the effective cost of those stations is lower in

38、 Germany than it is in the United StatedMore time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity,and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employedThe result is a slower pace of technological changeA

39、nd in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top halfIf the bottom half cant effectively staff the processes that have to be operated，the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear（分数：4.00）(1).Which of the following applies t

40、o the management of human resources in American companies?AThey hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skillsBThey see the gaining of skills as their employees own businessCThey attach more importance to workers than to equipmentDThey only hire skilled workers because of keen competition

41、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the position of the head of human resource management in an American firm?AHe is one of the most important executives in the firmBHis post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introducedCHe is directly under the chief financial executiveDHe has no authority i

42、n making important decisions in the firm（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The money most American firms spend in training mainly goes to_Aworkers who can operate new equipmentBtechnological and managerial staffCworkers who lack basic background skillsDtop executives（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the main idea of t

43、he passage?AAmerican firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human resource managementBExtensive retraining is indispensable to effective human resource management。CThe head of human resource management must be in the central position in a firms hierarchyDThe human resource management

44、strategies of American firms affect their competitive capacity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.考博英语-基础训练 3 答案解析(总分：16.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：4.00)The payroll register constitutes the treasurer departments authority to pay the employees Payment is usually made in the form of a check drawn on the companys re

45、gular bank account Pre-numbered payroll checks should be used, and there should be independent verification of!the agreement of the checks with the payroll register in detail and in totalPayroll checks should be distributed directly to employees, on proper identification, by treasurers department pe

46、rsonnelThe checks should not be returned to payroll for distribution since the payroll department would then have control over both preparing and paying the payrollAlternatively,payroll checks may be deposited directly in the employees cheeking accountPayment of employees in cash is the exception ra

47、ther than the ruleThis form of payment is more easily influenced by errors, irregularities, and robbery than payment by checkFollowing payment, check numbers are entered on the register,the preparation and payment of the payroll are programmed on a computerA termination notice should be issued by th

48、e personnel department on the completion of an individuals employment with the companyCopies of the termination authorization should be sent to the employees supervisor and to payroll, and a copy should be filed in the employees personnel recordThe proper execution of this function is vital in preve

49、nting terminated employees from continuing on the payrollThe subsequent diversion of such payroll checks to an unauthorized individual has been responsible for many payroll cheat through the yearsEvery company is expected to fulfill the legal requirements relevant to the filing of payroll tax returns and the payment of the