【考研类试卷】考博英语-152及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-152 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：40，分数：30.00)1.I cannot explain the withholding tax to you. This is something which you will have to take up with an accountant.（分数：0.50）A.make up withB.call forC.wait onD.consult2.When a newspaper prints an inaccurate date for an event, univer

2、sal chagrin results.（分数：0.50）A.discomfitureB.amusementC.reprisalD.loss of profit3.After reading Philip Morrisons paper on gamma-ray astronomy in 1959, a fellow physicist was prompted to ask, “Wouldnt using gamma-rays be a good way to communicate across the galaxy?“（分数：0.50）A.petitionedB.cautionedC.m

3、otivatedD.requested4.Instead of waiting for the arrival of our counsel, it is better to have it out with the thief right away.（分数：0.50）A.not to quarrel withB.to get it over withC.not to confrontD.to bring into the open5.Located in New York City, Greenwich Village gained a reputation for bohemianism

4、due to its populace of artists and freethinkers.（分数：0.50）A.desiredB.promotedC.deservedD.acquired6.John goes in for tennis while his wife goes in for painting and sculpture.（分数：0.50）A.outgrowsB.dedicates herself toC.calls herself downD.rakes after7.We must safeguard against coerced confessions.（分数：0.

5、50）A.bribedB.emotionalC.unprofitableD.forced8.My attention was engaged by the articles caption.（分数：0.50）A.graphB.authorC.contentsD.title9.The report was unusual in that it is insinuated corruption on the part of the minister.（分数：0.50）A.deniedB.suggestedC.reprisalD.loss of profit10.The scheme for reb

6、uilding the city center _ owing to the refusal of a Council to sanction the expenditure of the money it would have required.（分数：0.50）A.fell downB.fell offC.fell outD.fell flat11.Two more teams have dropped out of the league.（分数：0.50）A.have promenaded downB.have reprimanded forC.have left permanently

7、D.have been absent12.In certain types of quartz, bands of color form an irregular pattern.（分数：0.50）A.shadesB.cautionedC.motivatedD.requested13.She got used to his manner of speaking soon.（分数：0.50）A.had been used ToB.would be used toC.became accustomed toD.used to14.It is difficult to discern the sam

8、ple that is on the slide unless the microscope is adjusted properly.（分数：0.50）A.overlookB.disclaimC.discardD.detect15.Death ensued as a result of suffocation.（分数：0.50）A.heart failureB.an accidentC.diseaseD.asphyxiation16.In an effort to end the strike, the owners agreed to meet the strikers halfway.（

9、分数：0.50）A.argue with himB.run over himC.run into himD.compromise with him17.The crowd swelled in the evening until the noise made by the crowd could be heard for miles.（分数：0.50）A.shoutedB.cheeredC.grewD.scattered18.He expected to lose his job because the boss had had it in for him a long time.（分数：0.

10、50）A.not held a grudgeB.waited for revengeC.disliked him on himD.thought about him19.It stands to reason that if he never prepares his lessons, be is not going to make good progress.（分数：0.50）A.is clear and logical andB.makes goodC.is not difficult to understandD.is out of the question20.After that s

11、agging barn collapsed, the farmer burned it down.（分数：0.50）A.burned it rapidlyB.burned it to the groundC.burned it allD.burned it out21.He did not relish appealing amongst his friends and _ of their criticism or censure.（分数：1.00）A.running shortB.running outC.running the gauntletD.running ahead22.Dont

12、 let on to Doris that we are going to the movies tonight.（分数：1.00）A.revealB.reconcileC.acceptD.protrude23.Dont meddle in my affairs, and in fact a I can handle them properly by myself.（分数：1.00）A.interfereB.interestC.involveD.attend24.The possibility that the explosion was caused by sabotage cannot b

13、e _.（分数：1.00）A.broken outB.cancelled outC.ruled outD.wiped out25.The flowers bloomed yesterday and seems to wither in a few minutes.（分数：1.00）A.blossomB.dry upC.plunderD.revive26.Susan Clintons participation in the Progressive Movement was far-reaching, embracing such causes as labor legislation and

14、housing reforms.（分数：1.00）A.timelyB.voluntaryC.extensiveD.admirable27.I must drop a line to my brother.（分数：1.00）A.throw him a ropeB.write him a letterC.send him a telegramD.save his life28.The typical shoe of the Middle Ages was a soft, clinging moccasin that extended to the ankle.（分数：1.00）A.close-fi

15、ttingB.comfortableC.cleverly madeD.leather29.The ex-president had been _ in the country to refresh his mind before he passed away.（分数：1.00）A.given to walkingB.given a walkC.given for a walkD.giving a walk30.It rained all the time and so we did not make good time driving to New York.（分数：1.00）A.travel

16、 at a good speedB.have a good timeC.contentD.make a good day31.There is an old saying in English which goes, “Never put off until tomorrow What you can do today.“（分数：1.00）A.look for itB.put it in placeC.cancel itD.postpone it32.The human treatment of prisoners is endorsed by the majority of people i

17、n the society.（分数：1.00）A.encounteredB.endowedC.quenchedD.supported33.I certainly got stuck when I bought this raincoat; every time I go out in the rain, it shrinks some more.（分数：1.00）A.was cheatedB.couldnt resist it.C.got a good bargainD.got shocked34.Although they had agreed to defer the action the

18、 minister ordered to act immediately.（分数：1.00）A.prolongB.proceedC.inflictD.postpone35.Being out of employment, they have to lounge at street corners and wait for a chance to get a job.（分数：1.00）A.do no workB.do somethingC.go for a walkD.pass time idly36.His parents were once well-off but they lost al

19、l their money.（分数：1.00）A.in good healthB.not happyC.well-to-doD.not rich37.In mountainous regions, much of the snow that falls is compacted into ice.（分数：1.00）A.hauledB.compressedC.compiledD.harnessed38.If they think they are going to win over us by obstinately _ and refusing to make the slightest co

20、ncession, they are mistaken.（分数：1.00）A.holding outB.holding toC.holding overD.holding up39.Bone and ivory are light, strong, and accessible materials for Inuit artists.（分数：1.00）A.distinctiveB.economicalC.availableD.optional40.When hummingbirds fly, their wingbeats are so rapid that the wings seem bl

21、urred.（分数：1.00）A.tinyB.fragileC.indistinctD.inexhaustible二、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：15.00)BDirections:/B There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the correspond

22、ing letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Faster than ever before, the human world is becoming an urban world. By the millions they come, the ambitious and the down-trodden of the world drawn by the strange magn

23、etism of urbanU (41) /U. For centuries the progress of civilization has beenU (42) /Uby the rigid growth of cities. Now the world isU (43) /Uto pass a milestone: more people will live in urban areas than in the countryside.Explosive population growthU (44) /Ua torrent of migration from the countrysi

24、de are creating cities that dwarf the great capitals of the past. By theU (45) /Uof the century, there will be fifty-one “megacities“ with populations of ten million or more. Of these, eighteen will be inU (46) /U countries, including some of the poorest nations in the world. Mexico City alreadyU (4

25、7) /Utwenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank,U (48) /Uof Africas cities are growing by 10% a year, the swiftestU (49) /Uof urbanization ever recorded.Is the trend good or bad? Can the cities cope? No one knowsU (50) /U. Without question, urbanization has produc

26、edU (51) /Uso ghastly that they are difficult to comprehend. In Cairo, children whoU (52) /Umight be in kindergarten can be found digging through clots of ox waste, looking forU (53) /Ukernels of corn to eat. Young, homeless thieves in Papua New Guineas Port Moresby may notU (54) /Utheir last names

27、or the names of the villages where they were born. In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babiesU (55) /Uinto garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers.（分数：15.00）A.way.B.lifeC.areaD.peopleA.defined.B.estimatedC.createdD.expectedA.aboutB.upC.likeD.alreadyA.ofB.likeC.andD.o

28、rA.changeB.wakeC.beginningD.turnA.developingB.developedC.developD.developmentA.makesB.hasC.comesD.livesA.noneB.fewC.anyD.someA.eventB.workC.levelD.rateA.for goodB.with clarityC.for sureD.in doubtA.miraclesB.miseriesC.mysteriesD.misunderstandingsA.elsewhereB.anywhereC.somewhereD.nowhereA.unrefinedB.u

29、ndigestedC.unpolishedD.unspoiledA.askB.findC.haveD.knowA.droppedB.to dropC.droppingD.drops三、BPart Reading (总题数：5，分数：30.00)BDirections:/B Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C a

30、nd D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.BPassage One/BGordon Shaw the physicist, 66, and colleagues have d

31、iscovered whats known as the “Mozart effect,“ the ability of a Mozart sonata, under the right circumstances, to improve the listeners mathematical and reasoning abilities. But the findings are controversial and have launched all kinds of crank notions about using music to make kids smarter. The hype

32、, he warns, has gotten out of hand.But first, the essence: Is there something about the brain cells work to explain the effect? In 1978 the neuroscientist Vernon Mountcastle devised a model of the neural structure of the brains gray matter. Looking like a thick band of colorful bead work, it represe

33、nts the firing patterns of groups of neurons. Building on Mounteastle, Shaw and his team constructed a model of their own. On a lark, Xiaodan Leng, who was Shaws colleague at the time, used a synthesizer to translate these patterns into music. What came out of the speakers wasnt exactly toe-tapping,

34、 but it was music. Shaw and Leng inferred that music and brain-wave activity are built on the same sort of patterns.“Gordon is a contrarian in his thinking,“ says his longtime friend, Nobel Prize-winning Stanford physicist Martin Peri. “Thats important. In new areas of science, such as brain researc

35、h, nobody knows how to do it.“What do neuroscientists and psychologists think of Shaws findings? They havent condemned it, but neither have they confirmed it. Maybe you have to take them with a grain of salt, but the experiments by Shaw and his colleagues are intriguing. In March a team led by Shaw

36、announced that young children who had listened to the Mozart sonata and studied the piano over a period of months improved their scores by 27% on a test of ratios and proportions. The control group against which they were measured received compatible enrichment courses-minus the music. The Mozart-tr

37、ained kids are now doing math three grade levels ahead of their peers, Shaw claims.Proof of all this, of course, is necessarily elusive because it can be difficult to do a double- blind experiment of educational techniques. In a double-blind trial of an arthritis drug, neither the study subjects nor

38、 the experts evaluating them know which ones got the test treatment and which a dummy pill. How do you keep the participants from knowing its Mozart on the CD?（分数：6.00）(1).In the first paragraph Gordon Shaws concern is shown over _.（分数：1.00）A.the open hostility by the media towards his findingsB.his

39、 strength to keep trying out the “Mozart effect“C.a widespread misunderstanding of his findingsD.the sharp disagreement about his discovery(2).Shaw and Lengs experiment on the model of their own seems to be based on the hypothesis that _.（分数：1.00）A.listening to Mozart could change the brains hardwar

40、eB.brain-waves could be invariably translated into musicC.listening to music could stimulate brain developmentD.toe-tapping could be very close to something musical(3).The remarks made by Martin Perk in Paragraph 3 about Gordon Shaw could be taken as _.（分数：1.00）A.a complimentB.an outspoken criticism

41、C.an expression of jealousyD.something a little sarcastic(4).In the sentence “Maybe you have to take them.“ (Para. 4) the word “them“ best refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.neuroscientists and psychologistsB.Shaw and his colleaguesC.the experiments by Shaw and his teamD.Shaws findings(5).The most important con

42、dition for the Mozart-trained kids to outsmart the control group is _.（分数：1.00）A.being particularly trained to tackle math problemsB.listening to a specific Mozart and playing the pianoC.having extra courses designed exclusively for themD.studying the piano for its breathtaking complexity(6).Accordi

43、ng to the author, proof of what Shaw claims is difficult because _.（分数：1.00）A.the control group will also enjoy the same kind of MozartB.some educational techniques need re-evaluationC.the double-blind experiment is not reliable and thus rejected by ShawD.participants cannot be kept from knowing wha

44、t is used in the testBPassage Two/BSometimes opponents of capital punishment horrify with tales of lingering death on the gallows, of faulty electric chairs, or of agony in the gas chamber. Partly in response to such protests, several states such as North Carolina and Texas switched to execution by

45、lethal injection. The condemned person is put to death painlessly, without ropes, voltage, bullets, or gas. Did this answer the objections of death penalty opponents? Of course not. On June 22, 1984, The New York Times published an editorial that sarcastically attacked the new “hygienic“ method of d

46、eath by injection, and stated that “execution can never be made humane through science.“ So its not the method that really troubles opponents. Its the death itself they consider barbaric.Admittedly, capital punishment is not a pleasant topic. However, one does not have to like the death penalty in o

47、rder to support it any more than one must like radical surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy in order to find necessary these attempts at curing cancer. Ultimately we may learn how to cure cancer with a simple pill. Unfortunately, that day has not yet arrived. Today we are faced with the choice of let

48、ting the cancer spread or trying to cure it with the methods available, methods that one day will almost certainly be considered barbaric. But to give up and do nothing would be far more barbaric and would certainly delay the discovery of an eventual cure. We may not like the death penalty, but it m

49、ust be available to punish crimes of cold-blooded murder, eases in which any other form of punishment would be inadequate and, therefore, unjust. If we create a society in which injustice is not tolerated, incidents of murder-the most flagrant form of injustice-will diminish.（分数：6.00）(1).How did Texas respond to the protests mentioned in Parag